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Li S, Tang G, Jain P, Lin P, Xu J, Miranda RN, Cheng J, Yin CC, You MJ, Wang ML, Medeiros LJ. SOX11+ Large B-Cell Neoplasms: Cyclin D1-Negative Blastoid/Pleomorphic Mantle Cell Lymphoma or Large B-Cell Lymphoma? Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100405. [PMID: 38104893 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Large or blastoid B-cell neoplasms that are SOX11+ are a diagnostic dilemma and raise a differential diagnosis of cyclin D1-negative blastoid/pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) versus diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or blastoid high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) with aberrant SOX11 expression. Here we report a study cohort of 13 SOX11+ large/blastoid B-cell neoplasms. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was negative for CCND1 rearrangement in all 13 cases; 1 of 8 (12.5%) cases tested showed CCND2 rearrangement and 2 (25%) cases had extracopies of CCND2. Gene expression profiling showed that the study group had a gene expression signature similar to cyclin D1+ blastoid/pleomorphic MCL but different from DLBCL. Principal component analysis revealed that the cohort cases overlapped with cyclin D1+ blastoid/pleomorphic MCL but had minimal overlap with DLBCL. All patients in the cohort had clinicopathologic features similar to those reported for patients with cyclin D1+ MCL. We also performed a survey of SOX11 expression in a group of 85 cases of DLBCL and 24 cases of blastoid HGBL. SOX11 expression showed a 100% specificity and positive predictive value for the diagnosis of MCL. Overall, the results support the conclusion that large or blastoid B-cell neoplasms that are positive for SOX11 are best classified as cyclin D1-negative blastoid/pleomorphic MCL, and not as DLBCL or blastoid HGBL. We also conclude that SOX11 is a specific marker for the diagnosis of MCL, including cyclin D1-negative blastoid/pleomorphic MCL cases and should be performed routinely on blastoid/large B-cell neoplasms to help identify potential cases of cyclin D1-negative blastoid/pleomorphic MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Guilin Tang
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Preetesh Jain
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joanne Cheng
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael L Wang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Rodriguez-Pinilla SM, Dojcinov S, Dotlic S, Gibson SE, Hartmann S, Klimkowska M, Sabattini E, Tousseyn TA, de Jong D, Hsi ED. Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a report of the lymphoma workshop of the 20th meeting of the European Association for Haematopathology. Virchows Arch 2024; 484:15-29. [PMID: 37530792 PMCID: PMC10791773 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases and our concepts are evolving as we learn more about their clinical, pathologic, molecular genetic features. Session IV of the 2020 EAHP Workshop covered aggressive, predominantly high-grade B-cell lymphomas, many that were difficult to classify. In this manuscript, we summarize the features of the submitted cases and highlight differential diagnostic difficulties. We specifically review issues related to high-grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBCLs) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements including TdT expression in these cases, HGBCL, not otherwise specified, large B-cell lymphomas with IRF4 rearrangement, high-grade/large B-cell lymphomas with 11q aberration, Burkitt lymphoma, and pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma. Since the workshop, the 5th edition of the WHO Classification for Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO-HAEM5) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 were published. We endeavor to use the updated terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Dojcinov
- Department of Pathology, Morriston Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Snjezana Dotlic
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sarah E Gibson
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Frankfurt Am Main, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Monika Klimkowska
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Sabattini
- Haematopathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thomas A Tousseyn
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Lab, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daphne de Jong
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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3
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Immunohistochemistry for LEF1 and SOX11 Adds Diagnostic Specificity in Small B-Cell Lymphomas. Hum Pathol 2022; 121:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Kaplan LD, Maurer MJ, Stock W, Bartlett NL, Fulton N, Pettinger A, Byrd JC, Blum KA, LaCasce AS, Hsi ED, Liu YT, Scott DW, Hurd D, Ruppert AS, Hernandez‐Ilizaliturri F, Leonard JP, Cheson BD. Bortezomib consolidation or maintenance following immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for mantle cell lymphoma: CALGB/Alliance 50403. