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Zhang W, Rho JH, Roehrl MW, Roehrl MH, Wang JY. A repertoire of 124 potential autoantigens for autoimmune kidney diseases identified by dermatan sulfate affinity enrichment of kidney tissue proteins. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219018. [PMID: 31237920 PMCID: PMC6592568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantigens are the molecular targets in autoimmune diseases. They are a cohort of seemingly unrelated self-molecules present in different parts of the body, yet they can trigger a similar chain of autoimmune responses such as autoantibody production. We previously reported that dermatan sulfate (DS) can bind self-molecules of dying cells to stimulate autoreactive CD5+ B cells to produce autoantibodies. The formation of autoantigen-DS complexes converts the normally non-antigenic self-molecules to none-self antigens, and thus DS-affinity represents a common underlying biochemical property for autoantigens. This study sought to apply this property to identify potential autoantigens in the kidney. Total proteins were extracted from mouse kidney tissues and loaded onto DS-Sepharose resins. Proteins without affinity were washed off the resins, whereas those with increasing DS-affinity were eluted with step gradients of increasing salt strength. Fractions with strong and moderate DS-affinity were sequenced by mass spectrometry and yielded 25 and 99 proteins, respectively. An extensive literature search was conducted to validate whether these had been previously reported as autoantigens. Of the 124 proteins, 79 were reported autoantigens, and 19 out of 25 of the strong-DS-binding ones were well-known autoantigens. Moreover, these proteins largely fell into the two most common autoantibody categories in autoimmune kidney diseases, including 40 ANA (anti-nuclear autoantibodies) and 25 GBM (glomerular basement membrane) autoantigens. In summary, this study compiles a large repertoire of potential autoantigens for autoimmune kidney diseases. This autoantigen-ome sheds light on the molecular etiology of autoimmunity and further supports our hypothesis DS-autoantigen complexes as a unifying principle of autoantigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | | | | | - Michael H. Roehrl
- Department of Pathology and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JYW); (MHR)
| | - Julia Y. Wang
- Curandis, Scarsdale, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JYW); (MHR)
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Wada K, Kobayashi H, Moriyama A, Haneda Y, Mushimoto Y, Hasegawa Y, Onigata K, Kumori K, Ishikawa N, Maruyama R, Sogo T, Murphy L, Taketani T. A case of an infant with congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency and normalized liver histology of infantile cholestasis after hormone replacement therapy. Clin Pediatr Endocrinol 2017; 26:251-257. [PMID: 29026274 PMCID: PMC5627226 DOI: 10.1297/cpe.26.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) may present with cholestasis in
the neonate or during early infancy. However, its precise mechanism is unknown. A 3-mo-old
boy presented with cryptorchidism and hypoplastic scrotum after birth. Neonatal jaundice
was noted but temporarily improved with phototherapy. Jaundice recurred at 2 mo of age.
Elevated direct bilirubin (D-Bil) and liver dysfunction were found but cholangiography
showed no signs of biliary atresia (BA). Liver biopsy findings showed giant cell formation
of hepatocytes with hypoplastic bile ducts. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of
the head revealed a hypoplastic pituitary gland with an ectopic posterior lobe, and the
patient was diagnosed with congenital CPHD based on decreased secretion of cortisol and GH
by the pituitary anterior lobe load test. D-Bil levels promptly improved after
hydrocortisone (HDC) replacement. We subsequently began replacement with levothyroxine
(L-T4) and GH, and liver histology showed normal interlobular bile ducts at 8
mo old. This is the first case report of proven histological improvement after hormone
replacement therapy. This suggested that pituitary-mediated hormones, especially cortisol,
might be involved in the development of the bile ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hironori Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Aisa Moriyama
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Haneda
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yuichi Mushimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yuki Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Onigata
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Koji Kumori
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | | | - Riruke Maruyama
- Department of Pathology, Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sogo
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Yokohama City Tobu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Lynne Murphy
- Department of Medical English Education, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takeshi Taketani
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
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