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Shen Y, Shi Z, Yan B. Carboxylesterases: Pharmacological Inhibition Regulated Expression and Transcriptional Involvement of Nuclear Receptors and other Transcription Factors. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.32527/2019/101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Shen
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zhanquan Shi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Chen XP, Long X, Jia WL, Wu HJ, Zhao J, Liang HF, Laurence A, Zhu J, Dong D, Chen Y, Lin L, Xia YD, Li WY, Li GB, Zhao ZK, Wu K, Hou Y, Yu JJ, Xiao W, Wang GP, Zhu PC, Chen W, Bai MZ, Jian YX, Kristiansen K, Chen Q. Viral integration drives multifocal HCC during the occult HBV infection. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:261. [PMID: 31200735 PMCID: PMC6570863 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although the prognosis of patients with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is usually benign, a small portion may undergo cirrhosis and subsequently hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We studied the mechanism of life-long Integration of virus DNA into OBI host's genome, of which may induce hepatocyte transformation. METHODS We applied HBV capture sequencing on single cells from an OBI patient who, developed multiple HCC tumors and underwent liver resection in May 2013 at Tongji Hospital in China. Despite with the undetectable virus DNA in serum, we determined the pattern of viral integration in tumor cells and adjacent non-tumor cells and obtained the details of the viral arrangement in host genome, and furthermore the HBV integrated region in cancer genome. RESULTS HBV captured sequencing of tissues and individual cells revealed that samples from multiple tumors shared two viral integration sites that could affect three host genes, including CSMD2 on chr1 and MED30/EXT1 on chr8. Whole genome sequencing further indicated one hybrid chromosome formed by HBV integrations between chr1 and chr8 that was shared by multiple tumors. Additional 50 poorly differentiated liver tumors and the paired adjacent non-tumors were evaluated and functional studies suggested up-regulated EXT1 expression promoted HCC growth. We further observed that the most somatic mutations within the tumor cell genome were common among the multiple tumors, suggesting that HBV associated, multifocal HCC is monoclonal in origin. CONCLUSION Through analyzing the HBV integration sites in multifocal HCC, our data suggested that the tumor cells were monoclonal in origin and formed in the absence of active viral replication, whereas the affected host genes may subsequently contribute to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Chen
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xin Long
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wen-long Jia
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han-Jie Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW2007 Australia
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Copenhagen, Universitesparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Arian Laurence
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust at Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, UK
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY USA
| | - Dong Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Long Lin
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yu-Dong Xia
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wei-Yang Li
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Gui-Bo Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering at South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Zhao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering at Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kui Wu
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yong Hou
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Jing-Jing Yu
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wei Xiao
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Guo-Ping Wang
- The Department of Pathology at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhu
- The Department of Pathology at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Ming-Zhou Bai
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yi-Xing Jian
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST; Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Copenhagen, Universitesparken 13, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qian Chen
- The Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430030 China