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:583-593. [PMID: 32170769 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Immunochemotherapy followed by autologous transplant (ASCT) in CALGB/Alliance 59909 achieved a median progression-free survival (PFS) in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) of 5 years, but late recurrences occurred. We evaluated tolerability and efficacy of adding post-transplant bortezomib consolidation (BC) or maintenance (BM) to this regimen in CALGB/Alliance 50403, a randomized phase II trial. Following augmented-dose R-CHOP/ methotrexate, high-dose cytarabine-based stem cell mobilization, cyclophosphamide/carmustine/etoposide (CBV) autotransplant, and rituximab, patients were randomized to BC (1.3 mg/m2 IV days 1, 4, 8, 11 of a 3-week cycle for four cycles) or BM (1.6 mg/m2 IV once weekly × 4 every 8 weeks for 18 months) beginning day 90. The primary endpoint was PFS, measured from randomization for each arm. Proliferation signature, Ki67, and postinduction minimal residual disease (MRD) in bone marrow were assessed. Of 151 patients enrolled; 118 (80%) underwent ASCT, and 102 (68%) were randomized. Both arms met the primary endpoint, with median PFS significantly greater than 4 years (P < .001). The 8-year PFS estimates in the BC and BM arms were 54.1% (95% CI 40.9%-71.5%) and 64.4% (95% 51.8%-79.0%), respectively. Progression-free survival was significantly longer for transplanted patients on 50403 compared with those on 59909. Both the PFS and OS were significantly better for those who were MRD-negative post-induction. The high risk proliferation signature was associated with adverse outcome. Both BM and BC were efficacious and tolerable, although toxicity was significant. The comparison between studies 50403 and 59909 with long-term follow up suggests a PFS benefit from the addition of BC or BM post- transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence D. Kaplan
- Medicine/Hematology‐OncologyUniversity of California, San Francisco San Francisco California USA
| | - Matthew J. Maurer
- Alliance Statistics and Data CenterMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - Wendy Stock
- Medicine, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Nancy L. Bartlett
- Siteman Cancer CenterWashington University School of Medicine St Louis Missouri USA
| | - Noreen Fulton
- Medicine, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Adam Pettinger
- Alliance Statistics and Data CenterMayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
| | - John C. Byrd
- Hematology, The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | | | - Ann S. LaCasce
- Medical OncologyDana‐Farber/Partners CancerCare Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Eric D. Hsi
- Department of Laboratory MedicineCleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Yi Tian Liu
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - David W. Scott
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - David Hurd
- Hematology‐OncologyWake Forest University Health Sciences Winston‐Salem North Carolina USA
| | - Amy S. Ruppert
- Alliance Statistics and Data CenterThe Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | | | - John P. Leonard
- Department of MedicineWeill Medical College of Cornell University New York New York USA
| | - Bruce D. Cheson
- Hematology‐OncologyMedStar Georgetown University Hospital Washington District of Columbia USA
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Lee W, Shin E, Kim BH, Kim H. Diagnostic accuracy of SOX11 immunohistochemistry in mantle cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225096. [PMID: 31714947 PMCID: PMC6850764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SOX11 is a transcription factor that is normally expressed in the fetal brain and has also been detected in some malignant tumors, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MCL is a mature B-cell lymphoma that characteristically expresses cyclin D1, which has been used as a diagnostic tumor marker. SOX11 has also recently emerged as a tumor marker for MCL, particularly in cyclin D1-negative MCLs and to distinguish between MCLs and other cyclin D1-positive lymphomas. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of SOX11 immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of MCL using a meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was performed using the PubMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane library through May 9, 2018. In total, 14 studies were included in our meta-analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve calculated from the summary receiver operator characteristic were 0.9, 0.95, and 0.934, respectively. Effect sizes of log positive likelihood ratios, log negative likelihood ratios, and log diagnostic odds ratios were 2.67, -2.12, and 5.27, respectively. Statistically significant substantial heterogeneity was observed for specificity (I2 = 95%), but not for sensitivity. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to explain the heterogeneity in specificity and showed that the proportions of Burkitt's lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and hairy cell leukemia were significant covariates among studies using rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Overall, this meta-analysis showed that SOX11 was a useful diagnostic marker for MCL, with the clone MRQ-58 mouse monoclonal antibody showing particularly robust performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojoo Lee
- Department of Statistics, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Shin
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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6
