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McIntyre DB, Dawson BM, Long BM, Barton PS. A review of multi-disciplinary decomposition research and key drivers of variation in decay. Int J Legal Med 2024:10.1007/s00414-024-03222-2. [PMID: 38622312 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-024-03222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The decomposition of animal remains is a multifaceted process, involving ecological, biological, and chemical interactions. While the complexity is acknowledged through concepts like the necrobiome, it's unclear if this complexity is reflected in research. Appreciation of the complexity of decomposition is crucial for identifying sources of variation in estimations of time since death in medico-legal science, as well as building broader ecological knowledge of the decomposition process. To gain insights into the extent of multidisciplinary research in the field of decomposition science, we conducted an examination of peer-reviewed literature on four key drivers of variation: volatile organic compounds, microbes, drugs/toxins, and insects. Among 650 articles, we identified their scientific discipline, driver/s of variation investigated, and year of publication. We found that 19% explored relationships between two drivers, while only 4% investigated interactions between three. None considered all four drivers. Over the past three decades, there has been a steady increase in decomposition research publications, signifying its growing importance. Most research (79%) was linked to forensic science, highlighting opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration in decomposition science. Overall, our review underscores the need to incorporate multidisciplinary approaches and theory into contemporary decomposition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna B McIntyre
- Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, 3350, Australia.
- Graduate Research School, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, 3350, Australia.
| | - Blake M Dawson
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2350, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Long
- Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, 3350, Australia
| | - Philip S Barton
- Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, 3350, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
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2
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Bhardwaj T, Sharma S, Dalal J, Tanwar R. Effects of aluminium phosphide on larval morphometry of two important Chrysomya species. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:73-83. [PMID: 36572803 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chrysomya megacephala and C. rufifacies are globally predominant species of blowflies that are amongst the primary colonisers of decomposing carcasses. The development of blowflies has been studied extensively to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). This article evaluates the effect of aluminium phosphide (AlP) on the larval morphometry and life cycles of C. megacephala and C. rufifacies. The rabbits were given different dosages of AlP and their livers were excised to rear C. megacephala and C. rufifacies. Through multiple-regression analysis, we assessed the overall impact of varying dosages of AlP on larvae of both species. AlP accelerated development until pupation, whilst the time until emergence remained the same. At higher concentrations, AlP had a positive effect on the development of these species. Since both species are abundant, forensic entomology studies examining the effect of AlP on morphometry and developmental stages would provide valuable information to investigators assessing PMImin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapeshwar Bhardwaj
- Department of Forensic Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, HR, 124001, India
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Department of Forensic Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, HR, 124001, India.
| | - Jyoti Dalal
- Department of Forensic Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, PB, 144411, India
| | - Ravi Tanwar
- Department of Forensic Science, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, HR, 124001, India
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3
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Castillo-Alanis LA, Lira-Paredes AA, Pedraza-Lara C, Quijano-Mateos A, Bravo-Gómez ME. Effect of Malathion on the Development of Megaselia scalaris (Loew, 1866) (Diptera: Phoridae), a Forensically Important Fly. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:826-834. [PMID: 35323983 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Malathion is a widely used organophosphorus pesticide; it is also a molecule of forensic interest due to its moderate to high toxicity in nontarget organisms, humans included. This compound is present in some fatal intoxications, accidental or intentional; its presence in the tissues on which the cadaveric entomofauna feeds may affect its growth rate and life cycle duration leading to an error in the estimation of the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). Since the toxic effect of malathion on the cadaveric entomofauna could affect the estimation of the PMImin, the aim of this work was to study the toxic effect of malathion on the growth and development of the scuttle fly, Megaselia scalaris, a fly of forensic interest which plays an important role in forensics cases related to human remains found indoors or in concealed environments. The study was complemented with some morphological observations; no morphological changes were observed in the larvae, nor the adult flies exposed to malathion. Malathion affects the viability of the egg and pupa, it also reduces the larval growth rate and increases the duration of the larval stage; therefore, the estimation of the PMImin, with this species when malathion is present in tissues, could be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Alejandra Castillo-Alanis
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Química Forense, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, ZC 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Adrián Alonso Lira-Paredes
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Química Forense, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, ZC 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Carlos Pedraza-Lara
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, ZC 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - Alejandra Quijano-Mateos
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Química Forense, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, ZC 04510, Mexico City, México
| | - María Elena Bravo-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología y Química Forense, Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, ZC 04510, Mexico City, México
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McIntyre DB, Conlan X, Harvey ML. The effects of hydrated lime and bleach on carrion decomposition and associated insect succession. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2022.2032342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donna B. McIntyre
- Deakin University School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Federation University School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia
| | - Xavier Conlan
- Deakin University School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michelle L. Harvey
- Deakin University School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Keshavarzi D, Rassi Y, Oshaghi MA, Azizi K, Rafizadeh S, Alimohammadi A, Parkhideh SZ. Effects of ante-mortem use of methadone on insect succession patterns. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-021-00231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Evaluation of insect succession patterns is a scientific method to estimate the time elapsed since death. Several studies have shown that ante-mortem intake of opioids affect maggot growth rate. However, there are few published data that investigate the effect of ante-mortem opioid use on insect succession patterns.
Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of methadone on the succession patterns of insects on rabbit carcasses during the spring and winter of 2019. In the present study, the H-null hypothesis represents the dissimilarity between the successional waves of species from testing and control carcasses (H0: P: 0).
Results
During this study, 15 and 13 insect species were collected from carcasses during the spring and winter, respectively. The most dominant species during the both seasons were Chrysomya albiceps and Calliphora vicina. These two species preferred to lay eggs on the control carcasses earlier than the treated carcasses. Lucilia cuprina was observed only from the remains of untreated carcasses, while Saprinus chalcites and Necrobia rufipes were recorded only from the remains of treated rabbits. Samples indicate that 11.8% of the insects were members of the Coleoptera. Permutation analyzes based on the Mantel test were 0.647 ± 0.16 (P = 0.009) and 0.693 ± 0.16 (P = 0.003) for the similarity of the species between treated and untreated carcasses in the spring and winter, respectively. Permutation analyzes for the two most dominant fly species (Ch. albiceps and C. vicina) between the treated and untreated carcasses in the spring and winter were 0.515 ± 0.15 (P = 0.05) and 0.491 ± 0.14 (P = 0.09), respectively.
Conclusion
The results revealed that the overall pattern of insect succession was similar between the treated and untreated rabbit carcasses. However, the patterns of succession of Chrysomya albiceps and Calliphora vicina differed slightly between treated and untreated carcasses, and this could have an effect on the PMI min estimate.
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Jales JT, Barbosa TM, Soares VP, Gama RA. Effect of Terbufos (Organophosphate) on the Cadaveric Colonization Process: Implications for Postmortem Interval Calculation. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1056-1063. [PMID: 33558871 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The determination of necrophagous fly specie's development time is considered an accurate method for estimating postmortem interval (PMI). However, pesticides and other chemicals can alter the flies' life cycle, inducing errors in PMI estimation. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of Terbufos (Organophosphates) on the temporal dispersion pattern and development of immature dipterans associated with decaying rat carcasses. For this, 150 g female Wistar rats received, via gavage, 200 µl of Terbufos (5 or 10 mg/kg) or distilled water (control) and, after 30 min of administration, the animals were euthanized and distributed in suspended traps to decompose under environmental conditions. The dispersing immatures were collected daily, and their development time was monitored until the emergence of adult flies. After data analysis, it was observed that Terbufos altered 1) the temporal pattern of larval dispersion; 2) the composition and structure of the colonizing assemblage (emerged adults); 3) species' development time, accelerating or delaying their cycle, depending on the dose used; and 4) the califorids and sarcophagids emergence rate, increasing the mortality of pupae from intoxicated carcasses. Thus, this work demonstrates experimentally that Terbufos directly influences the development of flies with forensic potential and discusses the implications for PMI estimation, which can assist in future investigative processes with suspected poisoning by this organophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Jales
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - T M Barbosa
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - V P Soares
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - R A Gama
- Laboratory of Insect and Vectors, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Sen. Salgado Filho, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Xu W, Zhang Y, Wang J. Forensic Entomology in China and Its Challenges. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12030230. [PMID: 33800343 PMCID: PMC8001280 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Forensic entomologists utilize sarcosaprophagous insect species to estimate the postmortem interval to aid death investigations. In this paper, we present the recent chronology of forensic entomology in China and illustrate how identification, development, and succession data are obtained and applied at the scale of such a large country. To overcome the difficulties and challenges forensic entomology faces in China, a number of countermeasures are provided. Abstract While the earliest record of forensic entomology originated in China, related research did not start in China until the 1990s. In this paper, we review the recent research progress on the species identification, temperature-dependent development, faunal succession, and entomological toxicology of sarcosaprophagous insects as well as common applications of forensic entomology in China. Furthermore, the difficulties and challenges forensic entomologists face in China are analyzed and possible countermeasures are presented.
