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Störbeck C, Young A, Moodley S, Ismail S. Audiological profile of deaf and hard-of-hearing children under six years old in the "HI HOPES cohort" in South Africa (2006-2011). Int J Audiol 2023; 62:845-852. [PMID: 35917406 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2101551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study concerns deaf children under six years in the South African HI HOPES Cohort. OBJECTIVE To examine their audiological profile, aetiological risk factors for infant hearing loss as well as the relationship between identification, amplification and socio-economic influences. DESIGN Using a cohort design, secondary data analysis of a pre-existing dataset demonstrated adequate representation of South African demographic characteristics. STUDY SAMPLE A total of 532 deaf and hard-of-hearing infants enrolled in the HI HOPES early intervention programme in three provinces (2006-2011). RESULTS The median age of identification of children with bilateral hearing loss (n = 502) was 24.0 months (IQR = 12-36 months). Infants with aetiological risk factors were identified later than those without risk factors, and the latest age of identification (28.5 months) was for those with three aetiological risk factors (n = 42). The median age of amplification was 32 months with 102 children eligible for amplification at 31.1 months still unamplified. Early identification did not imply early amplification, and the more economically advantaged a Province the smaller the gap between ages of identification and amplification. CONCLUSIONS In a field with little population-level evidence, the size, and representativeness of this dataset makes a significant contribution to our understanding of infant hearing loss in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Störbeck
- Centre for Deaf Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alys Young
- Social Research with Deaf People (SORD), School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Selvarani Moodley
- Centre for Deaf Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Safiyyah Ismail
- Centre for Deaf Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Prakash P, Lakshmi S, Sreedhar A, Mathur AV, Sreeraj K. Validation of LittleEARS questionnaire in Hindi language. J Otol 2022; 18:71-78. [PMID: 37153707 PMCID: PMC10159752 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subjective measures of auditory development are equally important as objective measures to obtain a realistic image of the hearing status in infants and toddlers. Objectives The objectives of the current study were to translate and validate the LittleEARS questionnaire into the Hindi language, to calculate its psychometric properties and establish a regression curve of the scores obtained as a function of age, to calculate the inter-test and test retest reliability of the same. The secondary objectives were to compare the scores obtained by the normal hearing children and those with hearing impairment and to plot a regression curve of total scores obtained by the hearing-impaired children as a function of the duration of auditory training attended since their first fit of the device. Materials and methods The procedures involved conventional translation, reverse translation, and content validation before administering the questionnaire. The translated version was administered to parents of 59 children with normal hearing and 41 children with hearing impairment. Results The finalized version had good reliability and efficient internal consistency with a Cronbach alpha value of 0.96. The mean scores obtained by the normal hearing children showed a progressive pattern as a function of age. Conclusion The LittleEARS questionnaire has been successfully translated and validated into the Hindi language with excellent validity and reliability and can be used for screening and early identification of hearing impairment and in evaluating the outcome of audiological treatment approaches.
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Universal Newborn Hearing Screening: An Indian Experience of Conceptualizing and Testing a Comprehensive Model. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:170-177. [PMID: 36032924 PMCID: PMC9411350 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-020-01937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been isolated attempts to implement newborn hearing screening at various setups across India. However, none of these attempts has followed a holistic model comprising of multiple components. Therefore, a need was felt to design and implement a comprehensive universal newborn hearing-screening model to, improve follow-up, and provide practically implementable solutions for developing economies. The model was conceptualized after a detailed preliminary planning level. Separate protocols for newborns from well-baby nursery and neonatal intensive care unit were implemented. Measures were implemented to improve follow-up. Knowledge, attitude, and practices survey followed by a sensitization program was carried out to highlight the importance of newborn hearing screening among the healthcare providers. A knowledge and attitude survey was also carried out among mothers. The estimated prevalence rate was 8.78 per 1000. Measures enabled an improved follow-up rate that lead to a reduced age of identification to 6 months. The surveys among mothers and healthcare providers helped to identify the lacunae in knowledge levels, which need to be filled in order to improve their attitudes. Thus, this was a successful model for universal newborn hearing screening comprising of two-stage screening, separate protocols, steps to improve follow-up, improving awareness among parents, sensitization programs, and surveys among mothers as well as healthcare providers.
