1
|
Toret E, Ozdemir ZC, Oztunali C, Bor O. Askin tumor as a secondary malignancy after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29706. [PMID: 35441790 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Toret
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Canan Ozdemir
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Oztunali
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Bor
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu Y, Ji H, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Chu W, Mei Y, Niu W, Zhang B. Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of urinary bladder: a case report and literature review. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:4997-5004. [PMID: 35116350 PMCID: PMC8797345 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the bladder is an extremely rare and highly aggressive neoplasm. We report a case of PNET of the urinary bladder associated with increased serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the presence of relapse and metastasis. A 66-year-old male presented to our department due to painless gross hematuria. Computed tomographic urography (CTU) showed an intraluminal tumor in the anterior bladder wall. Biopsy revealed a malignant small round blue cell tumor. The patient denied radical cystectomy, and partial cystectomy was given together with resection of adjacent peritoneum. The patient was diagnosed with primary bladder PNET after pathological inspection with negative surgical margins. Additionally, he received 6 cycles of chemotherapy using etoposide and cisplatin (EP) regime, and showed recurrence and metastasis afterwards. Disease progression was seen after transurethral resection (TUR) of bladder tumor and radiotherapy. Pelvic and retroperitoneal metastasis triggered bilateral hydronephrosis, and then palliative treatment was given with bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy. Finally, he died 12 months after diagnosis. PNETs are highly aggressive tumors characterized by the expression of MIC2 and neural markers and the presence of EWS-FLI1 translocation. We recommend histologic, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic analysis in all patients with small round blue cell bladder malignancy in order to rule out other small cell malignancies. Multimodal treatment, including surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy must be initiated. Patients aged ≤30 years underwent complete resection of tumor and standard chemotherapy showed a better prognosis, while those with metastasis, incomplete resection and inadequate response to chemotherapy showed poor prognosis. Moreover, an elevated NSE may indicate a poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Wu
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wei Chu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Mei
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gao L, Xie W, Li K, Huang G, Ji Y, Ou Y, Chen J. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of urinary bladder: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23032. [PMID: 33157954 PMCID: PMC7647600 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the urinary bladder is a highly aggressive tumor with high local recurrence and distant metastasis rates in cases of incomplete excision. We report a case of a young female patient, in whom early laparoscopic radical cystectomy combined with standard lymph node dissection and a modified vincristine, doxorubicin hydrochloride, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) chemotherapy regimen was controversial. Because PNET of the urinary bladder is a rare malignancy, the standard treatment regimen has not yet been established. It is not clear whether surgery combined with postoperative chemotherapy for PNET patients may be superior to surgery alone on long term survival. PATIENT CONCERNS The patient was a 45-year-old Chinese woman who complained of lower urinary tract symptoms, including urgency, frequency, and difficulty in urination, for 2 months. DIAGNOSES PNET. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy and standard lymph node dissection, combined with modified VAC chemotherapy regimens. OUTCOMES After undergoing radical surgery in 2018, the patient completed 6 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy. Abdominal and thorax computed tomography scanning was performed 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the surgery was completely free of tumor. The patient is still alive with no signs of recurrent disease 2 years after diagnosis. LESSONS Radical surgery and standard lymphadenectomy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy may be essential to improve the prognosis of PNET of the urinary bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang No.1 People's Hospital
| | - Gaomin Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Yuanhai Ji
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University
| | - Yangkang Ou