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Galil FMAA, Zambare SP, Al-Mekhlafi FA, Al-Keridis LA. Effect of dimethoate on the developmental rate of forensic importance Calliphoridae flies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:1267-1271. [PMID: 33613056 PMCID: PMC7878685 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Forensic entomotoxicology has grown to impact judicial systems in developed countries. Where the use of insects and maggots as samples in death investigations as an alternative technique, especially following degradation or loss of the conventionally used samples. Carrion flies feed on dead bodies and may ingest toxic substances found in the dead body, especially when the body was poisoned before death. The knowledge of how the chemicals interact with the insect following ingestion is crucial to forensic entomotoxicologists. The study investigated the impact of dimethoate on the life cycle of four species of Calliphoridae flies, namely Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya saffranea, Chrysomya rufifacies and Chrysomya indiana. Various concentrations of dimethoate (1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm and 4 ppm) were utilized in the study. The rate of development of the carrion flies showed a negative correlation with the concentration of the chemical. This paper glares at the impact of the chemicals may pose to the insects, and how analysis of such impacts can guide forensic investigations of poisoning and help the investigators to solve the crime puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Mohammed Abd Al Galil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bisha, P.O. Box: 551, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Thamar University, Yemen
| | | | - Fahd A Al-Mekhlafi
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Yemen
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Jales JT, Barbosa TDM, dos Santos LC, Rachetti VDPS, Gama RA. Carrion decomposition and assemblage of necrophagous dipterans associated with Terbufos (Organophosphate) intoxicated rat carcasses. Acta Trop 2020; 212:105652. [PMID: 32768396 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphate use represents one of the main causes of intentional and accidental poisoning in Brazil. Because they induce alteration in carcass decomposition and succession of necrophagous Diptera, they are important investigative tool in forensic entomology for determining the postmortem interval (PMI) and cause of death. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the influence of Terbufos, the most commonly used organophosphate for suicides in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in the decomposition process and necrophagous fly assemblies in intoxicated rat carcasses. For this, 150g female Wistar rats received, by gavage, 200µL of Terbufos (5mg/kg or 10mg/kg) or distilled water (control). Approximately 30 minutes after administration, animals were euthanized and distributed in suspended traps to decompose under environmental conditions. Decomposition was monitored daily, with photographic record and collection of the visiting dipterofauna until the dry phase. Data show that the higher dose of Terbufos i) accelerates carcass decomposition in 24h; ii) decreases the species richness and abundance of scavengers flies when compared to the control; iii) changes the succession pattern, delaying the arrival of important species for the PMI estimate and iv) causes 8% mortality of the visiting dipterofauna. This work provides relevant information about dipteran assemblages and changes in the cadaver decomposition process associated with Terbufos intoxication, which may assist in future investigative processes with suspected organophosphate poisoning.
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10
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The implication of morphometrics and growth rate of dipteran flies in forensic entomotoxicology research: a review. Naturwissenschaften 2020; 107:50. [PMID: 33211187 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-020-01707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Forensic entomotoxicology integrates toxicology into forensic entomology to estimate minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) and circumstances of death where toxicants and poisonous substances are the suspected cause of death. Forensic entomotoxicology not only confirms the presence of toxicants in insects feeding off a cadaver but also studies its effect on the bio-morphometry and growth rate of insects. This review article highlights the effects of various toxicants on forensically important species of dipteran flies. It also discusses the parameters that may affect accuracy in estimation of time since death. The bio-physical effects of toxicants (excluding the analytical approach for qualitative detection) would help understand the trends in forensic entomotoxicological research worldwide.