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Perdrizet J, Farkouh RA, Horn EK, Hayford K, Sings HL, Wasserman MD. The broader impacts of otitis media and sequelae for informing economic evaluations of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:499-511. [PMID: 35191368 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Otitis media (OM) is a common childhood infection. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) prevent OM episodes, thereby reducing short- and long-term clinical, economic, humanistic, and societal consequences. Most economic evaluations of PCVs focus on direct health gains and cost savings from prevented acute episodes but do not fully account for the broader societal impacts of OM prevention. AREAS COVERED This review explores the broader burden of OM on children, caregivers, and society to better inform future economic evaluations of PCVs. EXPERT OPINION OM causes a substantial burden to society through long-term sequelae, productivity losses, reduced quality of life for children and caregivers, and contribution to antimicrobial resistance from inappropriate antibiotic use. The effect of PCVs on acute OM has been recognized globally, yet the broader impact has not been consistently quantified, studied, or communicated. Economic evaluations of PCVs must evolve to include broader effects for patients, caregivers, and society from OM prevention. Future PCVs with broader coverage may further reduce OM incidence and antimicrobial resistance, but optimal uptake will depend on increasing the recognition and use of novel frameworks that include broader benefits. Communicating the full value of PCVs to decision makers may result in wider access and positive societal returns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnna Perdrizet
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymond A Farkouh
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily K Horn
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyla Hayford
- Vaccines Medical Development and Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Pfizer, Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Heather L Sings
- Vaccines Medical Development and Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Pfizer, Inc., Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Matt D Wasserman
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
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Palma S, Roversi MF, Alberici MP, Negri M, Chiossi C, Berardi A, Genovese E. Newborn hearing screening programme based on an integrated hospital and community care system. Results of the first 4 years of activity. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 141:110554. [PMID: 33341716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Since January 2012, babies born in the province of Modena, Italy, have routinely undergone hearing testing as part of a two-stage screening programme. Newborn hearing screening (NHS) has been based on an integrated hospital and community care system and this study aims to assess screening coverage, referral rates, the prevalence, type and extent of hearing loss several years into the programme. Data were collected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015. Coverage was over 99% in all five facilities of the province. The ratio of "fails of the screening" to the total number of infants tested varied over the period from 1.2% to 0.9% in the third level facility, and from 0.8% to 0.4% in the other four. Although hearing loss was mainly associated with dysmorphic\syndromic diseases or a family history of hearing loss, some 23% of cases were identified with no known risk factors. We highlight the importance of the NHSP and the need for strong support from healthcare administrators to ensure high coverage. This is especially true since although the prevalence of hearing loss was higher among infants with audiological risk factors, several cases of hearing loss were found in newborns with no known risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Federica Roversi
- Paediatric Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Berardi
- Paediatric Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Genovese
- Audiology, Department of Diagnostic, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Kolethekkat AA, Al Abri R, Hlaiwah O, Al Harasi Z, Al Omrani A, Sulaiman AA, Al Bahlani H, Al Jaradi M, Mathew J. Limitations and drawbacks of the hospital-based universal neonatal hearing screening program: First report from the Arabian Peninsula and insights. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 132:109926. [PMID: 32036167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.109926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of the current universal neonatal hearing screening program in a tertiary medical institution in Oman, identify its limitations and drawbacks, and explore their causative factors. METHODS A retrospective review was carried out to analyse the hearing screening of 12,743 live babies born between January 2016 and December 2018. Screen coverage, drop outs, follow up rate, and age at completion of screening, diagnosis, and intervention were analysed. The results were compared with the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) performance quality indices. Prospective questionnaire-based telephonic interviews were then conducted with the parents or caregivers of neonates with hearing loss. Finally, the causes of loss to follow up or delays in hearing screenings, diagnosis, and/or early intervention were studied. RESULTS The true prevalence of hearing loss was 4.0 in 1000. The coverage of first-stage screening was 90% whereas the compliance with the second stage was 88.04%. 22.8% of the patients eventually obtained final diagnostic confirmation. The overall compliance with amplification was 30.2%. The completion ages of primary screening and final confirmation were 7.98 and 17.3 weeks respectively. The importance of hearing screening is well received by parents, but problems related to communication, delays in the appointment system, and inefficient follow up tracking were identified as the main limitations and drawbacks of the program. CONCLUSION The coverage of the neonatal hearing screening program had not yet reached the required goal of 95%. The performance indicators also fell below the international benchmark. There is a need to address the identified causative factors. Effective communication and well-maintained tracking systems need to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar Hlaiwah
