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Ma Y, Wang S, Bao J, Wang C. Systematic study on expression and prognosis of E2Fs in human colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 27:362-372. [PMID: 34661779 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-02051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E2Fs are important components of transcription factors and play key roles in occurrence or advancement of various cancers, but the expression and exact roles of each E2F in colorectal cancer (CRC) are rarely known. METHODS To address this issue, we investigated the roles and prognostic values of E2Fs expressions in CRC patients by searching ONCOMINE, cBioPortal, GEPIA, Matascape and UALCAN. RESULTS E2F1, 3-8 were upregulated at the mRNA level and E2F2 was less expressed in CRC tissues than in normal tissues. The eight E2Fs were correlated with tumor stages of CRC. Survival analysis using GEPIA revealed that high expressions of E2F3, 4 were related with short overall survival in all CRC patients. The mutation rate of E2Fs (60%) was high and genetic alteration in E2Fs was linked with longer overall survival in CRC patients. Functional analysis implied that E2Fs and their 50 nearby genes were concentrated in tumor-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS E2Fs may be candidate biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and E2F3, 4 are potential prognosis biomarkers of CRC. Nevertheless, our findings must be validated in the future to popularize the clinical application of E2Fs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Ma
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Medical Centre, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shijian Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinfeng Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Medical Centre, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Medical Centre, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Fan X, Wang Y, Jiang T, Liu T, Jin Y, Du K, Niu Y, Zhang C, Liu Z, Lei Y, Bu Y. B-Myb accelerates colorectal cancer progression through reciprocal feed-forward transactivation of E2F2. Oncogene 2021; 40:5613-5625. [PMID: 34316028 PMCID: PMC8445821 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
B-Myb is an important transcription factor that plays a critical role in gene expression regulation and tumorigenesis. However, its functional implication in colorectal cancer remains elusive. In this study, we found that B-Myb was significantly upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in colorectal cancer samples compared to non-tumor counterparts. B-Myb overexpression accelerated cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell motility in colorectal cancer cells, and promoted tumor growth in orthotopic nude mouse models in vivo. In contrast, B-Myb depletion inhibited these malignant phenotypes. Mechanistic investigations revealed that E2F2 was a novel transcriptional target of B-Myb and is essential to B-Myb-induced malignant phenotypes. Notably, B-Myb and E2F2 exhibited positive expression correlation, and interacted with each other in colorectal cancer cells. In addition to their autoregulatory mechanisms, B-Myb and E2F2 can also directly transactivate each other, thus constituting consolidated reciprocal feed-forward transactivation loops. Moreover, both B-Myb and E2F2 are required for the activation of ERK and AKT signaling pathways in colorectal cancer cells. Taken together, our data clarified a critical role for B-Myb in colorectal cancer and unraveled an exquisite mutual collaboration and reciprocal cross regulation between B-Myb and E2F2 that contribute to the malignant progression of human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Dermopathic Research Institute, Taizhou University Hospital, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tinghui Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuelei Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kailong Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yulong Niu
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chunxue Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhongyu Liu
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunlong Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Youquan Bu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Sikorska A, Stachowiak M, Flisikowska T, Stachecka J, Flisikowski K, Switonski M. Polymorphisms of CSF1R and WISP1 genes are associated with severity of familial adenomatous polyposis in APC 1311 pigs. Gene 2020; 759:144988. [PMID: 32717306 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) in humans significantly increases the risk of development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Germline mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene are responsible for FAP. Despite having the same causative mutation, the severity of the disease differs from patient to patient. The porcine FAP model carrying a truncating APC1311 mutation, orthologous to the dominant human mutation that leads to severe form of the disease (APC1309), mirrors the severity of polyposis. Earlier RNAseq studies have revealed the differential expression of WISP1 and CSF1R in samples derived from low-grade (LG-IEN) and more advanced high-grade (HG-IEN) colon polyps of APC1311/+ pigs. The grade of dysplasia was correlated with the severity of polyposis in APC1311/+ pigs characterized by a low (LP) and high (HP) numbers of polyps. The goal of this work was to find DNA variants that regulate the expression of CSF1R and WISP1 in LP and HP pigs. In total, 32 and 36 polymorphisms in CSF1R and WISP1 were found, respectively. Of these, the genotype frequency of four silent SNPs in the coding region of WISP1 differed significantly between LP and HP lines. In silico analysis revealed an elevated minimum free energy (MFE) for three of these SNPs, suggesting their role in mRNA structure stability. Furthermore, four polymorphisms in the promoter region of CSF1R, cosegregating as a common haplotype, were associated with polyp number in APC1311/+ pigs. A secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) assay showed, however, that these variants have no direct effect on the activity of the CSF1R promoter. Concluding, our study identified polymorphisms in CSF1R and WISP1 that are potentially associated with the severity of polyposis in APC1311/+ pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Sikorska
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Stachowiak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tatiana Flisikowska
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmannstr. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Joanna Stachecka
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Flisikowski
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmannstr. 1, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - Marek Switonski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland.
