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Irawati K, Indarwati F, Haris F, Lu JY, Shih YH. Religious Practices and Spiritual Well-Being of Schizophrenia: Muslim Perspective. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:739-748. [PMID: 36936366 PMCID: PMC10019082 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s402582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore religious activities and its functions on the spiritual wellbeing of Muslim patients with schizophrenia. Patients and Methods Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in six schizophrenia inpatients and two female nurses. Document analysis of the standard operating procedure related to patients' spiritual needs fulfilment and patients' medical records were also undertaken in order to triangulate data and to get insights about patient spiritual and religious activity. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. Results Five themes and 12 sub themes were revealed from the study data. The five themes elicited from the study namely frequency, timing, barriers to perform religious activities, impact on health status and negative effects if not performing the religious activities. Religious activities such as salat and dhikr for schizophrenia inpatients are still performed five times a day and when they are not getting period. Feeling upset, restless, happy, grateful, and when they are missing their family was the common reason why patients perform the religious activities. The main barriers to performing salat and dhikr for example: insufficient prayer tools and Al-Qur'an, as well as patients' physical conditions. Religious activities such as salat and dhikr positively impact patients' physical and mental health status, mindfulness, and concentration. Negative impacts physical and emotional are released when patients did not perform salat and dhikr. Conclusion The findings show that salat and dhikr which perform on time and regularly have a positive impact on the physical and mental health of schizophrenia inpatients. The author might recommend the mental health hospital provide adequate worship or prayer equipment (gown and Al-Qur`an) for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellyana Irawati
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ferika Indarwati
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fahni Haris
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jing-Yi Lu
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yin-Hwa Shih; Jing-Yi Lu, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Republic of China, Tel +886-4-23323456 #20040; +886-4-23323456 #1894, Fax +886-4-23316699, Email ;
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Needs for nurses to provide spiritual care and their associated influencing factors among elderly inpatients with stroke in China: A cross-sectional quantitative study. Palliat Support Care 2022; 20:407-416. [PMID: 35469586 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951522000426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the spiritual care needs and associated influencing factors among elderly inpatients with stroke, and to examine the correlations among spiritual care needs, spiritual well-being, self-perceived burden, self-transcendence, and social support. METHODS A cross-sectional quantitative design was implemented, and the STROBE Checklist was used as the foundation of the study. A convenience sample of 458 elderly inpatients with stroke was selected from three hospitals in China. The sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Nurse Spiritual Therapeutics Scale, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being, the Self-Perceived Burden Scale, the Chinese Self-Transcendence Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale were used. Descriptive statistics, correlation, Student's t-test, ANOVA, non-parametric, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The total score of spiritual care needs was 29.82 ± 7.65. Spiritual care needs were positively correlated with spiritual well-being (r = 0.709, p < 0.01), self-transcendence (r = 0.710, p < 0.01), and social support (r = 0.691, p < 0.01), whereas being negatively correlated with self-perceived burden (r = -0.587, p < 0.01). Religious beliefs, educational level, residence place, disease course, spiritual well-being, self-perceived burden, self-transcendence, and social support were found to be the main influencing factors. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The spiritual care needs were prevalent and moderate. It is suggested that nurses should enhance spiritual care knowledge and competence, take targeted spiritual care measures according to inpatients' individual personality traits or characteristics and differences of patients, reduce their self-perceived burden and improve their spiritual well-being, self-transcendence and social support in multiple ways and levels, so as to meet their spiritual care needs to the greatest extent and enhance their spiritual comfort.