- ENT Division, Department of Surgery, SQU Hospital, Oman
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John Mathew
- ENT Division, Department of Surgery, SQU Hospital, Oman
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Satish HS, Anil Kumar R, Viswanatha B. Screening of Newborn Hearing at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019; 71:1383-1390. [PMID: 31750182 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-018-1454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss can have a devastating impact on the cognitive development and psychological well-being of children and their families. Newborn hearing screening should be given special attention especially in a country like ours where the burden of this disability is heavy. Screening all newborns irrespective of risk factors helps in better detection, and hence further management can be initiated at appropriate time. To implement newborn hearing screening at Vanivilas hospital and to estimate the incidence of hearing loss among the high risk groups. To create awareness about the need for detecting childhood deafness among parents and general population. To develop a centre of excellence for evaluation, intervention and rehabilitation for hearing impaired in a tertiary care hospital. Prospective study. All neonates born in Vanivilas Hospital attached to Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute underwent hearing screening using four stage protocols with otoacoustic emission (OAE) tests and final confirmation with Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) tests. May 2015-May 2017. Number of newborns screened were 26,487, and 19 (0.717/1000) newborns were detected to have hearing impairment. The incidence of hearing loss among high risk group was 0.188/1000, and among the non risk group was 0.528/1000. Newborn hearing screening must be made mandatory and multi-staged protocol based screening for hearing loss should be implemented. This will make newborn screening programme more efficient and also will help in initiating treatment at an early stage so that further damage can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramabhadraiah Anil Kumar
- Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Fort, K.R. Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002 India
| | - Borlingegowda Viswanatha
- Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Fort, K.R. Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560002 India
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Olarte M, Bermúdez Rey MC, Beltran AP, Guerrero D, Suárez-Obando F, López G, García M, Ospina JC, Fonseca C, Bertolotto AM, Aldana N, Gelvez N, Tamayo ML. Detection of hearing loss in newborns: Definition of a screening strategy in Bogotá, Colombia. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 122:76-81. [PMID: 30978473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the results from the hearing screening protocol adopted in a Hospital in Colombia emphasizing the importance of performing screening on an outpatient basis, when the newborn is more than 24 h old. METHODS A prospective study at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in Bogota, Colombia was carried out, from May 1st, 2016 to Nov 30th, 2017, the study sample included 2.088 newborns examined using transient otoacoustic emissions. RESULTS We obtained written consent from the parents of 1.523 newborns and 24 individuals (1.6%) failed the first stage of the screening, nine cases unilateral and 15 bilateral. A total of nine neonates (0,6%) failed the second screening test, six cases unilateral and three bilateral. Four (0,3%) did not return to the second test. Our false altered screening rate was 0.7%. CONCLUSIONS In a developing country with limited human and economic resources, in which newborn early discharge is the norm, a newborn hearing screening program linked to infants' check-ups, that uses otoacoustic emissions after 48 h of life, seems a feasible option compare to the standard US protocol aiming to conduct hearing screening prior to discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Olarte
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - María Carolina Bermúdez Rey
- Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Angela P Beltran
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Diana Guerrero
- Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Fernando Suárez-Obando
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia; Servicio de Genética, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Greizy López
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Mary García
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Juan C Ospina
- Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia; Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Carol Fonseca
- Unidad de Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Ana M Bertolotto
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia; Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Nubia Aldana
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
| | - Nancy Gelvez
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia.