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Prognostic values of E2F mRNA expression in human gastric cancer. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181264. [PMID: 30487158 PMCID: PMC6435564 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world, with Eastern Asia having the highest incidence rates. E2F is a family of transcription factor proteins that has a variety of functions, which include control of cell cycle, cell differentiation, DNA damage response and cell death. E2F transcription factors are divided into two subfamilies: transcription activators (E2F transcription factors 1 (E2F1), 2 (E2F2) and 3a (E2F3a)) and repressors (E2F3b, E2F transcription factors 4 (E2F4), 5 (E2F5), 6 (E2F6), 7 (E2F7) and 8 (E2F8)). Studies have demonstrated that E2F had prognostic significance in a number of cancers. However, the entirety of the prognostic roles of E2F mRNA expression in GC has not yet been apparently determined. In the present study, the prognostic value of individual family members of E2F mRNA expression for overall survival (OS) was evaluated by using online Kaplan-Meier Plotter (KM Plotter) database. Our result demonstrated that high expressions of three family members of E2F (E2F1, E2F3, E2F4) mRNA were significantly associated with unfavourable OS in all GC patients. However, increased expressions of E2F2, E2F5, E2F6 and E2F7 were significantly associated with favourable OS, especially for higher clinical stages in GC patients. These results provided a better insight into the prognostic functions of E2F mRNA genes in GC. Although the results should be further verified in clinical trials, our findings may be a favourable prognostic predictor for the development of newer therapeutic drugs in the treatment of GC.
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Dosil MA, Navaridas R, Mirantes C, Tarragona J, Eritja N, Felip I, Urdanibia I, Megino C, Domingo M, Santacana M, Gatius S, Piñol C, Barceló C, Maiques O, Macià A, Velasco A, Vaquero M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Tumor suppressive function of E2F-1 on PTEN-induced serrated colorectal carcinogenesis. J Pathol 2018; 247:72-85. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Dosil
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Jordi Tarragona
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Izaskun Urdanibia
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Cristina Megino
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Mónica Domingo
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Carme Piñol
- Department de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida); Lleida Spain
| | - Carla Barceló
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Anna Macià
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Ana Velasco
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Marta Vaquero
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
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Xanthoulis A, Tiniakos DG. E2F transcription factors and digestive system malignancies: How much do we know? World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:3189-3198. [PMID: 23745020 PMCID: PMC3671070 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i21.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
E2F family of transcription factors regulates various cellular functions related to cell cycle and apoptosis. Its individual members have traditionally been classified into activators and repressors, based on in vitro studies. However their contribution in human cancer is more complicated and difficult to predict. We review current knowledge on the expression of E2Fs in digestive system malignancies and its clinical implications for patient prognosis and treatment. E2F1, the most extensively studied member and the only one with prognostic value, exhibits a tumor-suppressing activity in esophageal, gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma, and in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whereas in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may function as a tumor-promoter. In the latter malignancies, E2F1 immunohistochemical expression has been correlated with higher tumor grade and worse patient survival, whereas in esophageal, gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas is a marker of increased patient survival. E2F2 has only been studied in colorectal cancer, where its role is not considered significant. E2F4’s role in colorectal, gastric and hepatic carcinogenesis is tumor-promoting. E2F8 is strongly upregulated in human HCC, thus possibly contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. Adenoviral transfer of E2F as gene therapy to sensitize pancreatic cancer cells for chemotherapeutic agents has been used in experimental studies. Other therapeutic strategies are yet to be developed, but it appears that targeted approaches using E2F-agonists or antagonists should take into account the tissue-dependent function of each E2F member. Further understanding of E2Fs’ contribution in cellular functions in vivo would help clarify their role in carcinogenesis.
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