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Radwan NA, Ahmed NS. The diagnostic value of arginase-1 immunostaining in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma as compared to HepPar-1. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:149. [PMID: 23111165 PMCID: PMC3500209 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from metastatic carcinoma (MC) involving the liver and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) by immunohistochemistry has been limited by the lack of a reliable positive marker for hepatocellular differentiation. Arginase-1 is a marker for HCC recently described in some literature. Aim To examine the immunohistochemical staining of arginase-1 in cases of HCC, MC involving the liver and CC as compared to hepatocyte paraffin antigen -1 (HepPar-1) in an attempt to further define the diagnostic utility of arginase-1 in differentiating these tumors. Materials and methods A comparative immunohistochemical study of arginase-1 and HepPar-1expression was performed in 50 HCC cases, 38 cases of MC to the liver from varying sites, 12 cases of CC and 10 specimens of normal liver tissues. The predictive capacity of arginase-1 and HepPar-1 staining was determined using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value calculations. Results All normal liver tissues (no=10), non- neoplastic cirrhotic liver tissues adjacent to HCC (no=42) as well as those adjacent to MC (no= 9) showed diffuse and strong immunostaining for both arginase-1 and HepPar-1. Arginase-1 demonstrated positive immunoreactivity in 42 of 50 (84%) cases of HCC compared with 35 of 50 (70%) for HepPar-1. Only one of 38 (2.6%) cases of MC and one of 12 (8.3%) cases of CC showed positive immunoreactivity for arginase-1. In contrast, HepPar-1 immunoreactivity was detected in 6 of 38 (15.8%) cases of MC and in 2 of 12 (16.7%) cases of CC. Arginase -1 showed a significantly higher sensitivity for HCC diagnosis (84%) compared to HepPar -1(70%) (p=0.016). The specificity of arginase-1 for HCC diagnosis was higher (96%) than that of HepPar -1 (84%); nevertheless, this was not statistically significant (p=0.109). Howerver, the combination of both immunomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC, raised the specificity to 100%. Conclusion Arginase-1 immunostaining has a higher sensitivity and specificity than HepPar-1 for HCC diagnosis. Furthermore, the combined use of arginase-1 and HepPar-1 can provide a potentially promising tool to improve the accuracy in distinguishing HCC from metastatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:
http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9991436558072434.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal A Radwan
- Pathology Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Timek DT, Shi J, Liu H, Lin F. Arginase-1, HepPar-1, and Glypican-3 are the most effective panel of markers in distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic tumor on fine-needle aspiration specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2012; 138:203-10. [PMID: 22904131 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpk1zc9wnhccmu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinction of liver metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may present a diagnostic challenge. Arginase-1 (Arg-1) is a marker for HCC recently described in some literature. Immunohistochemical evaluation of Arg-1, hepatocyte paraffin-1 (HepPar-1), and glypican-3 expression was performed on 1,240 surgical specimens and 62 liver fine-needle aspiration specimens (29 HCCs, 28 metastatic tumors, and 5 benign liver cases). The staining results on tissue microarray sections showed that 2.7% and 3.1% of nonhepatic tumor cases were positive for HepPar-1 and glypican-3, respectively; none was positive for Arg-1. For fine-needle aspiration specimens, 19 HCCs were positive for all 3 markers; 9 were positive for 1 or 2 markers; and only 1 case was negative for all 3 markers. These data demonstrate that Arg-1 is the most specific marker in differentiating a non-HCC from HCC. It is recommended to use 3 markers as a panel in distinguishing HCC from metastatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fan Lin
- Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA
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Spectrum of Disorders Associated with Elevated Serum IgG4 Levels Encountered in Clinical Practice. Int J Rheumatol 2012; 2012:232960. [PMID: 22693517 PMCID: PMC3368193 DOI: 10.1155/2012/232960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently described systemic fibroinflammatory disease associated with elevated circulating levels of IgG4 and manifests a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Although serum IgG4 level has been described to be the most sensitive and specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of IgG4-RD, it is recognized that an elevated serum IgG4 level can be encountered in other diseases. In this study, we sought to identify the frequency of IgG4-RD and other disease associations in patients with elevated serum IgG4 levels seen in clinical practice. Among 3,300 patients who underwent IgG subclass testing over a 2-year period from January 2009 to December 2010, 158 (4.8%) had an elevated serum IgG4 level (>140 mg/dL). IgG4 subclass testing was performed for evaluation of suspected IgG4-RD or immunodeficiency. Twenty-nine patients (18.4%) had definite or possible IgG4-RD. Among those patients without IgG4-RD, a broad spectrum of biliary tract, pancreatic, liver, and lung diseases, as well as systemic vasculitis, was diagnosed. We conclude that patients with elevated serum IgG4 levels encountered in clinical practice manifest a wide array of disorders, and only a small minority of them has IgG4-RD.
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