1
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is growing evidence encouraging the use of probiotics in many conditions in children. However, given the wide number of probiotics available and contradictory data in the literature, the health-care provider is often faced with uncertainness about whether or not to use probiotics and which one(s) to choose. We here review current hypotheses regarding the efficacy and safety of probiotics and evaluate the available data on the use of probiotics in most common diseases in children. Considering that probiotics have strain-specific effects, we will focus on individual probiotic strains rather than on probiotics in general. RECENT FINDINGS Strain-specific efficacy was clearly demonstrated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii I-745 in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 in infantile colics, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and VSL#3 in irritable bowel syndrome. In addition, encouraging results are seen for use of probiotics in necrotizing enterocolitis, food allergy, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the data available for constipation are to be considered somewhat equivocal. SUMMARY The clinical relevance of these findings indicates that healthcare providers need to take strain-specificity and disease specificity of probiotics into consideration when recommending probiotic for their patients.
Collapse
|
2
|
Reid G, Abrahamsson T, Bailey M, Bindels L, Bubnov R, Ganguli K, Martoni C, O’Neill C, Savignac H, Stanton C, Ship N, Surette M, Tuohy K, van Hemert S. How do probiotics and prebiotics function at distant sites? Benef Microbes 2017; 8:521-533. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2016.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The realisation that microbes regarded as beneficial to the host can impart effects at sites distant from their habitat, has raised many possibilities for treatment of diseases. The objective of a workshop hosted in Turku, Finland, by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics, was to assess the evidence for these effects and the extent to which early life microbiome programming influences how the gut microbiota communicates with distant sites. In addition, we examined how probiotics and prebiotics might affect the skin, airways, heart, brain and metabolism. The growing levels of scientific and clinical evidence showing how microbes influence the physiology of many body sites, leads us to call for more funding to advance a potentially exciting avenue for novel therapies for many chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Reid
- Lawson Health Research Institute, F3-106, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario N6A 4V2, Canada
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - T. Abrahamsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Paediatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M. Bailey
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L.B. Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, P.O. Box B1.73.11, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R. Bubnov
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - K. Ganguli
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02114, USA
| | - C. Martoni
- UAS Laboratories, 4027 Owl Creek Drive, Madison, WI 53718, USA
| | - C. O’Neill
- Centre for Dermatology, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - H.M. Savignac
- Former (during ISAPP): Clasado Research Services Ltd, Reading, United Kingdom; present: 4D Pharma PLC, Life Sciences Innovation Building, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZS, United Kingdom
| | - C. Stanton
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - N. Ship
- Bio-K+ Pharma Inc., 495 Boulevard Armand-Frappier, Laval QC, H7V 4B3 Canada
| | - M. Surette
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton ON, L8S 4K1 Canada
| | - K. Tuohy
- Nutrition and Nutrigenomics Unit, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, 38010, Italy
| | - S. van Hemert
- Winclove Probiotics, Hulstweg 11, 1032 LB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|