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Wang Z, Zhao H, Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Li X, Xiao L, Zhu Y, Han G, Yan Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Pang X. Correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health of Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional correlational study. Palliat Support Care 2022; 20:243-254. [PMID: 35078546 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951521001966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The significance of spiritual care competence among nurses has been emphasized across countries and cultures in many studies. However, there were few studies on correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health of nurses in China. OBJECTIVE To investigate spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health, and examine the correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health, and the mediating role of spiritual health between other two variables of Chinese nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional and correlational design was implemented, and the STROBE Checklist was used to report the study. A convenience sample of 2,181 nurses were selected from 17 hospitals in 3 provinces, China. Participants provided data on sociodemographic by completing the Chinese Version of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale, the Chinese Version of the Spiritual Care-Giving Scale, and the Spiritual Health Scale Short Form. Descriptive statistics, univariate, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze data. RESULTS The total scores of spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health were 58.25 ± 16.21, 144.49 ± 16.87, and 84.88 ± 10.57, respectively, which both were moderate. Spiritual care competence was positively correlated with spiritual care perceptions (r = 0.653, p < 0.01) and spiritual health (r = 0.587, p < 0.01). And spiritual health played a mediating role between the other two variables (accounting for 35.6%). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS The spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health of Chinese nurses need to be improved. It is recommended that nursing managers should pay attention to spiritual care education of nurses, and improve spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health in multiple ways, so as to improve their spiritual care competence and to maximize the satisfy spiritual care needs of patients in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haomei Zhao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, HeBei, China
| | - Siai Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Luwei Xiao
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yishan Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- University of Health, Tianjin College, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Pang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Cone P, Giske T. Mental Health Staff Perspectives on Spiritual Care Competencies in Norway: A Pilot Study. Front Psychol 2022; 12:794165. [PMID: 35250693 PMCID: PMC8894710 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.794165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirituality and spiritual care have long been kept separate from patient care in mental health, primarily because it has been associated with psycho-pathology. Nursing has provided limited spiritual care competency training for staff in mental health due to fears that psychoses may be activated or exacerbated if religion and spirituality are addressed. However, spirituality is broader than simply religion, including more existential issues such as providing non-judgmental presence, attentive listening, respect, and kindness (International Council of Nursing [ICN], 2012). Unfortunately, healthcare personnel working in mental health institutions are not well prepared to address spiritual concerns or resources of their patients (Cone and Giske, 2018). Therefore, a mixed-method pilot study was conducted using a self-assessment survey tool to examine spiritual care competencies of mental health staff in Norway and to understand the perspectives of mental health staff in the Scandinavian context (Stockman, 2018). Five questions and comments related to survey items provided rich qualitative data. While only a small pilot with 24 participants, this study revealed a need for spiritual care educational materials targeted specifically for those who work in mental health, materials that address the approach of improving attitudes, enhancing skills, and increasing knowledge related to spirituality and spiritual care of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Cone
- School of Nursing, Azusa Pacific University, Greater Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tove Giske
- Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Bergen, Norway
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Van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse JC, Schaap-Jonker H, Anbeek C, Braam AW. Religious/spiritual care needs and treatment alliance among clinical mental health patients. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2021; 28:370-383. [PMID: 32890450 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The relationship between patient and professional is one of the cornerstones of successful treatment in mental health care. For part of the mental health patients, a similar outlook on life with their caregiver(s) is important. Attention to religion/spirituality (R/S) in mental health care is likely to influence the relationship between a patient and mental health professional, for patients preferring so. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Patients, who appreciate and experience personalized attention to R/S in conversations with practitioners and nurses, are likely to receive the highest therapeutic benefit from their relationship with their mental health professionals Patients who welcome personalized attention to R/S in conversations but find themselves unsupported in this regard experience significantly lower levels of treatment alliance than do those whose needs are met or those who do not express such needs For religious and nonreligious patients attaching importance to a similar outlook on life with practitioner or nurse, this experience was also related to a better relationship, compared with patients preferring so but experiencing a different outlook on life. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Personalized attention to R/S in conversations is recommended, both for practitioners and nurses. In case of a different outlook on life between a patient and mental health professional, addressing R/S with an open and respectful attitude may prevent negative effects on a patient's treatment experience. ABSTRACT: Introduction Attention to religion and spirituality (R/S) in mental health care has increased and may benefit treatment alliance. Aim To describe the association of (un)met R/S care needs with treatment alliance and compliance among mental health patients. Methods Patients in a Christian and a secular mental health clinic (n = 201) filled in a questionnaire. Scales of met and unmet R/S care needs (range 0-14) were regressed on the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), Service Engagement Scale and Medication Adherence Report Scale. Ancova analyses were performed for the fourteen R/S care needs separately. Results In the Christian clinic, met R/S care needs were associated with a higher WAI score (p = .001) and unmet R/S care needs, with a lower WAI score (p = .000). For the Secular clinic, the same trends were observed, but insignificant. Items with the strongest associations were conversations about religious distress with a nurse (p = .000) and a similar outlook on life with practitioner (p = .001) or nurse (p = .005). (Un)met R/S care needs were not associated with treatment compliance. Discussion and implications for practice We recommend personalized attention to R/S in conversations. A (perceived) similar outlook on life with mental health professionals may be beneficial for religious and nonreligious patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke C Van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse
- Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies for a Plural Society, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Center for Research and Innovation in Christian Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Schaap-Jonker
- Center for Research and Innovation in Christian Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.,Department of Religion and Theology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Anbeek
- Department of Religion and Theology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Braam
- Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies for a Plural Society, University of Humanistic Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Residency Training, Altrecht Mental Health Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Janů A, Malinakova K, Kosarkova A, Tavel P. Associations of childhood trauma experiences with religious and spiritual struggles. J Health Psychol 2020; 27:292-304. [PMID: 32830557 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320950793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood trauma is associated with many interpersonal and psychosocial problems in adulthood. The aim of this study was to explore the associations with a spiritual area of personality, namely religious and spiritual struggles (R/S struggles). A nationally representative sample of 1,000 Czech respondents aged 15 years and older participated in the survey. All types of CT were associated with an increased level of all six types of R/S struggles, with the highest values for demonic struggles. Thus, the findings of this study might be important for clinical practice and pastoral care as well as a further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janů
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Malinakova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Kosarkova
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Tavel
- Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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