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Chophi R, Sharma S, Sharma S, Singh R. Forensic entomotoxicology: Current concepts, trends and challenges. J Forensic Leg Med 2019; 67:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Pardo S, Martínez AM, Figueroa JI, Chavarrieta JM, Viñuela E, Rebollar-Alviter Á, Miranda MA, Valle J, Pineda S. Insecticide resistance of adults and nymphs of Asian citrus psyllid populations from Apatzingán Valley, Mexico. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:135-140. [PMID: 28719016 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, the most important pest of citrus worldwide, is based on the use of insecticides, though unsatisfactory results have recently been reported. In this study, insecticide resistance of D. citri to three insecticides (bifenthrin, malathion, and chlorpyrifos) was examined. RESULTS Three populations (designated Dci-CParácuaro, Dci-El Junco, and Dci-Antúnez) of both adults and fourth-instar D. citri individuals were collected in 2014 at two different times and on one occasion, respectively, from three locations (Crucero de Parácuaro, El Junco, and Antúnez). These locations represent the major commercial Mexican lemon production areas in the Apatzingán Valley in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. The three populations of D. citri adults and fourth-instar nymphs at the different collection times showed low levels of resistance (≤7-fold) to bifenthrin, but were very resistant to malathion (≤345- and ≤432-fold for adults and fourth instars, respectively) and chlorpyrifos (≤2435- and ≤1424-fold for adults and fourth instars, respectively). CONCLUSION Resistance levels to the tested insecticides were highly variable but homogeneous among seasons and localities. Resistance management programmes that include crop sanitation, use of biological and cultural control practices, and rotation of insecticide classes should be established, particularly in areas where D. citri has developed resistance to malathion and chlorpyrifos. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Pardo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ana M Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - José I Figueroa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Juan M Chavarrieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Elisa Viñuela
- Protección de Cultivos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mario A Miranda
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Antúnez, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Javier Valle
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Samuel Pineda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
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Li C, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Lin H, Zhang J, Huang P, Wang Z. Research progress in the estimation of the postmortem interval by Chinese forensic scholars. Forensic Sci Res 2016; 1:3-13. [PMID: 30483604 PMCID: PMC6197124 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2016.1229377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The determination of time since death or the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important and frequently asked questions in forensic medicine. Medicolegal scholars and forensic pathologists around the world have studied the estimation of PMI extensively in the past, and many novel methods and advanced technologies have now been applied in the field. For several centuries, Chinese forensic examiners have also worked on the estimation of the PMI, and there are a large number of excellent studies published in Chinese rather than in English, and these are not easily accessible or known internationally. Therefore we have conducted a review of relevant studies published by Chinese forensic scholars in the last few decades. The scope of this review is to provide a concise summary of the current progress in the estimation of PMI by Chinese forensic researchers using molecular biology, spectroscopic technology, entomological methods, energy changes, thanatochemistry and other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Li
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, PRC, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinming Zhang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hancheng Lin
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, PRC, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyuan Wang
- School of Forensic Science and Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Abstract
Forensic entomology can be useful to the veterinary professional in cases of animal cruelty. A main application of forensic entomology is to determine the minimum postmortem interval by estimating the time of insect colonization, based on knowledge of the rate of development of pioneer colonizers and on insect species succession during decomposition of animal remains. Since insect development is temperature dependent, these estimates require documentation of the environmental conditions, including ambient temperature. It can also aid in the detection and recognition of wounds, as well as estimate the timing of periods of neglect. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of insects that colonize animal remains may suggest that there has been movement or concealment of the carcass or can create associations between a suspect, a victim, and a crime scene. In some instances, it can aid in the detection of drugs or toxins within decomposed or skeletonized remains. During animal cruelty investigations, it may become the responsibility of the veterinary professional to document and collect entomological evidence from live animals or during the necropsy. The applications of forensic entomology are discussed. A protocol is described for documenting and collecting entomological evidence at the scene and during the necropsy, with additional emphasis on recording geographic location, meteorological data, and collection and preservation of insect specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Brundage
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - J. H. Byrd
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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15
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Dhall M, Madan AK. Conversion of viscous liquid malathion into free flowing solids through co-inclusion in urea for multiple benefits. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-016-0648-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Effects of methamphetamine and its primary human metabolite, p-hydroxymethamphetamine, on the development of the Australian blowfly Calliphora stygia. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 241:102-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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