Predictability of a Professional Practice Model to Affect Nurse and Patient Outcomes

Quality and Safety in Nursing: Recommendations From a Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

As a consistent 24-hour presence in hospitals, nurses play a pivotal role in ensuring the quality and safety (Q&S) of patient care. However, a comprehensive review of evidence-based recommendations to guide nursing interventions that enhance the Q&S of patient care is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of our systematic review was to create evidence-based recommendations for the Q&S component of a nursing professional practice model for military hospitals. To accomplish this, a triservice military nursing team used Covidence software to conduct a systematic review of the literature across five databases. Two hundred forty-nine articles met inclusion criteria. From these articles, we created 94 recommendations for practice and identified eight focus areas from the literature: (1) communication; (2) adverse events; (3) leadership; (4) patient experience; (5) quality improvement; (6) safety culture/committees; (7) staffing/workload/work environment; and (8) technology/electronic health record. These findings provide suggestions for implementing Q&S practices that could be adapted to many healthcare delivery systems.

Components of Professional Practice Models

OBJECTIVE

This study describes common components of nursing professional practice models (NPPMs) of Magnet ® -designated nursing service organizations.

BACKGROUND

Components of professional practice models have not been consistently analyzed, suggesting a need to identify their concepts. Evidence-based guidelines may be unavailable to assist in the creation and revision of models.

METHODS

A checklist was used to analyze 56 Web-based NPPMs of Magnet-designated nursing departments.

RESULTS

Checklist items showed a match with parent organizations, an emphasis on patient- or family-centered care, a commitment to quality nursing services, and nursing's professional distinctiveness. Responses indicated engagement in shared governance and support of nursing staff's professional development. The concepts of health, care of sick and well people, and scope of nursing services were inconsistently addressed and call for further research.

CONCLUSION

Nurse leaders should examine concepts in NPPMs and the extent they distinguish nursing's professional identity both within and externally to the organization.

Components, Implementation, and Outcomes of a Nursing Professional Practice Model: A Systematic Review

Nursing professional practice models (PPMs) are known to have beneficial effects on nurse and patient outcomes. Determining what components should be present in a PPM, how to implement a PPM, and evaluating the outcomes associated with a PPM is less certain. Therefore, as part of a larger project to develop a nursing PPM for use within the United States Military Health System, this study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review on nursing PPMs. Specifically, the review sought to investigate components, implementation, and outcomes of PPMs in current literature. A total of 37 articles were included in the review. The literature supported the development of 12 recommendations for creating, implementing, and evaluating a nursing PPM. As health care facilities develop their own PPMs or reassess their current PPMs, findings from this review may assist hospital leadership by providing the most recent evidence on the strategic value of nursing PPMs in contemporary health care.

Job autonomy, perceptions of organizational policy, and the safety performance of nurses

AIMS

This study aimed to identify the relationship between nurses' job autonomy, perceptions of organizational policy, and safety performance by identifying the safety performance predictors of nurses working in acute health care settings in South Korea.

METHODS

Using data from a structured questionnaire, this cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the relationship between nurses' job autonomy, perceptions of organizational policy, and safety performance. In 2016, of the 290 nurses from nine acute care hospitals in South Korea invited to participate in the survey, 254 successfully did. Using cross-sectional data, characteristics of hospitals and nurses were analysed with t tests, one-way analyses of variance, Pearson correlations, and regression models.

RESULTS

On a scale of one to five, the mean job autonomy was 3.37, mean perceptions of organizational policy was 3.09, and mean safety performance was 3.75. Statistically significant positive correlations were found among job autonomy, perceptions of organizational policy, and safety performance. Multiple regression results found 44% of the variation in safety performance explained by job autonomy, length of employment, and perceptions of organizational policy.

CONCLUSION

Job autonomy and perceptions of organizational policy were positively related to safety performance. Hospital executives and nurse managers should work to enhance job autonomy and positive perceptions of organizational policy, to contribute to improving patient safety.

Fundamental care guided by the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model©

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

To propose the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model^© as a conceptual and practice solution to current fundamental nursing care erosion and deficits.

BACKGROUND

There is growing awareness of the crucial importance of fundamental care. Efforts are underway to heighten nurses' awareness of values that motivate fundamental care and thereby increase their attention to effective provision of fundamental care. However, there remains a need for nursing frameworks which motivate nurses to bring fundamental care values to life in their practice and strengthen their commitment to provide fundamental care.

DESIGN

This descriptive position paper builds on the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model^© (Careful Nursing). Careful Nursing elaborates explicit nursing values and addresses both relational and pragmatic aspects of nursing practice, offering an ideal guide to provision of fundamental nursing care.

METHOD

A comparative alignment approach is used to review the capacity of Careful Nursing to address fundamentals of nursing care.

CONCLUSIONS

Careful Nursing provides a value-based comprehensive and practical framework which can strengthen clinical nurses' ability to articulate and control their practice and, thereby, more effectively fulfil their responsibility to provide fundamental care and measure its effectiveness.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

This explicitly value-based nursing philosophy and professional practice model offers nurses a comprehensive, pragmatic and engaging framework designed to strengthen their control over their practice and ability to provide high-quality fundamental nursing care.

Exploring implementation of the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model© in hospital-based practice

AIM

To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of implementing the two clinical dimensions of the Careful Nursing Philosophy and Professional Practice Model^© (Careful Nursing) in an acute care hospital.

BACKGROUND

Implementation of a professional practice model by nurses in hospitals supports nurses' control over their practice and enhances the quality of their contribution to patient care. Implementing such change is complex and initially best approached on a small scale.

METHODS

A mixed methods exploratory design was used. Data were sought from 23 professional nurses practising in a 26-bed acute medical ward for older persons. Quantitative data were collected on nurses' control over and documentation of their practice. Qualitative data were collected on nurses' perceptions of their practice.

RESULT

Nurses' control over practice and adherence to practice documentation standards increased. Overall, the nurses perceived Careful Nursing-guided practice positively. Feasibility issues were identified and addressed.

CONCLUSION

Exploratory evidence suggests that Careful Nursing could influence nurses' practice and overall perception of practice positively; its implementation is feasible.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT

Careful Nursing offers a distinctive nursing framework for professional practice. This study can provide a strategy for implementing Careful Nursing-guided changes in hospital-based practice on an exploratory level.

Qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem: construção e validação de um instrumento

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever o processo de construção e validação de uma escala para mensurar a percepção dos enfermeiros acerca das atividades que contribuem para a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem. Método: estudo de cunho metodológico pautado na revisão da literatura, na opinião de peritos e na experiência dos investigadores. Foi desenvolvido um instrumento contendo seis dimensões e 25 itens, sendo aplicado no formato de questionário a 775 enfermeiros em um hospital do norte de Portugal, no período de maio a julho de 2014. Para a validação empregou-se a análise fatorial exploratória e a avaliação da consistência interna de cada fator/dimensão. Resultados: a análise fatorial indicou para ajustes na composição original da escala, que passou a ser constituída por sete dimensões, mantendo-se os 25 itens, apresentando uma elevada consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach de 0,940). Conclusão: a versão final da escala apresenta adequadas propriedades psicométricas, revelando potencial para utilização em futuros estudos.