| | - Martha L Tamayo
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Carrera 7 # 40-62, Colombia
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Jatto ME, Ogunkeyede SA, Adeyemo AA, Adeagbo K, Saiki O. Mothers' perspectives of newborn hearing screening programme. Ghana Med J 2019; 52:158-162. [PMID: 30602802 DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v52i3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Newborn hearing screening programs identifies newborns with hearing loss. The early identification enables prompt intervention through hearing rehabilitation. Accurate knowledge of the program and its benefit will impact on the uptake of the program by the citizenry. We hypothesized that there is a gap in the knowledge of parents on hearing screening and rehabilitation measures in Nigeria. Aim To determine the knowledge and perceptions of mothers of newborn children on hearing screening. Methods A cross sectional observational study among mothers of newborn children at immunization clinics. Semi structured questionnaire on gestational duration, mode of delivery, birth asphyxia, knowledge on hearing loss and newborn hearing screening were administered. Results Participants were 48 mothers with age range from 18 to 42 years. Awareness of newborn hearing screening was poor among the mothers; sources of information on newborn hearing screening were antenatal clinic, mass media and friends. The educational level of the participants had no association with awareness (p = 0.11), but the willingness to accept newborn hearing screening, was associated with socioeconomic status (p = 0.04) and the level of education (p = 0.02). The participants were not aware of factors responsible for hearing loss in childhood. Conclusion There is inadequate knowledge about newborn hearing screening and risk factors for infant hearing loss among the mothers, though they demonstrate willingness to accept the newborn hearing screening. Funding None declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy E Jatto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Segun A Ogunkeyede
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebolajo A Adeyemo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Adeagbo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Orinami Saiki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Kanji A, Khoza-Shangase K, Moroe N. Newborn hearing screening protocols and their outcomes: A systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 115:104-109. [PMID: 30368368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a review of the most current research in objective measures used within newborn hearing screening protocols with the aim of exploring the actual protocols in terms of the types of measures used and their frequency of use within a protocol, as well as their outcomes in terms of sensitivity, specificity, false positives, and false negatives in different countries worldwide. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct were used for the literature search. A total of 422 articles were identified, of which only 15 formed part of the current study. The 15 articles that met the study's criteria were reviewed. Pertinent data and findings from the review were tabulated and qualitatively analysed under the following headings: country; objective screening and/or diagnostic measures; details of screening protocol; results (including false positive and negative findings, sensitivity and/or specificity), conclusion and/or recommendations. These tabulated findings were then discussed with conclusions and recommendations offered. RESULTS Findings reported in this paper are based on a qualitative rather than a quantitative analysis of the reviewed data. Generally, findings in this review revealed firstly, that there is a lack of uniformity in protocols adopted within newborn hearing screening. Secondly, many of the screening protocols reviewed consist of two or more tiers or stages, with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) being most commonly used. Thirdly, DPOAEs appear to be less commonly used when compared to TEOAEs. Lastly, a question around routine inclusion of AABR as part of the NHS protocol remains inconclusively answered. CONCLUSIONS There is sufficient evidence to suggest that the inclusion of AABR within a NHS programme is effective in achieving better hearing screening outcomes. The use of AABR in combination with OAEs within a test-battery approach or cross-check principle to screening is appropriate, but the inclusion of AABR to facilitate appropriate referral for diagnostic assessment needs to be systematically studied.
