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Miranda CTDOF, Vermeulen-Serpa KM, Pedro ACC, Brandão-Neto J, Vale SHDL, Figueiredo MS. Zinc in sickle cell disease: A narrative review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126980. [PMID: 35413496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disease caused by hemoglobin S mutated hemoglobin S. It is characterized by chronic hemolysis, intermittent vaso-occlusive crises followed by ischemia-reperfusion, and organ damage. These patients have an increased risk of multiple micronutrient deficiencies, such as zinc. The reduced zinc bioavailability in sickle cell patients may lead to several complications such as growth retardation, delayed wound healing, increased vaso-occlusive crises, and infections. This narrative review aims to analyze the literature concerning the zinc status in SCD and their possible consequences on the patients' clinical evolution. We found in children and adolescents a direct association between zinc insufficiencies/deficiencies with increased disease severity in SCD. Monitoring zinc status in children and adolescent SCD appears essential for reducing disease-associated morbidity and infections. Zinc supplementation is a safe therapeutic modality for treating SCD patients. New research must be carried out, especially for adults, to ensure more remarkable survival for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Carolina Cabañas Pedro
- Post-doctoral student Medicine Program (Hematology/Oncology), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Brandão-Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Stella Figueiredo
- Division of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Strong H, Harry O, Westcott E, Kidwell KM, Couch SC, Peairs A, Britto MT, Crosby LE. Weight status and health behaviors of adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease: The emerging risk for obesity. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 38:265-271. [PMID: 33150822 PMCID: PMC9188326 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2020.1838010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Historically, youth with sickle cell disease (SCD) were at risk for being underweight, but recent data suggests this population is replicating obesity trends of youth in the United States. The current observational study assessed the weight status and health behaviors of 44 adolescents and young adults with SCD via a self-report survey and chart review. Using height and weight data closest to survey completion date, 27% of participants were either overweight or obese. With respect to obesogenic risk behaviors, 77% ate fast food 1-3 times per week, 25% had no fruits/vegetables with any of their meals, 11% drank no water, and 57% watched 4 or more hours of television per day. Though more research is needed, this preliminary study adds to the SCD literature suggesting an emerging shift toward obesity in this population. As such, adolescents with SCD may benefit from interventions to decrease obesity risk factors as being overweight or obese has the potential to worsen SCD-related symptoms and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Strong
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America,Corresponding Author: Heather Strong, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 3015, Cincinnati, OH 45229, 513-517-1119,
| | - Onengiya Harry
- Section of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Brenner Children’s Hospital, Winston-Salem, United States of America
| | - Emilie Westcott
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Dayton Children’s Hospital, Dayton, United States of America
| | - Katherine M. Kidwell
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Sarah C. Couch
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Abigail Peairs
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Maria T. Britto
- James Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence and Center for Innovation in Chronic Disease Care, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Lori E. Crosby
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
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