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Rausch M, Rutz A, Allard PM, Delucinge-Vivier C, Docquier M, Dormond O, Wolfender JL, Nowak-Sliwinska P. Molecular and Functional Analysis of Sunitinib-Resistance Induction in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6467. [PMID: 34208775 PMCID: PMC8235637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) against sunitinib is a multifaceted process encompassing numerous molecular aberrations. This induces clinical complications, reducing the treatment success. Understanding these aberrations helps us to select an adapted treatment strategy that surpasses resistance mechanisms, reverting the treatment insensitivity. In this regard, we investigated the dominant mechanisms of resistance to sunitinib and validated an optimized multidrug combination to overcome this resistance. Human ccRCC cells were exposed to single or chronic treatment with sunitinib to obtain three resistant clones. Upon manifestation of sunitinib resistance, morphometric changes in the cells were observed. At the molecular level, the production of cell membrane and extracellular matrix components, chemotaxis, and cell cycle progression were dysregulated. Molecules enforcing the cell cycle progression, i.e., cyclin A, B1, and E, were upregulated. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed the intra- and extracellular presence of N-desethyl sunitinib, the active metabolite. Lysosomal sequestration of sunitinib was confirmed. After treatment with a synergistic optimized drug combination, the cell metabolic activity in Caki-1-sunitinib-resistant cells and 3D heterotypic co-cultures was reduced by >80%, remaining inactive in non-cancerous cells. These results demonstrate geno- and phenotypic changes in response to sunitinib treatment upon resistance induction. Mimicking resistance in the laboratory served as a platform to study drug responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rausch
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.R.); (A.R.); (P.-M.A.); (J.-L.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Rutz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.R.); (A.R.); (P.-M.A.); (J.-L.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.R.); (A.R.); (P.-M.A.); (J.-L.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Mylène Docquier
- iGE3 Genomics Platform, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.D.-V.); (M.D.)
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Dormond
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.R.); (A.R.); (P.-M.A.); (J.-L.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (M.R.); (A.R.); (P.-M.A.); (J.-L.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Xu Y, Zhu MR, Zhang JY, Si GM, Lv JJ. Knockdown of ubiquitin‑specific peptidase 39 inhibits the malignant progression of human renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:4729-4735. [PMID: 29328477 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific peptidase 39 (USP39) serves important roles in mRNA processing and is involved in tumorigenesis of multiple solid malignancies. However, the influence and underlying mechanism of USP39 on human renal cell carcinomas (RCC) remain to be elucidated. The current study investigated the functional roles of USP39 in human RCC cell lines. siRNA‑mediated RNA interference was used to downregulate USP39 in RCC cells. CCK‑8, wound healing and invasion assays were performed to assess the proliferative ability and metastatic potential. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. The activity of signaling pathways and the expression of cell cycle‑related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. The siRNA‑directed RNA interference targeting USP39 could effectively downregulate the expression level of USP39 in two RCC cell lines. Depletion of USP39 by siRNA significantly suppressed cell growth and decreased invasive capacity of RCC cells. Silencing of USP39 induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Additionally, the expression levels of apoptotic and G2/M phase‑related proteins were notably decreased following depletion of USP39. Mechanistically, downregulation of USP39 blocked the activation of Akt and extracellular signal regulated kinase signaling pathways in RCC cells. These findings indicate that USP39 may serve as an oncogenic factor in RCC and could be a potential therapeutic candidate for human RCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Rong Zhu
- Department of Urology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Min Si
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ju Lv
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Tomida C, Aibara K, Yamagishi N, Yano C, Nagano H, Abe T, Ohno A, Hirasaka K, Nikawa T, Teshima-Kondo S. The malignant progression effects of regorafenib in human colon cancer cells. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2017; 62:195-8. [PMID: 26399347 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.62.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A number of anti-angiogenic drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGF-R) have developed and enabled significant advances in cancer therapy including colorectal cancer. However, acquired resistance to the drugs occurs, leading to disease progression, such as invasion and metastasis. How tumors become the resistance and promote their malignancy remains fully uncertain. One of possible mechanisms for the resistance and the progression may be the direct effect of VEGF-R inhibitors on tumor cells expressing VEGF-R. We investigated here the direct effect of a VEGF-R-targeting agent, regorafenib, which is the first small molecule inhibitor of VEGF-Rs for the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer, on phenotype changes in colon cancer HCT116 cells. Treatment of cells with regorafenib for only 2 days activated cell migration and invasion, while vehicle-treated control cells showed less activity. Intriguingly, chronic exposure to regorafenib for 90 days dramatically increased migration and invasion activities and induced a resistance to hypoxia-induced apoptosis. These results suggest that loss of VEGF signaling in cancer cells may induce the acquired resistance to VEGF/VEGF-R targeting therapy by gaining two major malignant phenotypes, apoptosis resistance and activation of migration/invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Tomida
