Nocturia causes vary with each decade

The effect of long-term COVID-19 on aetiological factors related to nocturia

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

This study was conducted to examine the possible aetiology of nocturia in patients with long-term COVID-19.

BACKGROUND

Physical and neuropsychiatric symptoms, an increase in overactive bladder symptoms, especially from urinary system complaints, has been reported in patients with COVID-19, 10-14 weeks after the illness.

DESIGN

A descriptive design.

METHODS

The study consisted of 70 patients who had experienced COVID-19, had nocturia, and were followed in the State Hospital between April and July 2022. Data were collected using a patient information form, the 'TANGO' nocturia screening tool, and the Visual Analog Scale. This study was created in accordance with the STROBE Statement Checklist.

RESULTS

When the nocturia effects of long-term COVID-19 were examined it was determined that the urinary tract was the 'priority' aetiological condition. It was observed that there was a significant difference between the aetiological factor groups in terms of the mean age of the patients and the number of nocturia (p < .05). According to post-hoc analysis, the mean age of patients with a dominant cardio-metabolic factor was found to be significantly younger (p < .05). In addition, when comparing the number of nocturia according to the aetiological factors of the patients, it was observed that the number of nocturia was significantly frequent in the patients with a dominant sleep factor (p < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

It was found that the urinary tract aetiological factor was dominant in patients with long-term COVID-19 and nocturia, patients with a dominant cardiovascular aetiological factor were younger, and that the number of nocturia was higher in patients with a dominant sleep factor.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Identification of the early signs and symptoms and underlying causes of nocturia in individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome will enable nurses and health professionals to guide the early identification of different underlying problems, as well as the implementation of approaches to treat and eliminate nocturia.

PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION

The patients contributed to the study by agreeing to participate in the evaluation of nocturia complaints after COVID-19 infection.

Nocturia: its characteristics, diagnostic algorithm and treatment

Nocturia is the complaint that an individual has to wake up at night one or more times to urinate. It is a frequent condition among older adults and entails detrimental effects with regard to sleeping, sexual activity, comfort, depression, mental function and vitality. It is clinically important to distinguish it from global polyuria, defined as a urinary rate ≥ 125 ml/h (3000 ml/day), as well as from nocturnal polyuria, which is an abnormally large volume of urine during sleep associated with a decreased daytime urine production. A Frequency Volume Chart (FVC), overnight water deprivation test with renal concentrating capacity test, and the nocturnal bladder capacity index are some of the methods that help establish the underlying pathology of this condition and hence define an adequate treatment plan.

Nocturia: risk factors and associated comorbidities; findings from the EpiLUTS study

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the risk factors and comorbidities associated with nocturia in men and women aged ≥ 40 years.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The EpiLUTS study was an Internet-based cross-sectional, population-representative survey involving 30,000 men and women from the USA, UK and Sweden evaluating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using the LUTS Tool. A secondary analysis of the EpiLUTS data using participants with nocturia was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the data. Logistic regressions were used to analyse associations of comorbid conditions and risk factors in men and women with nocturia ≥ 2.

RESULTS

With a 59% response rate, nocturia ≥ 1 was quite common at 69% in men and 76% in women; 28% men and 34% women had nocturia ≥ 2. Age, body mass index (in women), Hispanic and Black responders, diabetes, high blood pressure, anxiety and depression and a history of bed-wetting were significantly associated with nocturia ≥ 2. Arthritis, asthma, diabetes, heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease, bladder infection, uterine prolapse, hysterectomy and menopausal status were all significantly associated with nocturia ≥ 2 in women. Prostatitis and prostate cancer were significant in men with nocturia ≥ 2. British and Swedish participants had a lesser risk of nocturia ≥ 2.

CONCLUSION

Nocturia is a highly prevalent condition associated with various risk factors and comorbidities. Treatment of nocturia should be aimed at these causes in a multidisciplinary fashion. Further studies are needed to look specifically at these conditions in the pathophysiology of nocturia.

Management of nocturia in the female

Nocturia is a common but overlooked lower urinary tract symptom that substantially reduces patient health and quality of life. Though traditionally viewed as occurring predominantly in males, nocturia has been found to be equally as prevalent in females. The recent emphasis on the importance of nocturia has resulted in a surge of research studies, providing a foundation for current and future management decisions. In this review, we describe the current recommendations for the female patient in light of the most recently published studies, including a unique interest in predicting treatment response.

Managing depression in Parkinson’s patients: risk factors and clinical pearls

SUMMARY 

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is on the rise as the world’s population ages. As our understanding of the disease increases, depression has emerged as a common syndrome in this population that significantly reduces quality of life, making its understanding, recognition and treatment an important area of focus for clinicians and researchers alike. It is hypothesized that depression is a consequence of the disease process itself, sometimes developing prior to the onset of motor symptoms. Many of the diagnostic tools and treatments for depression have not been fully evaluated in the PD population. However, several traditional diagnostic interviews and depression rating scales have been used in recent clinical trials. These study results suggest that some of the currently available antidepressant medications may be effective and well tolerated in this population. This paper reviews our understanding of depression in PD as well as the current recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment.