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Vescio F, Ammendola M, Currò G, Curcio S. Relationship between mast cell, angiogenesis and pancreatic cancer: Our experience. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2927-2930. [PMID: 38946872 PMCID: PMC11212697 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i23.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we focus specifically on the mechanisms by which pancreatic inflammation affects pancreatic cancer. Cancer of the pancreas remains one of the deadliest cancer types. The highest incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are found in developed countries. Trends of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality vary considerably worldwide. A better understanding of the etiology and identification of the risk factors is essential for the primary prevention of this disease. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a complex microenvironment that orchestrates metabolic alterations and supports a milieu of interactions among various cell types within this niche. In this editorial, we highlight the foundational studies that have driven our understanding of these processes. In our experimental center, we have carefully studied the mechanisms of that link pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic cancer. We focused on the role of mast cells (MCs). MCs contain pro-angiogenic factors, including tryptase, that are associated with increased angiogenesis in various tumors. In this editorial, we address the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue and adjacent normal tissue. The assessment includes the density of c-Kit receptor-positive MCs, the density of tryptase-positive MCs, the area of tryptase-positive MCs, and angiogenesis in terms of microvascularization density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vescio
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Michele Ammendola
- Science of Health Department, Digestive Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Silvia Curcio
- Science of Health Department, General Surgery Unit, University “Magna Graecia” Medical School, University Hospital “R. Dulbecco”, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
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Xie T, Xie X, Liu W, Chen L, Liu K, Zhou Z. Prediction of postoperative recurrence in resectable pancreatic body/tail adenocarcinoma: a novel risk stratification approach using a CT-based nomogram. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:7782-7793. [PMID: 37624415 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify prognostic CT features that predict recurrence in patients with resectable pancreatic body/tail adenocarcinoma (PBTA) and construct a CT-based nomogram for preoperative risk stratification. METHODS A total of 258 patients with resectable PBTA who underwent upfront surgery were retrospectively enrolled (development cohort, n = 172; validation cohort, n = 86), and their clinical and CT features were analyzed. Stepwise Cox proportional hazard analysis was performed to identify prognostic features and construct a predictive nomogram for recurrence-free survival (RFS). The prognostic performance of the CT-based nomogram was validated and compared to the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) pathological staging system. RESULTS In the development cohort, the following five CT features for predicting recurrence were identified to construct the nomogram: tumor density in the venous phase, tumor necrosis, adjacent organ invasion, splenic vein invasion, and superior mesenteric vein/portal vein abutment. In the validation cohort, the CT-based nomogram showed a concordance index of 0.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.58-0.73), which was higher than the 8th AJCC staging system. The area under the curves of the nomogram for predicting recurrence at 0.5, 1, and 2 years were 0.66, 0.71, and 0.72, respectively. Patients were categorized into high- and low-risk groups with 1-year recurrence probabilities of 0.73 and 0.43, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The proposed nomogram provided accurate recurrence risk stratification for patients with resectable PBTA in a preoperative setting and may be used to facilitate clinical decision-making. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The proposed CT-based nomogram, based on easily available CT features, may serve as an effective and convenient tool for stratifying further the recurrence risk of patients with pancreatic body/tail adenocarcinoma. KEY POINTS • The CT-based nomogram, incorporating five commonly used CT features, successfully preoperatively stratified patients with resectable PBTA into distinct prognosis groups. • Tumor density in the venous phase, tumor necrosis, splenic vein invasion, adjacent organ invasion, and superior mesenteric vein/portal vein abutment were associated with RFS in patients with resectable PBTA. • The CT-based nomogram exhibited better predictive performance for recurrence than the 8th AJCC staging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansong Xie
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebin Xie
- Medical Imaging Center, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (Minhang Campus), Shanghai, China
| | - Kefu Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhengrong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (Minhang Campus), Shanghai, China.
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Qi J, Meng M, Liu J, Song X, Chen Y, Liu Y, Li X, Zhou Z, Huang X, Wang X, Zhou Q, Zhao Z. Lycorine inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth and neovascularization by inducing Notch1 degradation and downregulating key vasculogenic genes. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115833. [PMID: 37769714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is highly metastatic and lethal with an increasing incidence globally and a 5-year survival rate of only 8%. One of the factors contributing to the high mortality is the lack of effective drugs in the clinical setting. We speculated that effective compounds against pancreatic cancer exist in natural herbs and explored active small molecules among traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. The small molecule lycorine (MW: 323.77) derived from the herb Lycoris radiata inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth with an IC50 value of 1 μM in a concentration-dependent manner. Lycorine markedly reduced pancreatic cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, neovascularization, and gemcitabine resistance. Additionally, lycorine effectively suppressed tumor growth in mouse xenograft models without obvious toxicity. Pharmacological studies revealed that the levels and half-life of Notch1 oncoprotein in the pancreatic cancer cells Panc-1 and Patu8988 were notably reduced. Moreover, the expression of the key vasculogenic genes Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) were also significantly inhibited by lycorine. Mechanistically, lycorine strongly triggered the degradation of Notch1 oncoprotein through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In conclusion, lycorine effectively inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, neovascularization, and gemcitabine resistance by inducing degradation of Notch1 oncoprotein and downregulating the key vasculogenic genes Sema4D and Ang-2. Our findings provide a new therapeutic candidate and treatment strategy against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan Qi
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xu Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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Song Q, Zhang K, Sun T, Xu C, Zhao W, Zhang Z. Knockout of ENO1 leads to metabolism reprogramming and tumor retardation in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1119886. [PMID: 36845730 PMCID: PMC9950624 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1119886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The shift in glucose utilization from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis is the hallmark of tumor cells. The overexpression of ENO1, one of the key enzymes in the glycolysis process, has been identified in several cancers, however, its role in pancreatic cancer (PC) is yet unclear. This study identifies ENO1 as an indispensable factor in the progression of PC. Interestingly, ENO1-knockout could inhibit cell invasion and migration and prevent cell proliferation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells (PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2); meanwhile, tumor cell glucose uptake and lactate excretion also decreased significantly. Furthermore, ENO1-knockout reduced colony formation and tumorigenesis in both in vitro and in vivo tests. In total, after ENO1 knockout, 727 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PDAC cells by RNA-seq. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs are mainly associated with components such as the 'extracellular matrix' and 'endoplasmic reticulum lumen', and participate in the regulation of signal receptor activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the identified DEGs are associated with pathways, such as 'fructose and mannose metabolism', 'pentose phosphate pathway, and 'sugar metabolism for amino and nucleotide. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that ENO1 knockout promoted the upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism pathways-related genes. Altogether, these results indicated that ENO1-knockout inhibited tumorigenesis by reducing cell glycolysis and activating other metabolic pathways by altering the expression of G6PD, ALDOC, UAP1, as well as other related metabolic genes. Concisely, ENO1, which plays a vital role in the abnormal glucose metabolism in PC, can be exploited as a target to control carcinogenesis by reducing aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tianjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Zhang L, Sun L, Tang Q, Sun S, Zeng L, Ma J, Li X, Ge H, Liang X. Cascade Drug Delivery through Tumor Barriers of Pancreatic Cancer via Ultrasound in Combination with Functional Microbubbles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1583-1595. [PMID: 35263095 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The abundant desmoplastic stroma and the lack of sufficient targets on pancreatic cancer cells render poor drug penetration and cellular uptake, which significantly compromise the chemotherapy efficacy. Herein, we reported a three-step cascade delivery strategy for selective delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) to achieve a targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer. cRGD and cCLT1 peptides, which could target the integrin and fibronectin, respectively, overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells and stroma, were decorated on PTX-loaded microbubbles, resulting in the formation of dual-targeting PTX-RCMBs. In this strategy, ultrasound in combination with PTX-RCMBs first enhanced the permeability of tumor vessels via cavitation effects and simultaneously helped the generated PTX-RCNPs penetrate into the stroma. Then, the cCLT1 peptide modified on PTX-RCNPs selectively bound the fibronectin highly expressed in the stroma and later targeted the integrin (α5β1) on the cell surface. Finally, another targeting cRGD peptide modified on PTX-RCNPs would further promote PTX uptake via targeting the integrin (αvβ3) on the cell surface. This strategy significantly increased the delivery of PTX into tumor tissues. Moreover, the in vivo effective accumulation of PTX was monitored by ultrasound and fluorescence bimodal imaging. The tumor growth inhibition was investigated on subcutaneous tumor mouse models with 89.8% growth inhibition rate during 21 days of treatment, showing great potential for improving pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lihong Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingshuang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suhui Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lan Zeng
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiuyi Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoda Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 College Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huiyu Ge
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Capital Medical University, 5 Jingyuan Rd, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Tong Y, Yang D, Mi X, Song Y, Xin W, Zhong L, Shi Z, Xu G, Ding H, Fang L. Modified microvessel density based on perfusion distance: a preferable NSCLC prognostic factor. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:43. [PMID: 35282046 PMCID: PMC8848420 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite the vital role of blood perfusion in tumor progression, the prognostic value of typical blood perfusion markers, such as microvessel density (MVD) or microvessel area (MVA), in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still unclear. This study established a modified MVD (mMVD) measurement based on perfusion distance and determined its prognostic value in patients with NSCLC. Methods A total of 100 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this retrospective study. The intratumor microvessels of NSCLC patients were visualized using immunohistochemical staining for CD31. The blood perfusion distance was evaluated as the distance from each vessel to its nearest cancer cell (Dmvcc), and the cutoff value for prognosis was determined. Apart from the total MVD (tMVD), microvessels near cancer cells within the cutoff-Dmvcc were counted as mMVD. Predictive values for mortality and recurrence were evaluated and compared. Results The Dmvcc ranged from 1.6 to 269.8 µm (median, 13.1 µm). The mMVD (range: 2-70; median 23) was counted from tMVD according to the cutoff-Dmvcc (~20 µm). Compared with tMVD, a larger fraction of mMVD (80% vs. 2.9%) played a significant role in overall survival, with an improved area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) (0.74 vs. 0.56). A high mMVD was an independent positive indicator of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In contrast, tMVD was only related to PFS at the optimal cutoff. Conclusions Perfusion-distance-based mMVD is a promising prognostic factor for NSCLC patients with superior sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability compared to tMVD. This study provides novel insights into the prognostic role of tumor vessel perfusion in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Tong
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dihong Yang
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiufang Mi
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Like Zhong
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- The Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoqi Xu
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Ding
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Guo X, Meng X, Liu R. Prognostic value of microvessel density in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 227:153644. [PMID: 34634564 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiogenesis produced by tumor microenvironment is play an important role in development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As a quantitative index of angiogenesis, literature has emerged contradictory results about the prognostic role of microvessel density (MVD) in ESCC. The aim of the study was to explore the impact of the correlation between MVD and the prognosis of ESCC based the published evidence. METHODS Pubmed and Web of science database were screened for the relationship of MVD with prognostic feature in ESCC up to March, 2021. 11 relevant articles were used for meta-analysis. The following data were extracted from the literature: author, year, country, the patients number of high/low MVD, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification, clinical stage, lymphoid infiltrates, vessel invasion, invasive depth, differential degree and survival rate. The hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI were used to assess the associations between MVD and overall survival (OS). Chi-squared test and I2 statistics were completed to evaluate the heterogeneity in our study. A random-effects model was used when significant heterogeneity existed (I2>50% and p < 0.05). Egger test was used to calculate the publication bias. Subgroup analysis was stratified by antibody, region, sample capacity to explore the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS 11 studies with 1055 patients were analyzed. Our results suggested that high MVD is an important factor to advanced TNM classification and clinical stage, and the high MVD is positive correlation with the lymph node invasion and vascular invasion(p < 0.05) in ESCC, but irrelevant to poor differential and invasive depth(p > 0.05). The result also indicated that low MVD is a benefit factor to prolong the survival rate (p < 0.05). And the source of the heterogeneity maybe is that the antibody used to detect the MVD was not consistent, patient number was not large enough and the count method on MVD. CONCLUSION Across multiple studies, high MVD is correlated with clinicopathological criteria of poor prognosis and survival in ESCC. MVD could be the quantitative index to reactive angiogenesis and may play a pivotal role in ESCC development and progression. MVD may represent a valuable addition to current pathologic analysis and help to guide prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xingchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Kahn BM, Lucas A, Alur RG, Wengyn MD, Schwartz GW, Li J, Sun K, Maurer HC, Olive KP, Faryabi RB, Stanger BZ. The vascular landscape of human cancer. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136655. [PMID: 33258803 DOI: 10.1172/jci136655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors depend on a blood supply to deliver oxygen and nutrients, making tumor vasculature an attractive anticancer target. However, only a fraction of patients with cancer benefit from angiogenesis inhibitors. Whether antiangiogenic therapy would be more effective if targeted to individuals with specific tumor characteristics is unknown. To better characterize the tumor vascular environment both within and between cancer types, we developed a standardized metric - the endothelial index (EI) - to estimate vascular density in over 10,000 human tumors, corresponding to 31 solid tumor types, from transcriptome data. We then used this index to compare hyper- and hypovascular tumors, enabling the classification of human tumors into 6 vascular microenvironment signatures (VMSs) based on the expression of a panel of 24 vascular "hub" genes. The EI and VMS correlated with known tumor vascular features and were independently associated with prognosis in certain cancer types. Retrospective testing of clinical trial data identified VMS2 classification as a powerful biomarker for response to bevacizumab. Thus, we believe our studies provide an unbiased picture of human tumor vasculature that may enable more precise deployment of antiangiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Kahn
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - Alfredo Lucas
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - Rohan G Alur
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - Maximillian D Wengyn
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - Gregory W Schwartz
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, and.,Department of Cancer Biology Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jinyang Li
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - Kathryn Sun
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
| | - H Carlo Maurer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert B Faryabi
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine.,Penn Epigenetics Institute, and.,Department of Cancer Biology Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ben Z Stanger
- Department of Medicine.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology.,Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute.,Abramson Cancer Center
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Ding H, Sun J, Song Y, Xin W, Zhu J, Zhong L, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Tong Y, Fang L. Long Distance From Microvessel to Cancer Cell Predicts Poor Prognosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:632352. [PMID: 34178623 PMCID: PMC8226084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.632352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Blood supply, which is crucial for nutrition and drug delivery, was determined by microvessel density as well as the diffusion distance between vessels and cancer cells. Therefore, we evaluated the distance from microvessels to cancer cells (Dmvcc) and its role in the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods Patients with primary NSCLC were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor samples were immunochemically stained with CD31 to visualize the microvessels. The Dmvcc was defined as the mean distance from each microvessel to its nearest cancer cell in the "hot-spot" of an individual patient. The patients were stratified into short- and long-distance groups using five strategies, including dichotomy by the median value, optimal cutoff, trichotomy, quartation and per-10 µm increase. The correlation between the Dmvcc and survival was evaluated by using univariate and multivariate analyses with various Dmvcc strategies. Results In total, 100 patients were analyzed. The median value of Dmvcc was 13.1 μm (ranged, 1.6 to 269.7 μm; mean value, 24.4 ± 33.5 μm). The optimal cutoff value of Dmvcc for predicting survival outcome was 20 μm. Dmvcc was significantly related to overall survival (OS) with all the five categories (p = 0.001-0.000004) and progression-free survival (PFS) categorized by optimal cutoff value (p = 0.024), trichotomy (p = 0.041) and per-10 µm increase (p = 0.040) after adjusting for other factors. Patients with longer Dmvcc (≥20 μm) were observed to have poor survival outcomes (OS: HR = 13.5, 95CI: 4.42-41.18, p = 0.000005; PFS: 3.26, 95CI: 1.56-6.81, p = 0.002). A high Dmvcc per-10 µm was associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer-related death and progression by 98% (p = 0.0001) and 30% (p = 0.044), respectively. Conclusion The NSCLC tissues had varying distances from microvessels to cancer cells, and long distances were strongly associated with poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Like Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinbo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Surov A, Wienke A. Associations Between FDG PET and Expression of VEGF and Microvessel Density in Different Solid Tumors: A Meta-analysis. Acad Radiol 2021; 28:e110-e117. [PMID: 32327296 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, there are inconsistent data about relationships between 2-deoxy-2 [18F] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD). The aim of the present meta-analysis was to systematize the reported data about associations between maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) derived from FDG PET and expression of VEGF and as well as MVD. METHODS MEDLINE library, SCOPUS and EMBASE data bases were screened for relationships between SUVmax and VEGF/MVD up to October 2019. Overall, in 18 studies correlations between SUVmax and VEGF and in 13 studies correlations between SUVmax and MVD were reported. The following data were extracted from the literature: authors, year of publication, number of patients, and correlation coefficients. RESULTS Associations between 18F-FDG PET and VEGF were reported in 18 studies (935 patients). The calculated correlation coefficients between SUVmax and VEGF expression ranged from -0.16 to 0.88. The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.32, (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.15; 0.48]). Associations between 18F-FDG PET and MVD were investigated in 13 studies (593 patients). The reported correlation coefficients ranged from -0.23 to 0.91. The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.27, (95% CI = [0.00; 0.53]). Analysis of MVD based on CD105 immunohistochemical staining was performed in four studies (117 patients). The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.41 (95% CI = [0.22; 0.59]). In three reports with 233 patients, MVD was estimated by staining with CD31 antibody. The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.01, (95% CI = [-0.44; 0.47]). Finally, in 9 studies (280 patients) MVD was performed on CD34 stained specimens. The pooled correlation coefficient was 0.36, (95% CI = [0.09; 0.63]). CONCLUSION SUVmax of FDG PET correlated weakly with expression of VEGF and with MVD. Therefore, FDG PET cannot predict neoangiogenesis in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Surov