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Cai T, McPherson B. Hearing loss in children with otitis media with effusion: a systematic review. Int J Audiol 2016; 56:65-76. [DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1250960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Bradley McPherson
- Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Ravi R, Yerraguntla K, Gunjawate DR, Rajashekhar B, Lewis LE, Guddattu V. Knowledge and attitude (KA) survey regarding infant hearing loss in Karnataka, India. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 85:1-4. [PMID: 27240486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The support provided and the decisions taken by mothers determine the success of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS). Attempts at exploring the existing knowledge-attitude among mothers is crucial to create/modify the existing screening programs. The present study attempts to explore the knowledge and attitude toward infant hearing loss (HL) among mothers of newborns in the Indian state of Karnataka. METHOD A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 219 mothers of newborns in Karnataka, India. The questionnaire was framed from existing literature and consisted of 19 questions assessing knowledge and attitude toward infant HL to be rated on a three-point scale (no, not sure, yes). Descriptive statistics and Cronbach's α were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Mothers exhibited good knowledge of risk factors; noise (70.3%) and ear discharge (54.3%). More than 75% agreed that treatment for HL is available and that these children can attend school. The questions of superstitions and cultural beliefs yielded mixed responses. A large number of mothers expressed desire to have their children tested at birth (84.9%) and were concerned about their children's hearing (87.7%). Yet only 54.3% stated that they would allow their children to wear hearing aids. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The present study is an attempt to understand the knowledge and attitude of mothers toward infant HL in Karnataka and facilitate identification of potential areas of less knowledge as a reference for endeavors of enhancement. It further highlights the need for implementing public awareness programs to improve knowledge and attitude of mothers toward infant HL for better implementation of UNHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Ravi
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Krishna Yerraguntla
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhanshree R Gunjawate
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bellur Rajashekhar
- Department of Speech and Hearing, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Leslie E Lewis
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudeva Guddattu
- Department of Statistics at Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Störbeck C, Young A. The HI HOPES data set of deaf children under the age of 6 in South Africa: maternal suspicion, age of identification and newborn hearing screening. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:45. [PMID: 27004530 PMCID: PMC4804475 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of deafness before 3 months of age substantially improves the socio-linguistic and cognitive development of deaf children. Existing studies demonstrating the feasibility of newborn hearing screening in South Africa have used small samples unrepresentative of general population characteristics. This study establishes the characteristics of the largest data set of deaf infants and their families in South Africa on which there is baseline and longitudinal data (n = 532); explores its representativeness in terms of socio-demographic features and reports on access to and quality of newborn hearing screening within the sample. It examines specifically the relationship between age of maternal suspicion of childhood deafness and age of identification of deafness by cohort characteristics. Methods Secondary analysis, using descriptive and inferential statistics, of a pre-existing longitudinal data set (n = 532) of deaf infants under 6 years of age, and their families, collected as routine monitoring of the HI HOPES (HH) early intervention programme. Results The HH cohort is representative in terms of racial profile and private/public health care use but displays slightly higher level of maternal education and slightly lower socio-economic status than national comparators. 102 out of 532 infants had undergone newborn hearing screening, resulting in 29 true positives, 15 of whom would have met the criteria for targeted screening. Later onset deafness does not account for the 73 false negatives. The median age of maternal suspicion (n = 247) of infant deafness was 18 months; the median age of identification of 28 months. Age of identification was unrelated to private/public health care status. The median delay between age of suspicion and age of identification was significantly longer in the public sector (7 m; IQR 0–15 m) compared to the private sector (2 m; IQR 0–8.5 m) (p = 0.035). Age of suspicion was unrelated to level of maternal education. Earlier age of suspicion did not predict earlier identification. Conclusion Targeted screening as timely response to maternal suspicion offers a viable means to reduce substantially the age of identification of deafness in South Africa until implementation of newborn hearing screening on a population-wide basis can be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Störbeck
- Centre for Deaf Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Wozani Building, Education Campus, 27 St Andrew's Road, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alys Young
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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Mincarone P, Leo CG, Sabina S, Costantini D, Cozzolino F, Wong JB, Latini G. Evaluating reporting and process quality of publications on UNHS: a systematic review of programmes. BMC Pediatr 2015. [PMID: 26198353 PMCID: PMC4511235 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital hearing loss is one of the most frequent birth defects, and Early Detection and Intervention has been found to improve language outcomes. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) established quality of care process indicators and benchmarks for Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS). We have aggregated some of these indicators/benchmarks according to the three pillars of universality, timely detection and overreferral. When dealing with inter-comparison, relying on complete and standardised literature data becomes crucial. The purpose of this paper is to verify whether literature data on UNHS programmes have included sufficient information to allow inter-programme comparisons according to the indicators considered. Methods We performed a systematic search identifying UNHS studies and assessing the quality of programmes. Results The identified 12 studies demonstrated heterogeneity in criteria for referring to further examinations during the screening phase and in identifying high-risk neonates, protocols, tests, staff, and testing environments. Our systematic review also highlighted substantial variability in reported performance data. In order to optimise the reporting of screening protocols and process performance, we propose a checklist. Another result is the difficulty in guaranteeing full respect for the criteria of universality, timely detection and overreferral. Conclusions Standardisation in reporting UNHS experiences may also have a positive impact on inter-program comparisons, hence favouring the emergence of recognised best practices. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0404-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Mincarone
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies, National Research Council, Rome, 00185, Italy.