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Identification of CD5/Cyclin D1 Double-negative Pleomorphic Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 44:232-240. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Lee W, Shin E, Kim BH, Kim H. Inconsistency associated with SOX11 immunohistochemistry in mantle cell lymphoma: a meta-analysis. J Hematop 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-019-00361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW SOX11 has emerged as a key transcription factor in the pathogenesis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) whereas it is not expressed in normal B cells or virtually in any other mature B-cell neoplasm. This review will examine the role of SOX11 as a biomarker in MCL, the new information on its transcriptional targets, and the mechanisms regulating its expression in MCL. RECENT FINDINGS SOX11 is highly expressed in conventional MCL, including cyclin D1-negative cases, but it is not expressed in the indolent leukemic nonnodal MCL subtype. These two MCL subtypes also differ in their cell-of-origin, IGHV mutational status and genomic instability. SOX11 promotes tumor growth of MCL cells in vivo and regulates a broad transcriptional program that includes B-cell differentiation pathways and tumor-microenvironment interactions, among others. The mechanisms upregulating SOX11 in MCL are not well understood but are mediated in part by the three-dimensional reconfiguration of the DNA, bringing together a distant enhancer region and the SOX11 promoter. SUMMARY SOX11 is a relevant element in the pathogenesis of MCL and has been instrumental to identify two distinct clinicobiological subtypes of this tumor. Further studies should clarify the mechanisms mediating its oncogenic potential and leading to its intriguing expression in these tumors.
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Choi SM, O'Malley DP. Diagnostically relevant updates to the 2017 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Ann Diagn Pathol 2018; 37:67-74. [PMID: 30308438 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent 2017 WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues contains a number of updates under the category of lymphoid neoplasms. These changes include introduction of new entities, amended classification or terminology, and addition of newly discovered diagnostic and molecular features. In this review, we perform a focused, concise summary of selected lymphoid neoplasms and discuss changes in their classification. Rather than a comprehensive overview, we place specific emphasis on important and diagnostically relevant aspects of each entity that are novel or different from the previous WHO iteration and bring the practicing pathologist quickly up to speed with the updated classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Choi
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Dennis P O'Malley
- Neogenomics Laboratories, Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Chuang WY, Chang H, Chang GJ, Wang TH, Chang YS, Wang TH, Yeh CJ, Ueng SH, Chien HP, Chang CY, Wan YL, Hsueh C. Pleomorphic mantle cell lymphoma morphologically mimicking diffuse large B cell lymphoma: common cyclin D1 negativity and a simple immunohistochemical algorithm to avoid the diagnostic pitfall. Histopathology 2017; 70:986-999. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hung Chang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; Department of Internal Medicine; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jyh Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center and Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ju Yeh
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Chien
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Yueh Chang
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center and Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
- Tissue Bank; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan
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11
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Brown NA, Elenitoba-Johnson KSJ. Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Hematolymphoid Tumours. Head Neck Pathol 2017; 11:96-109. [PMID: 28247223 PMCID: PMC5340738 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-017-0802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In 2017, the latest revision to the WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours will be released. Similar to the 2005 WHO, the codification of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms of the head and neck is included within chapters pertaining to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, the nasopharynx, the larynx, the oral cavity and oropharynx, the neck and the salivary glands. Herein, we describe both changes to the classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms of the head and neck since the 2005 WHO, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis and molecular pathology of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah A Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kojo S J Elenitoba-Johnson
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, 609A Stellar Chance Laboratories, 420 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 1904, USA.
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12
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Cho BB, Kelting SM, Gru AA, LeGallo RD, Pramoonjago P, Goldin TA, Heitz CT, Aguilera NS. Cyclin D1 expression and polysomy in lymphocyte-predominant cells of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2017; 26:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Righi S, Pileri S, Agostinelli C, Bacci F, Spagnolo S, Sabattini E. Reproducibility of SOX-11 detection in decalcified bone marrow tissue in mantle cell lymphoma patients. Hum Pathol 2017; 59:94-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Mantle cell lymphoma—a spectrum from indolent to aggressive disease. Virchows Arch 2015; 468:245-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma. A review of the literature published from August 2014 to October 2014. J Hematop 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-014-0224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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