1
|
López-Estévez AM, Sanjurjo L, Turrero Á, Arriaga I, Abrescia NGA, Poveda A, Jiménez-Barbero J, Vidal A, Torres D, Alonso MJ. Nanotechnology-assisted intracellular delivery of antibody as a precision therapy approach for KRAS-driven tumors. J Control Release 2024; 373:277-292. [PMID: 39019086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Virus (KRAS) oncoprotein, one of the most prevalent mutations in cancer, has been deemed undruggable for decades. The hypothesis of this work was that delivering anti-KRAS monoclonal antibody (mAb) at the intracellular level could effectively target the KRAS oncoprotein. To reach this goal, we designed and developed tLyP1-targeted palmitoyl hyaluronate (HAC16)-based nanoassemblies (HANAs) adapted for the association of bevacizumab as a model mAb. Selected candidates with adequate physicochemical properties (below 150 nm, neutral surface charge), and high drug loading capacity (>10%, w/w) were adapted to entrap the antiKRASG12V mAb. The resulting antiKRASG12V-loaded HANAs exhibited a bilayer composed of HAC16 polymer and phosphatidylcholine (PC) enclosing a hydrophilic core, as evidenced by cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Selected prototypes were found to efficiently engage the target KRASG12V and, inhibit proliferation and colony formation in KRASG12V-mutated lung cancer cell lines. In vivo, a selected formulation exhibited a tumor growth reduction in a pancreatic tumor-bearing mouse model. In brief, this study offers evidence of the potential to use nanotechnology for developing anti-KRAS precision therapy and provides a rational framework for advancing mAb intracellular delivery against intracellular targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M López-Estévez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Sanjurjo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángela Turrero
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Iker Arriaga
- Structure and Cell Biology of Viruses Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Nicola G A Abrescia
- Structure and Cell Biology of Viruses Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ana Poveda
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain; Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dolores Torres
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karatug Kacar A, Bulutay P, Aylar D, Celikten M, Bolkent S. Characterization and comparison of insulinoma tumor model and pancreatic damage caused by the tumor, and identification of possible markers. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:109. [PMID: 38227104 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Insulinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor. It arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of pancreatic β cells. In this study, we created an insulinoma tumor model in nude mice. INS-1 cells were injected in two different ways, subcutaneously (S.C.) or intraperitoneally (I.P.). Body weight, tumor weight, and size were measured. ELISA kits were used analyze to Glucose, insulin, and CA19-9 levels in serum, pancreas, and tumor tissues. KCNN4, KCNK1, GLUT2, IR, HSP70, HSF1, and HSP90 levels were analyzed by western blotting of membrane and/or cytosolic fractions of tumor and pancreas tissue. Tumor formation occurred in nude mice, but it did not occur in Wistar albino rats. The tumor has neuroendocrine cell morphology. Insulin and CA19-9 levels increased in pancreas tissue. In tumor tissue, KCNN4 levels were higher in both membrane and cytosolic fractions, while KCNK1 levels were lower in the membrane fraction of the S.C. group. HSP70 levels were also lower in the S.C. group. In pancreas tissue, KCNK1 levels were lower in the membrane fraction of the S.C. and I.P. groups. GLUT2 levels increased in both groups according to the control group, while IR levels decreased in the S.C. group compared to the control group. However, HSF1 levels increased in the I.P. group, while HSP90 decreased in the S.C. group in pancreatic tissues. The S.C. group is a more suitable insulinoma tumor model. KCNN4, KCNK1, and HSP70 proteins may be important biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of insulinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Karatug Kacar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, 34134- Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pinar Bulutay
- School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Aylar
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Mert Celikten
- Institute of Health Science, Department of Anatomy, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sehnaz Bolkent
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul University, 34134- Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tian Z, Ou G, Su M, Li R, Pan L, Lin X, Zou J, Chen S, Li Y, Huang K, Chen Y. TIMP1 derived from pancreatic cancer cells stimulates Schwann cells and promotes the occurrence of perineural invasion. Cancer Lett 2022; 546:215863. [PMID: 35961511 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) occurs in most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). The relationship between cancer cells and peripheral nerves, however, is unknown. Therefore, we focused on the cooperation of PDAC cells and peripheral nerve astrocytes, Schwann cells (SCs), in PNI. The mutual tumor-supportive secretory cytokines between SCs (sNF96.2) and PDAC cells (PANC-1, BxPC-3) were screened by human cytokine arrays and verified. The prognostic value of selected cytokines and SC-associated markers was confirmed in PDAC patients. TIMP1 and CCL7 were found to form a paracrine feedback loop between PDAC cells and SCs. PDAC cell-derived TIMP1 promotes SCs proliferation and migration via CD63/PI3K/AKT signaling. CCL7 secreted from SCs enhances PDAC cell migration, invasion and expression of TIMP1 via CCR2/STAT3. PDAC cell-SC cooperation in PNI was blocked when TIMP1 knockdown in vitro and in vivo. Finally, TIMP1, CCL7 and SC-associated markers were correlated with PNI and prognosis in PDAC patients. In conclusion, SCs collaborate with PDAC cells through the TIMP1-CCL7 paracrine feedback loop to promote PNI. TIMP1 knockdown in PDAC cells suppresses PNI. Strategies to disrupt the TIMP1-CCL7 feedback loop might be developed to inhibit PNI in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Guangsheng Ou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510600, PR China
| | - Mingxin Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Ruomeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Lele Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Xingyi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Jinmao Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Shangxiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Yinting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Management of Pancreatic Cancer and Its Microenvironment: Potential Impact of Nano-Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122879. [PMID: 35740545 PMCID: PMC9221065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The poor prognosis and survival rates associated with pancreatic cancer show that there is a clear unmet need for better disease management. The heterogeneity of the tumor and its microenvironment, including stroma and fibrosis, creates a challenge for current therapy. The pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is mediated by several factors, such as severed communication between pancreatic stellate cells and stroma and the consequences of hypoxia-inducible factors that aid in the survival of the pancreatic tumor. Given the multiple limitations of molecular targeting, multiple functional nano-targeting offers a breakthrough in pancreatic cancer treatment through its ability to overcome the physical challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment, amongst many others. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is rare and difficult to treat, making it a complicated diagnosis for every patient. These patients have a low survival rate along with a poor quality of life under current pancreatic cancer therapies that adversely affect healthy cells due to the lack of precise drug targeting. Additionally, chemoresistance and radioresistance are other key challenges in PDAC, which might be due in part to the lack of tumor-targeted delivery of sufficient levels of different chemotherapies because of their low therapeutic index. Thus, instead of leaving a trail of off-target damage when killing these cancer cells, it is best to find a way that targets them directly. More seriously, metastatic relapse often occurs after surgery, and therefore, achieving improved outcomes in the management of PDAC in the absence of strategies preventing metastasis is likely to be impossible. Nano-targeting of the tumor and its microenvironment has shown promise for treating various cancers, which might be a promising approach for PDAC. This review updates the advancements in treatment modalities for pancreatic cancer and highlights future directions that warrant further investigation to increase pancreatic patients’ overall survival.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kokkinos J, Ignacio RMC, Sharbeen G, Boyer C, Gonzales-Aloy E, Goldstein D, Australian Pancreatic Cancer Genome Initiative Apgi, McCarroll JA, Phillips PA. Targeting the undruggable in pancreatic cancer using nano-based gene silencing drugs. Biomaterials 2020; 240:119742. [PMID: 32088410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is predicted to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2025. The best chemotherapy only extends survival by an average of 18 weeks. The extensive fibrotic stroma surrounding the tumor curbs therapeutic options as chemotherapy drugs cannot freely penetrate the tumor. RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising approach to revolutionize cancer treatment. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be designed to inhibit the expression of any gene which is important given the high degree of genetic heterogeneity present in pancreatic tumors. Despite the potential of siRNA therapies, there are hurdles limiting their clinical application such as poor transport across biological barriers, limited cellular uptake, degradation, and rapid clearance. Nanotechnology can address these challenges. In fact, the past few decades have seen the conceptualization, design, pre-clinical testing and recent clinical approval of a RNAi nanodrug to treat disease. In this review, we comment on the current state of play of clinical trials evaluating siRNA nanodrugs and review pre-clinical studies investigating the efficacy of siRNA therapeutics in pancreatic cancer. We assess the physiological barriers unique to pancreatic cancer that need to be considered when designing and testing new nanomedicines for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Kokkinos
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rosa Mistica C Ignacio
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - George Sharbeen
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Estrella Gonzales-Aloy
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Prince of Wales Hospital, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | | | - Joshua A McCarroll
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Tumour Biology & Targeting Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2031; School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Phoebe A Phillips