| | - Carlo Giacomo Leo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Lecce, 73100, Italy. .,Division of Clinical Decision Making, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Saverio Sabina
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
| | - Daniele Costantini
- Newborn Hearing Screening Service, Azienda USL7 Siena, Siena, 53100, Italy.
| | | | - John B Wong
- Division of Clinical Decision Making, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. .,School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Giuseppe Latini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Lecce, 73100, Italy. .,Division of Neonatology, "Perrino" Hospital, ASL Brindisi, Brindisi, 72100, Italy.
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Neurocognitive development in congenitally deaf children. THE HUMAN AUDITORY SYSTEM - FUNDAMENTAL ORGANIZATION AND CLINICAL DISORDERS 2015; 129:335-56. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62630-1.00019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Is hearing loss in infants associated with risk factors? Evaluation of the frequency of risk factors. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 7:260-3. [PMID: 25436043 PMCID: PMC4240481 DOI: 10.3342/ceo.2014.7.4.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of risk factors and their influence on the evoked otoacoustic emission (OAE) of infants. METHODS All newborns between November 2009 and June 2012 in Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital were tested on distortion evoked OAE screening test. Total of 2,284 infants were examined. Sex, maternal infectious disease, birth type (vaginal birth or caesarean sectio), birth weight, familial hearing loss, intermarriage of parents, hyperbilirubinemia, intensive care were analyzed as risk factors. RESULTS Total of 2,284 neonates were screened (1,220 males and 1,064 females) for the presence of OAE in both ears. Vaginal delivery, maternal infections during pregnancy, intermarriage of parents relative, low birth weight(<1,500 g) are related risk factors to failure of screening with OAE in our study. There was no statistically significant difference in sex ratios, birth weight, familial hearing loss, hyperbilirubinemia, and intensive care stay. CONCLUSION Risk factors are only as useful as their predictive power. Not enough is known about which risk factors are relevant, which babies have the risk factors, or which babies will fail to attend follow-up, the effectiveness of targeted hearing loss testing is questionable at this point in time. A system needs to be developed to clarify which risk factors are discoverable, predictive and useful.