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Urology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baisakh MR, Tiwari A, Gandhi JS, Naik S, Sharma SK, Balzer BL, Sharma S, Peddinti K, Jha S, Sahu PK, Pradhan D, Geller M, Amin MB, Dhillon J, Mohanty SK. Primary round cell sarcomas of the urinary bladder with EWSR1 rearrangement: a multi-institutional study of thirteen cases with a review of the literature. Hum Pathol 2020; 104:84-95. [PMID: 32798549 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Primary Ewing sarcoma (ES) of the urinary bladder is a rare and aggressive small blue round cell malignant neoplasm associated primarily with translocation involving EWSR1 and FLI1 genes located in the 22nd and 11th chromosomes, respectively. To date, 18 cases have been published in the literature as single-case reports, based chiefly on CD99 positivity (17 patients). Molecular confirmation by fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed in 9 patients, and FLI1 immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was not performed in any of these published cases. Herein, we present thirteen patients of more comprehensive primary round cell sarcomas of the urinary bladder with EWSR1 rearrangement. Clinicopathologic parameters including demographics; clinical presentation; histopathologic, IHC, and molecular profiles; and management and follow-up data of 13 patients with primary round cell sarcomas with EWSR1 rearrangement (Ewing family of tumor) of the urinary bladder were analyzed. The studied patients (n = 13) included 6 females and 7 males; their age ranged from 4 years to 81 years (median = 30 years). The most common clinical presentation was hematuria (n = 7), followed by hydronephrosis (n = 2, one with renal failure). The tumor size ranged from 2.9 cm to 15 cm in maximum dimension. Conventional ES architecture and histology was observed in 6 cases, and diverse histology was observed in 7 cases (adamantinomatous pattern [n = 1], alveolar pattern [n = 1], ganglioneuroblastoma-like pattern [n = 2], and small cell carcinoma-like pattern [n = 3]). All the tumors were muscle invasive (invasion into the muscularis propria). IHC analysis showed that all tumors expressed FLI1, CD99, and at least one neuroendocrine marker. Focal cytokeratin staining was positive in 2 patients, and RB1 was retained in all patients. EWSR1 rearrangement was seen in 12 of 12 tumors (in 12 patients) tested. A combined multimodal approach that included surgery with chemotherapy was instituted in all patients. Follow-up was available for 11 patients (ranging from 5 to 24 months). Six patients either died of disease (n = 3) or other causes (n = 3). Five patients were alive with metastases to the liver (n = 1), liver and lung (n = 2), liver and abdominal wall (n = 1), and kidney (n = 1). Based on our experience with the largest series to date and aggregate of the published data, ES/round cell sarcomas with EWSR1 rearrangement occurring in the bladder have bimodal age distribution with poor prognosis despite aggressive therapy. Owing to its rarity and age distribution, the differential diagnosis is wide and requires a systematic approach for ruling out key age-dependent differential diagnoses aided with molecular confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manas R Baisakh
- Apollo Hospital, Bhubaneswar, 751005, India; Prolife Diagnostics, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - Ankit Tiwari
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Jatin S Gandhi
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kamal Peddinti
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751030, India
| | - Shilpy Jha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - Pradeepa K Sahu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751030, India
| | - Dinesh Pradhan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Matthew Geller
- Washington County Pathologists, PC Hillsboro, OR, 97123, USA
| | - Mahul B Amin
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | | | - Sambit K Mohanty
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, 751030, India; CORE Diagnostics, Gurgaon, 122016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ewing sarcoma of urinary bladder occurring simultaneously with high grade papillary urothelial carcinoma. Pathology 2020; 52:612-615. [PMID: 32600659 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
6
|
Ewing's Sarcoma as a Second Malignancy in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Hematologic Malignancies. Sarcoma 2016; 2016:5043640. [PMID: 27524931 PMCID: PMC4976151 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5043640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern multimodal treatment has significantly increased survival for patients affected by hematologic malignancies, especially in childhood. Following remission, however, the risk of developing a further malignancy is an important issue. The long-term estimated risk of developing a sarcoma as a secondary malignancy is increased severalfold in comparison to the general population. Ewing's sarcoma family encompasses a group of highly aggressive, undifferentiated, intra- and extraosseous, mesenchymal tumors, caused by several types of translocations usually involving the EWSR1 gene. Translocation associated sarcomas, such as Ewing sarcoma, are only rarely encountered as therapy associated secondary tumors. We describe the clinical course and management of three patients from a single institution with Ewing's sarcoma that followed successfully treated lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The literature on secondary Ewing's sarcoma is summarized and possible pathogenic mechanisms are critically discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lam CJ, Shayegan B. Complete resection of a primitive neuroectodermal tumour arising in the bladder of a 31-year-old female after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Can Urol Assoc J 2016; 10:E264-E267. [PMID: 