- Pancreatic Cancer Translational Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strand MS, Krasnick BA, Pan H, Zhang X, Bi Y, Brooks C, Wetzel C, Sankpal N, Fleming T, Goedegebuure SP, DeNardo DG, Gillanders WE, Hawkins WG, Wickline SA, Fields RC. Precision delivery of RAS-inhibiting siRNA to KRAS driven cancer via peptide-based nanoparticles. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4761-4775. [PMID: 31413817 PMCID: PMC6677667 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 95% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDACs), as well as a large fraction of other tumor types, such as colorectal adenocarcinoma, are driven by KRAS activation. However, no direct RAS inhibitors exist for cancer therapy. Furthermore, the delivery of therapeutic agents of any kind to PDAC in particular has been hindered by the extensive desmoplasia and resultant drug delivery challenges that accompanies these tumors. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising modality for anti-neoplastic therapy due to its precision and wide range of potential therapeutic targets. Unfortunately, siRNA therapy is limited by low serum half-life, vulnerability to intracellular digestion, and transient therapeutic effect. We assessed the ability of a peptide based, oligonucleotide condensing, endosomolytic nanoparticle (NP) system to deliver siRNA to KRAS-driven cancers. We show that this peptide-based NP is avidly taken up by cancer cells in vitro, can deliver KRAS-specific siRNA, inhibit KRAS expression, and reduce cell viability. We further demonstrate that this system can deliver siRNA to the tumor microenvironment, reduce KRAS expression, and inhibit pancreatic cancer growth in vivo. In a spontaneous KPPC model of PDAC, this system effectively delivers siRNA to stroma-rich tumors. This model has the potential for translational relevance for patients with KRAS driven solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Strand
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley A Krasnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- University of South Florida Health, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ye Bi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Candace Brooks
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher Wetzel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Narendra Sankpal
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Fleming
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S Peter Goedegebuure
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - David G DeNardo
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - William E Gillanders
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - William G Hawkins
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- University of South Florida Health, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ryan C Fields
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Targeted Delivery of siRNA Therapeutics to Malignant Tumors. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2017; 2017:6971297. [PMID: 29218233 PMCID: PMC5700508 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6971297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, a diverse group of ligands targeting surface biomarkers or receptors has been identified with several investigated to target siRNA to tumors. Many approaches to developing tumor-homing peptides, RNA and DNA aptamers, and single-chain variable fragment antibodies by using phage display, in vitro evolution, and recombinant antibody methods could not have been imagined by researchers in the 1980s. Despite these many scientific advances, there is no reason to expect that the ligand field will not continue to evolve. From development of ligands based on novel or existing biomarkers to linking ligands to drugs and gene and antisense delivery systems, several fields have coalesced to facilitate ligand-directed siRNA therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the major categories of ligand-targeted siRNA therapeutics for tumors, as well as the different strategies to identify new ligands.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hartley CP, Mahajan AM, Selvaggi SM, Rehrauer WM. FNA smears of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are superior to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue as a source of DNA: Comparison of targeted KRAS amplification and genotyping in matched preresection and postresection samples. Cancer Cytopathol 2017; 125:838-847. [PMID: 29024530 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.21935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was conducted to compare DNA yield, including normalization to nuclear area, DNA amplification functionality, and detection of KRAS mutations between matched fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens and pancreatic resections diagnostic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS A retrospective sample of 30 matched single FNA smears and macrodissected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) curls (2 5-μm curls) were compared by measuring the following: nuclear area (via digital image analysis), DNA yield (via NanoDrop spectrophotometry and Quantus fluorometry), and polymerase chain reaction threshold cycles for KRAS amplifications. Variants in KRAS codons 12/13 and 61 were detected by fluorescent melt curve analyses, followed by Sanger DNA sequencing. RESULTS Despite a similar nuclear area, FNA smears yielded greater DNA per nuclear area via 2 DNA quantification methods. KRAS codon 12 mutations were detected in 23 of 30 FNA specimens (77%) compared with 17 of 30 matched FFPE specimens (57%), for a concordance rate of 74%. No KRAS codon 13 or 61 mutations were detected. CONCLUSIONS FNA specimens are a more optimal source of DNA, and represent an important resource in the preresection and postresection molecular analysis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:838-47. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Hartley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Aparna M Mahajan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Suzanne M Selvaggi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - William M Rehrauer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pietersz GA, Wang X, Yap ML, Lim B, Peter K. Therapeutic targeting in nanomedicine: the future lies in recombinant antibodies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:1873-1889. [PMID: 28703636 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique chemical and functional properties of nanoparticles can be harnessed for the delivery of large quantities of various therapeutic biomolecules. Active targeting of nanoparticles by conjugating ligands that bind to target cells strongly facilitates accumulation, internalization into target cells and longer retention at the target site, with consequent enhanced therapeutic effects. Recombinant antibodies with high selectivity and availability for a vast range of targets will dominate the future. In this review, we systematically outline the tremendous progress in the conjugation of antibodies to nanoparticles and the clear advantages that recombinant antibodies offer in the therapeutic targeting of nanoparticles. The demonstrated flexibility of recombinant antibody coupling to nanoparticles highlights the bright future of this technology for modern therapeutic nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey A Pietersz
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Burnet Institute, Centre for Biomedical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - May Lin Yap
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bock Lim
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Chen Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Huang C, Lian G, Yang K, Chen S, Lin Y, Wang L, Huang K, Zeng L. Co-delivery of microRNA-21 antisense oligonucleotides and gemcitabine using nanomedicine for pancreatic cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1493-1503. [PMID: 28444967 PMCID: PMC5497927 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis occurs naturally in pancreatic cancer, and the efficacy of chemotherapy is usually poor. Precision medicine, combining downregulation of target genes with chemotherapy drugs, is expected to improve therapeutic effects. Therefore, we developed a combined therapy of microRNA‐21 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO‐miR‐21) and gemcitabine (Gem) using a targeted co‐delivery nanoparticle (NP) carrier and investigated the synergistic inhibitory effects on pancreatic cancer cells metastasis and growth. Polyethylene glycol–polyethylenimine–magnetic iron oxide NPs were used to co‐deliver ASO‐miR‐21 and Gem. An anti‐CD44v6 single‐chain variable fragment (scFvCD44v6) was used to coat the particles to obtain active and targeted delivery. Our results showed that the downregulation of the oncogenic miR‐21 by ASO resulted in upregulation of the tumor‐suppressor genes PDCD4 and PTEN and the suppression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which inhibited the proliferation and induced the clonal formation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. The co‐delivery of ASO‐miR‐21 and Gem induced more cell apoptosis and inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer cells to a greater extent than single ASO‐miR‐21 or Gem treatment in vitro. In animal tests, more scFvCD44v6‐PEG‐polyethylenimine/ASO‐magnetic iron oxide NP/Gem accumulated at the tumor site than non‐targeted NPs and induced a potent inhibition of tumor proliferation and metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to observed tumor homing of NPs. These results imply that the combination of miR‐21 gene silencing and Gem therapy using an scFv‐functionalized NP carrier exerted synergistic antitumor effects on pancreatic cancer cells, which is a promising strategy for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinting Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuoquan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chumei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoda Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kege Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaihong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjuan Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jordan AR, Racine RR, Hennig MJP, Lokeshwar VB. The Role of CD44 in Disease Pathophysiology and Targeted Treatment. Front Immunol 2015; 6:182. [PMID: 25954275 PMCID: PMC4404944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 is involved in a multitude of important physiological functions including cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, hematopoiesis, and lymphocyte activation. The diverse physiological activity of CD44 is manifested in the pathology of a number of diseases including cancer, arthritis, bacterial and viral infections, interstitial lung disease, vascular disease, and wound healing. This diversity in biological activity is conferred by both a variety of distinct CD44 isoforms generated through complex alternative splicing, posttranslational modifications (e.g., N- and O-glycosylation), interactions with a number of different ligands, and the abundance and spatial distribution of CD44 on the cell surface. The extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA) is the principle ligand of CD44. This review focuses both CD44-hyaluronan dependent and independent CD44 signaling and the role of CD44–HA interaction in various pathophysiologies. The review also discusses recent advances in novel treatment strategies that exploit the CD44–HA interaction either for direct targeting or for drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andre R Jordan
- Sheila and David Fuente Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Ronny R Racine
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Martin J P Hennig
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA ; Department of Urology and Uro-oncology, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Vinata B Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA ; Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA ; Miami Clinical Translational Institute, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| |
Collapse
|