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Khoza-Shangase K, Joubert K. The influence of epidural anesthesia on new-born hearing screening: A pilot study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011; 3:135-41. [PMID: 21430964 PMCID: PMC3053511 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.76493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The main aim was to establish if epidural anesthesia had an influence on new-born hearing screening results in newborns born via elective Cesarean section in healthy pregnancies. Specific objectives included determining screening results in a group of newborns born to mothers who had undergone epidural anesthesia during Cesarean section childbirth (experimental group); and comparing the findings with those of a group of newborns born to mothers who had undergone natural delivery without epidural anesthesia (comparison group); while establishing if the time of screening following delivery had any effect on the overall screening results. Materials and Methods: The above objectives were achieved through the use of a prospective quasi-experimental repeated measures design with a comparison group, where 40 newborns (20 in the experimental and 20 in the comparison group) were screened at three different times through transient otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) measures. All participants were screened while resting quietly in open bassinets in an empty new-born nursery. For both test measures, the results were recorded as either pass or refer. Data were analyzed through both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings indicated that hearing screening earlier than four hours after birth, for both the experimental and comparison groups yielded more false positive findings than testing conducted after 24 hours. An index of suspicion in relation to the influence of epidural anesthesia on Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR), when conducted less than four hours after birth, was raised, as statistically significant findings (P<0.05) were obtained. Conclusions: The findings have implications for timing of screening where universal newborn hearing screening is being implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katijah Khoza-Shangase
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to obtain the mean hearing thresholds among school-age children residing in the Datong and Jhongshan Districts of Taipei City, Taiwan. DESIGN Hearing thresholds were obtained from a stratified sample of 1411 students in grades 1, 4, 7, and 10 based on their participation in the annual health examination of school-age children carried out by the Taipei City Government. After otoscopic examination, audiometric testing was undertaken at 0.5 to 4 kHz along with tympanometric screening. The means and SDs obtained from these examinations are reported by grade, gender, ear, and frequency. RESULTS The mean hearing thresholds ranged between 6.8 and 16.7 dB HL, with the highest (poorest) hearing threshold being obtained at a test frequency of 0.5 kHz. At all the tested frequencies, the hearing thresholds of boys were found to be higher than those of girls. Logistic regressions demonstrating that those students with the highest odds ratios of hearing loss were to be found in the sample of children in grade 1. The odds ratios of hearing loss were also found to be higher among boys than girls and for the left ear rather than the right. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the mean thresholds among the study sample were well above (meaning poorer) the pure-tone average of 15 dB HL, as recommended in a previous study. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the need to further determine the etiology of hearing loss among children in grades 1, 4, 7, and 10 in the Datong and Jhongshan Districts of Taipei City and perhaps Taiwan.
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Olusanya BO, Bamigboye BA. Is discordance in TEOAE and AABR outcomes predictable in newborns? Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 74:1303-9. [PMID: 20828836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the perinatal predictors of discordant screening outcomes based on a two-stage screening protocol with transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR). METHODS A cross-sectional study of infants tested with TEOAE and AABR under a hospital-based universal newborn hearing screening program in Lagos, Nigeria. Maternal and infant factors associated with discordant TEOAE and AABR outcomes were determined with multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Of the 4718 infants enrolled under the program 1745 (36.9%) completed both TEOAE and AABR. Of this group, 1060 (60.7%) passed both TEOAE and AABR ("true-negatives"); 92 (5.3%) failed both TEOAE and AABR ("true-positive"); 571 (32.7%) failed TEOAE but passed AABR ("false-positives") while 22 (1.3%) passed TEOAE but failed AABR ("false-negatives"). Infants with false-positives were likely to be admitted into well-baby nursery (p=0.001), belong to mothers who attended antenatal care (p=0.010) or who delivered vaginally (p<0.001) compared to infants with true-negatives while infants with true-positives were also more likely to be delivered vaginally (p=0.002) or admitted into well-baby nursery (p=0.035) compared to infants with false-negatives. Infants with true-positives were significantly more likely to be delivered vaginally (p<0.001) and have severe hyperbilirubinemia (p=0.045) compared with infants with true-negatives. No association was observed between false-negatives and true-negatives. Antenatal care status, mode of delivery and nursery type were useful predictors of discordant outcomes among all infants undergoing screening (c-statistic=0.73). CONCLUSIONS Given the available screening technologies, discordant TEOAE and AABR may be inevitable for some categories of hearing loss among apparently healthy newborns whose mothers received prenatal care. The potential limitations of perinatal morbidities as basis of targeted screening for such cases therefore merit further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolajoko O Olusanya
- Maternal and Child Health Unit, Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Olusanya BO. Ambient noise levels and infant hearing screening programs in developing countries: An observational report. Int J Audiol 2010; 49:535-41. [DOI: 10.3109/14992021003717768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Evaluation of an automated auditory brainstem response in a multi-stage infant hearing screening. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 267:1199-205. [PMID: 20148257 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-010-1209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) method, the Maico MB-11 with BERAphone, has been developed for hearing screening in newborns. The aim of this study was to test the validity of this automated ABR screening method in a multistage newborn hearing screening (NHS). We applied a "five level" protocol using transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE), AABR-MB-11 with BERAphone and conventional auditory brainstem response (ABR). TEOAE, AABR, and conventional ABR testing were performed by ENT specialists experienced in neonatal screening techniques. Among the 8,671 newborns tested (males 3,889; females 4,782), only 42 newborns were lost to follow-up and the final false-positive rate was of 0.03%. Our experience highlights that for the neonatal period, conventional auditory brainstem response is the most reliable method for assessing the hearing level and minimizing the false-positive rate. Although AABR (performed by ENT specialists experienced in neonatal screening techniques) is easy to use, fast and with a good compliance, the device is unable to provide accurate and certain diagnosis on the degree of hearing loss to allow a proper treatment.