28255420 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.3808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNET) that arise in the urinary bladder are an extremely rare occurrence. Very few cases have been reported so far in the literature1-13 and we report another case here in a 31-year-old-female. The patient presented with polyuria, gross hematuria, followed by development of anuria, and was discovered to have a 9.4 cm mass arising in the posterolateral aspect of the bladder. Histologically, the tumour showed small, round, blue cells. Further analysis using break-apart fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed non-random chromosomal translocations of the ews gene suggestive of Ewing sarcoma (ES)/PNET. The patient completed seven cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which significantly reduced the size of the lesion. Due to the location of the lesion, surgical resection of the entire bladder and urethra with use of a continent cutaneous reservoir was performed. Here, the management of a 31-year-old female with ES/PNET arising from the bladder is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J Lam
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bobby Shayegan
- Division of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tonyalı Ş, Yazıcı S, Yeşilırmak A, Ergen A. The Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumors of Urinary Bladder: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Balkan Med J 2016; 33:462-6. [PMID: 27606145 PMCID: PMC5001827 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.16533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only 15 cases of Ewing's Sarcoma (EWS) family of tumors of urinary bladder have been documented in the literature to date. CASE REPORT We presented here a 38 year-old female with primary urinary bladder EWS with no distant metastases. She had presented with macroscopic hematuria and had undergone transurethral resection of the tumor within the following week. Microscopic examination revealed a tumor diffusely infiltrating the lamina propria and muscularis propria under an intact urothelium, which was composed of small round blue cells with scant cytoplasm, monotonous round or oval nuclei, stippled chromatin and small nucleoli. Immunohistochemistry showed strong vimentin, synaptophysin and membranous CD99 expression by the tumor. Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis displayed the EWSR1 rearrangement. Radical cystectomy with total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, extended lymph node dissection, and ileal conduit were performed. As adjuvant chemotherapy, she received vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and mesna, alternating with courses of etoposide, iphosphamide and mesna. She is alive and well with no evidence of disease 14 months after the surgery. CONCLUSION Surgery supported with chemotherapy should be considered as an option, especially in advanced Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors of urinary bladder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Şenol Tonyalı
- Department of Urology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sertaç Yazıcı
- Department of Urology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysun Yeşilırmak
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Ergen
- Department of Urology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vallonthaiel AG, Kaur K, Jain D, Singh G, Tiwari D, Pramanik R, Singh P, Sharma MC. Ewing Sarcoma of Urinary Bladder Showing EWSR1 Rearrangement on FISH Analysis and Unique Response to Chemotherapy. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015; 14:e183-6. [PMID: 26684812 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavneet Kaur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Jain
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Geetika Singh
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deviprasad Tiwari
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raja Pramanik
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhjot Singh
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M C Sharma
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Successful complete resection of Ewing sarcoma arising from the bladder in a 10-year-old boy after chemotherapy. Pediatr Surg Int 2014; 30:965-9. [PMID: 25080033 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-014-3573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (ES) of the bladder is extremely rare. Here we report the successful treatment of the youngest case of ES arising from bladder encountered to date and a literature review. A 10-year-old boy who presented with polyuria and lower abdominal swelling was found to have a 13 cm mass arising from the bladder localized to the center of the lower abdomen. Biopsy confirmed ES. Following chemotherapy, the mass shrank to 5 cm and was found to be localized to the right side of the bladder with invasion of the right vas deferens. One-third of the right side of the bladder and part of the right vas deferens were resected. No viable cancer cells were detected in the resected specimen, and the surgical margins were reported to be negative. The patient is currently well with no recurrence or metastases after 11 months. There are 12 cases of Ewings sarcoma arising from the bladder reported in the English literature; two cases in children. Our case will be the third pediatric case and the youngest.