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
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Tomida C, Yamagishi N, Aibara K, Yano C, Uchida T, Abe T, Ohno A, Hirasaka K, Nikawa T, Teshima-Kondo S. Chronic exposure of VEGF inhibitors promotes the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2015; 62:75-9. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.62.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Tomida
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Naoko Yamagishi
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Kana Aibara
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Chiaki Yano
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Takayuki Uchida
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Tomoki Abe
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Ayako Ohno
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Katsuya Hirasaka
- Graduate school of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
| | - Shigetada Teshima-Kondo
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School
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Yamagishi N, Teshima-Kondo S, Masuda K, Nishida K, Kuwano Y, Dang DT, Dang LH, Nikawa T, Rokutan K. Chronic inhibition of tumor cell-derived VEGF enhances the malignant phenotype of colorectal cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:229. [PMID: 23651517 PMCID: PMC3658959 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor-a (VEGF)-targeted therapies have become an important treatment for a number of human malignancies. The VEGF inhibitors are actually effective in several types of cancers, however, the benefits are transiently, and the vast majority of patients who initially respond to the therapies will develop resistance. One of possible mechanisms for the acquired resistance may be the direct effect(s) of VEGF inhibitors on tumor cells expressing VEGF receptors (VEGFR). Thus, we investigated here the direct effect of chronic VEGF inhibition on phenotype changes in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Methods To chronically inhibit cancer cell-derived VEGF, human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and RKO) were chronically exposed (2 months) to an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) or were disrupted the Vegf gene (VEGF-KO). Effects of VEGF family members were blocked by treatment with a VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI). Hypoxia-induced apoptosis under VEGF inhibited conditions was measured by TUNEL assay. Spheroid formation ability was assessed using a 3-D spheroid cell culture system. Results Chronic inhibition of secreted/extracellular VEGF by an anti-VEGF mAb redundantly increased VEGF family member (PlGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2), induced a resistance to hypoxia-induced apoptosis, and increased spheroid formation ability. This apoptotic resistance was partially abrogated by a VEGFR-TKI, which blocked the compensate pathway consisted of VEGF family members, or by knockdown of Vegf mRNA, which inhibited intracellular function(s) of all Vegf gene products. Interestingly, chronic and complete depletion of all Vegf gene products by Vegf gene knockout further augmented these phenotypes in the compensate pathway-independent manner. These accelerated phenotypes were significantly suppressed by knockdown of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α that was up-regulated in the VEGF-KO cell lines. Conclusions Our findings suggest that chronic inhibition of tumor cell-derived VEGF accelerates tumor cell malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Yamagishi
- Department of Physiological Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Zhang N, Wu P, Shayiremu D, Wu L, Shan H, Ye L, Zhao X, Cai J, Jiang WG, Gong K, Yang Y. Suppression of renal cell carcinoma growth in vivo by forced expression of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1664-73. [PMID: 23545578 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) has been associated with tumor-related vasculature in certain malignancies. However, its implication in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), an angiogenesis-dependent tumor, remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role played by VEGI in RCC. The expression of VEGI was examined in human renal tissue and RCC cell lines using immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR, respectively. The biological impact of modifying the expression of VEGI in RCC cells was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models. We show that VEGI mRNA is expressed in a wide variety of human RCC cell lines, all of normal renal and most of RCC tissue specimens. VEGI protein expression was observed in normal renal tubular epithelial cells, but was decreased or absent in RCC specimens, particularly in tumors with high grade. Moreover, forced expression of VEGI led to an inhibition of vascular