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Olusanya BO, Somefun AO. Place of birth and characteristics of infants with congenital and early-onset hearing loss in a developing country. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 73:1263-9. [PMID: 19540001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the characteristics of infants with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and the relationship with place of birth. METHODS Subjects were drawn from hospital-based and community-based universal infant hearing screening programs concurrently conducted from May 2005 to April 2008 in Lagos, Nigeria. Maternal and infant characteristics of children born in hospitals and detected with SNHL were compared with those born outside hospitals. Each program consisted of a first-stage screening with transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) followed by second-stage automated auditory brainstem response (AABR). Hearing status was confirmed by diagnostic auditory brainstem response, tympanometry and visual response audiometry. RESULTS A total of 4718 infants were screened under the hospital-based program out of which 12 (0.3%) infants were confirmed with SNHL whereas 71 (1.0%) of the 7179 infants screened under the community-based program were confirmed with SNHL. Of all infants with SNHL 39 (47.0%) were born in hospitals suggesting that 27 (38.0%) of infants under the community-based program were born in hospitals. Prevalence of SNHL ranged from 4.0 per 1000 among infants born in government hospitals to 23 per 1000 among those born in family homes. Mothers of those born outside hospitals were significantly likely to belong to the Yoruba tribe (p<0.001), use herbal medications in pregnancy (p<0.001), deliver vaginally (p=0.004) but without skilled attendants at delivery (p<0.001). There were no significant differences among the infants themselves except that those born outside hospitals were significantly likely to be detected in the first 3 months of life compared to those born in hospitals (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of infants with SNHL in many developing countries are likely to be born outside hospitals thus underscoring the need for community-oriented UNHS to facilitate early detection and intervention. Conventional risk factors for SNHL are unlikely to discriminate across places of birth. Pediatricians and otolaryngologists should consider a more active role in fostering community-oriented delivery of primary ear care services in this and similar settings in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolajoko O Olusanya
- Maternal and Child Health Unit, Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Swanepoel D, Störbeck C, Friedland P. Early hearing detection and intervention in South Africa. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 73:783-6. [PMID: 19187975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Early hearing detection and intervention programs have become the standard of care to ensure optimal outcomes for infants with hearing loss, their families and society at large. The overwhelming majority of infants with congenital or early-onset permanent bilateral hearing loss are however born in developing countries like South Africa where services are scarce and awareness poor. Despite its comparatively well-developed economic and reasonably developed health care infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa, limited information on infant hearing loss and the status of early hearing detection and intervention has been available for South Africa. Recently however, an increasing number of initiatives and reports have highlighted the extent of infant hearing loss and the status of identification and intervention services offered in the country. This report provides a review of the available evidence on infant hearing loss and the status of current early hearing detection and intervention services in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeWet Swanepoel
- Department of Communication Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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