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
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11
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Mast Cells Positive for c-Kit Receptor and Tryptase Correlate with Angiogenesis in Cancerous and Adjacent Normal Pancreatic Tissue. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020444. [PMID: 33669751 PMCID: PMC7923170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mast cells (MCs) contain proangiogenic factors, in particular tryptase, associated with increased angiogenesis in several tumours. With special reference to pancreatic cancer, few data have been published on the role of MCs in angiogenesis in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue (PDAT) and adjacent normal tissue (ANT). In this study, density of mast cells positive for c-Kit receptor (MCDP-c-KitR), density of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCDPT), area of mast cells positive for tryptase (MCAPT), and angiogenesis in terms of microvascular density (MVD) and endothelial area (EA) were evaluated in a total of 45 PDAT patients with stage T2–3N0–1M0. Results: For each analysed tissue parameter, the mean ± standard deviation was evaluated in both PDAT and ANT and differences were evaluated by Student’s t-test (p ranged from 0.001 to 0.005). Each analysed tissue parameter was then correlated to each other one by Pearson t-test analysis (p ranged from 0.01 to 0.03). No other correlation among MCDP-c-KitR, MCDPT, MCAPT, MVD, EA and the main clinical–pathological characteristics was found. Conclusions: Our results suggest that tissue parameters increased from ANT to PDAT and that mast cells are strongly associated with angiogenesis in PDAT. On this basis, the inhibition of MCs through tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as masitinib, or inhibition of tryptase by gabexate mesylate may become potential novel antiangiogenetic approaches in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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12
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Cao L, Wu J, Qu X, Sheng J, Cui M, Liu S, Huang X, Xiang Y, Li B, Zhang X, Cui R. Glycometabolic rearrangements--aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer: causes, characteristics and clinical applications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:267. [PMID: 33256814 PMCID: PMC7708116 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors worldwide, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common type. In pancreatic cancer, glycolysis is the primary way energy is produced to maintain the proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis of cancer cells, even under normoxia. However, the potential molecular mechanism is still unknown. From this perspective, this review mainly aimed to summarize the current reasonable interpretation of aerobic glycolysis in pancreatic cancer and some of the newest methods for the detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. More specifically, we reported some biochemical parameters, such as newly developed enzymes and transporters, and further explored their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xianzhi Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Mengying Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Shui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yien Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China. .,Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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13
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Mu W, Wang Z, Zöller M. Ping-Pong-Tumor and Host in Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1359. [PMID: 31921628 PMCID: PMC6927459 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of high pancreatic cancer (PaCa) mortality and trials dampening PaCa mortality rates are not satisfying. Tumor progression is driven by the crosstalk between tumor cells, predominantly cancer-initiating cells (CIC), and surrounding cells and tissues as well as distant organs, where tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEX) are of major importance. A strong stroma reaction, recruitment of immunosuppressive leukocytes, perineural invasion, and early spread toward the peritoneal cavity, liver, and lung are shared with several epithelial cell-derived cancer, but are most prominent in PaCa. Here, we report on the state of knowledge on the PaCIC markers Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CD44v6, CXCR4, LRP5/6, LRG5, claudin7, EpCAM, and CD133, which all, but at different steps, are engaged in the metastatic cascade, frequently via PaCIC-TEX. This includes the contribution of PaCIC markers to TEX biogenesis, targeting, and uptake. We then discuss PaCa-selective features, where feedback loops between stromal elements and tumor cells, including distorted transcription, signal transduction, and metabolic shifts, establish vicious circles. For the latter particularly pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are responsible, furnishing PaCa to cope with poor angiogenesis-promoted hypoxia by metabolic shifts and direct nutrient transfer via vesicles. Furthermore, nerves including Schwann cells deliver a large range of tumor cell attracting factors and Schwann cells additionally support PaCa cell survival by signaling receptor binding. PSC, tumor-associated macrophages, and components of the dysplastic stroma contribute to perineural invasion with signaling pathway activation including the cholinergic system. Last, PaCa aggressiveness is strongly assisted by the immune system. Although rich in immune cells, only immunosuppressive cells and factors are recovered in proximity to tumor cells and hamper effector immune cells entering the tumor stroma. Besides a paucity of immunostimulatory factors and receptors, immunosuppressive cytokines, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T-cells, and M2 macrophages as well as PSC actively inhibit effector cell activation. This accounts for NK cells of the non-adaptive and cytotoxic T-cells of the adaptive immune system. We anticipate further deciphering the molecular background of these recently unraveled intermingled phenomena may turn most lethal PaCa into a curatively treatable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Mu
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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