endothelial tube formation, decrease in the motility and adhesion of RCC cells in vitro. Interestingly, forced expression of VEGI had no bearing on growth, apoptosis and invasive capacity of RCC cells. However, tumor growth was reduced in xenograft models. Immunohistochemical staining showed that microvessel density decreased in VEGI forced expression xenograft tumor samples. Taken together, our findings showed that the expression of VEGI is decreased in RCC, particularly in tumors with higher grade. Together with its inhibitory effect on cellular motility, adhesion, vascular endothelial tube formation and tumor growth in vivo, this suggests that VEGI functions mainly through inhibition of angiogenesis and is a negative regulator of aggressiveness during the development and progression of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China
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Bellmunt J, Eisen T, Fishman M, Quinn D. Experience with sorafenib and adverse event management. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2011; 78:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Minamida S, Iwamura M, Kodera Y, Kawashima Y, Ikeda M, Okusa H, Fujita T, Maeda T, Baba S. Profilin 1 overexpression in renal cell carcinoma. Int J Urol 2010; 18:63-71. [PMID: 21091798 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To gain information about overexpressed antigens in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by using a chemical proteomics approach. METHODS RCC cell line 769P was cultured and proteome analysis was subsequently carried out in the culture supernatants. By using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), proteins in the culture supernatants were searched. A MEDLINE search to define the functions of the identified proteins was carried out. RESULTS Four differentially regulated proteins (profilin 1, amyloid beta A4 protein [APP], proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor [ProSAAS], galectin-3-binding protein [LGALS3BP]) were selected. These were not overexpressed in normal kidney tissue or reported in RCC. Their levels were measured through western blotting of normal kidney and RCC tissues. No differences were observed in the expression levels of APP, ProSAAS or LGALS3BP between RCC and normal kidney tissues. Profilin 1 was overexpressed in RCC tissue. On the basis of this observation, an immunohistochemical analysis of profilin 1 in normal kidney and RCC tissues was carried out. In normal tissues, tubules that were sources of RCC stained positive for profilin 1. In RCC tissue, in contrast, the stromal cells in the tumors stained positive. CONCLUSIONS Profilin 1 can be a key element in the pathological processes of RCC, such as tumorigenesis and/or tumor growth. Thus, it has the potential to serve as a diagnostic or progression biomarker and therapeutic target in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Minamida
- Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Bellmunt J, Fishman M, Eisen T, Quinn D. Expert opinion on the use of first-line sorafenib in selected metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2010; 10:825-35. [PMID: 20553208 DOI: 10.1586/era.10.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma is increasing globally. Targeted agents offer treatment options that were not available less than a decade ago. However, it is important to carefully select therapy for each individual patient, weighing both the drug efficacy and tolerability profile and patient-related factors, such as adherence, age and comorbidities. Based on our clinical experience in treating patients with renal cell carcinoma, this article offers our opinions on factors that characterize patients for whom sorafenib may serve as a viable first-line therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Bellmunt
- University Hospital del Mar-IMIM, RTICC, Paseo Maritimi 25-29, Barcelona, Spain.
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[Angiogenesis inhibition: review of the activity of sorafenib, sunitinib and bevacizumab]. Bull Cancer 2010; 97:29-43. [PMID: 20418202 DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2010.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of all human malignancies. The use of cytokines in metastatic stage of disease has been the standard until last decades, presenting partial and short duration responses. Research on angiogenesis in renal carcinoma has brought important advances to understand tumor biology and to allow us development of new antiangiogenic drugs. Sunitinib (SUTENT), sorafenib (NEXAVAR) and bevacizumab (AVASTIN) are actually three molecules accepted to use in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), with a good tolerability demonstrated in different studies. Clinical evidence shows sunitinib to be reference standard of care for the first-line treatment of mRCC. The use of bevacizumab in combination with interferon alfa (IFN alfa) can also be considered in this setting. Sorafenib is recommended for second-line treatment in cytokine-refractory patients, sunitinib being also accepted in this situation. Other combination of these molecules and their use as neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapy is being evaluated and should change in the short term the management of the disease.
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Wood LS. Management of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Multikinase Inhibitor Side Effects. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2009; 13 Suppl:13-8. [DOI: 10.1188/09.cjon.s2.13-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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