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Mesenchymal tumours of the urinary bladder and prostate are infrequent neoplasms. The body of literature is growing with isolated case reports and short series, and the majority of cases are benign neoplasms. Other than stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential and prostatic stromal sarcoma, both neoplasms derived from the specific prostatic stroma, the mesenchymal neoplasms in these locations are identical to their counterparts seen in other organs. However, the limited amount of tissue generated by biopsy and rarity of mesenchymal lesions in these sites create unique diagnostic difficulties, while correct classification of the neoplasm often bears significant impact on prognosis and therapeutic strategy. In this review we summarise the diagnostic features, focus on the differential diagnosis, and highlight the potential diagnostic pitfalls of mesenchymal tumours of the bladder and prostate.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hiramoto N, Kobayashi Y, Nomoto J, Maruyama D, Watanabe T, Tochigi N, Furuta K, Takeda K, Chuman H, Yagyu S, Hosoi H, Tobinai K. Ewing Sarcoma Arising After Treatment of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2013; 43:417-21. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyt011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
13
|
Vezzoli P, Novara F, Fanoni D, Gambini D, Balice Y, Venegoni L, Paulli M, Crosti C, Berti E. Three cases of primary cutaneous lymphoblastic lymphoma: microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization and gene expression profiling studies with review of literature. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 53:1978-87. [PMID: 21879810 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.618233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a neoplasm of precursor B- or T-lymphocytes, and primary skin involvement is uncommon. The aim of the study was to review all reported primary cutaneous (PC)-LBLs and to examine three new cases to better characterize this neoplasm. Two of our patients showed a pre-B phenotype (PC-B-LBL) and one a never-reported pre-T phenotype (PC-T-LBL). The patient with PC-T-LBL showed an aggressive course, while those with PC-B-LBL showed a complete remission (CR) after polychemotherapy. Cytogenetic analysis and gene expression profiling (GEP) were performed on one case of PC-B-LBL and on that of PC-T-LBL. A specimen of PC-B-LBL and two specimens (early and late stage) of PC-T-LBL were investigated by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). All specimens revealed trisomy of chromosome 4. PC-T-LBL showed a gain of 1p36.33-p22.1 in the early stage and multiple chromosome gains/losses in the late stage. Our data suggest that trisomy 4 could be detected early in LBL and gain of 1p36.33-p22.1 could be an interesting marker in PC-T-LBL. LBL is an aggressive disease but, only in B-LBL, the cutaneous presentation seems to be a favorable prognostic factor and polychemotherapy is the best therapeutic approach. We suggest that PC-LBL should be included as a provisional clinicopathologic entity in future cutaneous lymphoma classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Vezzoli
- UO Dermatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dipartimento di Anestesiologia, Terapia Intensiva e Scienze Dermatologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Okada Y, Kamata S, Akashi T, Kurata M, Nakamura T, Kihara K. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor/Ewing's sarcoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and its molecular diagnosis. Int J Clin Oncol 2010; 16:435-8. [PMID: 21063743 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-010-0144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a rare case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor/Ewing's sarcoma (PNET/ES) arising from the urinary bladder. A 65-year-old man presented with hematuria and dysuria. Computed tomography revealed an enlarged invasive tumor at the base of the bladder. No additional abnormal findings were disclosed by other diagnostic imaging methods. The surgical specimens showed small round cell tumor with positive staining for MIC2 gene product (CD99). EWS-FLI1 fusion transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing, confirming the diagnosis of PNET/ES. The patient developed swollen pelvic lymph nodes as well as multiple lung metastases at 8 months postoperatively. No effective results could be obtained even with systemic chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, ifosfamide, doxorubicin and etoposide (VIDE) based on the EUROpean Ewing tumour Working Initiative of National Groups 1999 (EURO-E.W.I.N.G. 99) multinational trial. The patient died of acute superior mesenteric artery thrombosis at 22 months postoperatively. PNET/ES could have been included in past cases of small cell carcinoma because of the difficulty in its differential diagnosis. Exact diagnosis is crucial for deciding the treatment strategy for rare bladder tumors consisting of small round cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Okada
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Immunohistochemical Evaluation of FLI-1 in Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma (ALL). Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2009; 17:409-12. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e3181972b6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|