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Hosseini MS, Bejnordi BE, Trinh VQH, Chan L, Hasan D, Li X, Yang S, Kim T, Zhang H, Wu T, Chinniah K, Maghsoudlou S, Zhang R, Zhu J, Khaki S, Buin A, Chaji F, Salehi A, Nguyen BN, Samaras D, Plataniotis KN. Computational pathology: A survey review and the way forward. J Pathol Inform 2024; 15:100357. [PMID: 38420608 PMCID: PMC10900832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpi.2023.100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Computational Pathology (CPath) is an interdisciplinary science that augments developments of computational approaches to analyze and model medical histopathology images. The main objective for CPath is to develop infrastructure and workflows of digital diagnostics as an assistive CAD system for clinical pathology, facilitating transformational changes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer that are mainly address by CPath tools. With evergrowing developments in deep learning and computer vision algorithms, and the ease of the data flow from digital pathology, currently CPath is witnessing a paradigm shift. Despite the sheer volume of engineering and scientific works being introduced for cancer image analysis, there is still a considerable gap of adopting and integrating these algorithms in clinical practice. This raises a significant question regarding the direction and trends that are undertaken in CPath. In this article we provide a comprehensive review of more than 800 papers to address the challenges faced in problem design all-the-way to the application and implementation viewpoints. We have catalogued each paper into a model-card by examining the key works and challenges faced to layout the current landscape in CPath. We hope this helps the community to locate relevant works and facilitate understanding of the field's future directions. In a nutshell, we oversee the CPath developments in cycle of stages which are required to be cohesively linked together to address the challenges associated with such multidisciplinary science. We overview this cycle from different perspectives of data-centric, model-centric, and application-centric problems. We finally sketch remaining challenges and provide directions for future technical developments and clinical integration of CPath. For updated information on this survey review paper and accessing to the original model cards repository, please refer to GitHub. Updated version of this draft can also be found from arXiv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi S Hosseini
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSSE), Concordia Univeristy, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer of the University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Lyndon Chan
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Danial Hasan
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Xingwen Li
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Stephen Yang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Taehyo Kim
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Haochen Zhang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Theodore Wu
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Kajanan Chinniah
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Sina Maghsoudlou
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSSE), Concordia Univeristy, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Ryan Zhang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jiadai Zhu
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Samir Khaki
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Andrei Buin
- Huron Digitial Pathology, St. Jacobs, ON N0B 2N0, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Chaji
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSSE), Concordia Univeristy, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Ala Salehi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Bich Ngoc Nguyen
- University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, QC H2X 0C2, Canada
| | - Dimitris Samaras
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States
| | - Konstantinos N Plataniotis
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering (ECE), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
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Bogaard M, Strømme JM, Kidd SG, Johannessen B, Bakken AC, Lothe RA, Axcrona K, Skotheim RI, Axcrona U. GRIN3A: A biomarker associated with a cribriform pattern and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Neoplasia 2024; 55:101023. [PMID: 38944914 PMCID: PMC11267071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer with a cribriform pattern, including invasive cribriform carcinoma (ICC) and/or intraductal carcinoma (IDC) is associated with a poor prognosis, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to identify biomarkers for this feature. Using a radical prostatectomy cohort, we performed within-patient differential expression analyses with RNA sequencing data to compare samples with a cribriform pattern to those with non-cribriform Gleason pattern 4 (NcGP4; n=13). ACSM1, GRIN3A, PCDHB2, and REG4 were identified as differentially expressed, and validation was performed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (n=99; 321 RNA samples) and RNA in situ hybridization on tissue microarrays (n=479; 2047 tissue cores). GRIN3A was significantly higher expressed in cribriform pattern vs. NcGP4, when assessed within the same patient (n=27; p=0.005) and between different patients (n=83; p=0.001). Tissue cores with IDC more often expressed GRIN3A compared to ICC, NcGP4, and benign tissue (52 % vs. ≤ 32 %). When IDC and NcGP4 was compared within the same patient (173 pairs of tissue cores; 54 patients), 38 (22 %) of the tissue microarray core pairs had GRIN3A expression in only IDC, 33 (19 %) had expression in both IDC and NcGP4, 14 (8 %) in only NcGP4 and 88 (51 %) were negative in both entities (p=0.001). GRIN3A was as well associated with biochemical recurrence (log-rank, p=0.002). In conclusion, ectopic GRIN3A expression is an RNA-based biomarker for the presence of cribriform prostate cancer, particularly for IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Bogaard
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas M Strømme
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susanne G Kidd
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjarne Johannessen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne C Bakken
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karol Axcrona
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Urology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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McDonald JAL, O'Brien J, Kelly B, Murphy D, Lawrentschuk N, Eapen R, Mitchell C. The highs and lows of grading intraductal carcinoma of the prostate. J Clin Pathol 2024:jcp-2024-209421. [PMID: 38876777 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2024-209421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Ai Ling McDonald
- Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne Pty Ltd, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan O'Brien
- Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brian Kelly
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Declan Murphy
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nathan Lawrentschuk
- Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Surgery, University of Melbourne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renu Eapen
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Zhu S, Xu N, Zeng H. Molecular complexity of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6939. [PMID: 38379333 PMCID: PMC10879723 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer characterized by the growth of tumor cells within the prostate ducts. It is often found alongside invasive carcinoma and is associated with poor prognosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving IDC-P is crucial for improved diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. This review summarizes the molecular characteristics of IDC-P and their prognostic indications, comparing them to conventional prostate acinar adenocarcinoma, to gain insights into its unique behavior and identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Nanwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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5
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Diop MK, Molina OE, Birlea M, LaRue H, Hovington H, Têtu B, Lacombe L, Bergeron A, Fradet Y, Trudel D. Leukocytic Infiltration of Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate: An Exploratory Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082217. [PMID: 37190147 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is an aggressive histological subtype of prostate cancer (PCa) detected in approximately 20% of radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens. As IDC-P has been associated with PCa-related death and poor responses to standard treatment, the purpose of this study was to explore the immune infiltrate of IDC-P. Hematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides from 96 patients with locally advanced PCa who underwent RP were reviewed to identify IDC-P. Immunohistochemical staining of CD3, CD8, CD45RO, FoxP3, CD68, CD163, CD209 and CD83 was performed. For each slide, the number of positive cells per mm2 in the benign tissues, tumor margins, cancer and IDC-P was calculated. Consequently, IDC-P was found in a total of 33 patients (34%). Overall, the immune infiltrate was similar in the IDC-P-positive and the IDC-P-negative patients. However, FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (p < 0.001), CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages (p < 0.001 for both) and CD209+ and CD83+ dendritic cells (p = 0.002 and p = 0.013, respectively) were less abundant in the IDC-P tissues compared to the adjacent PCa. Moreover, the patients were classified as having immunologically "cold" or "hot" IDC-P, according to the immune-cell densities averaged in the total IDC-P or in the immune hotspots. The CD68/CD163/CD209-immune hotspots predicted metastatic dissemination (p = 0.014) and PCa-related death (p = 0.009) in a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Further studies on larger cohorts are necessary to evaluate the clinical utility of assessing the immune infiltrate of IDC-P with regards to patient prognosis and the use of immunotherapy for lethal PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mame-Kany Diop
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (axe Cancer) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Oscar Eduardo Molina
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Mirela Birlea
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (axe Cancer) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hélène LaRue
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Hélène Hovington
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Bernard Têtu
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 11 Côte du Palais, Québec, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Louis Lacombe
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, 2325 rue de l'Université, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, 2325 rue de l'Université, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (axe Oncologie), Hôpital L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 McMahon, Québec, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Université Laval, 2325 rue de l'Université, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (axe Cancer) and Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 1051 Sanguinet, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
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6
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Cai Q, Shah RB. Cribriform Lesions of the Prostate Gland. Surg Pathol Clin 2022; 15:591-608. [PMID: 36344177 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
"Cribriform lesions of the prostate represent an important and often diagnostically challenging spectrum of prostate pathology. These lesions range from normal anatomical variation, benign proliferative lesions, premalignant, suspicious to frankly malignant and biologically aggressive entities. The concept of cribriform prostate adenocarcinoma (CrP4) and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), in particular, has evolved significantly in recent years with a growing body of evidence suggesting that the presence of these morphologies is important for clinical decision-making in prostate cancer management. Therefore, accurate recognition and reporting of CrP4 and IDC-P architecture are especially important. This review discusses a contemporary diagnostic approach to cribriform lesions of the prostate with a focus on their key morphologic features, differential diagnosis, underlying molecular alterations, clinical significance, and reporting recommendations."
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cai
- Department of Pathology, 04.449, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rajal B Shah
- Department of Pathology, 04.449, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Kench JG, Amin MB, Berney DM, Compérat EM, Cree IA, Gill AJ, Hartmann A, Menon S, Moch H, Netto GJ, Raspollini MR, Rubin MA, Tan PH, Tsuzuki T, Turjalic S, van der Kwast TH, Zhou M, Srigley JR. WHO Classification of Tumours fifth edition: evolving issues in the classification, diagnosis, and prognostication of prostate cancer. Histopathology 2022; 81:447-458. [PMID: 35758185 PMCID: PMC9542779 DOI: 10.1111/his.14711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary and Male Genital Systems encompasses several updates to the classification and diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma as well as incorporating advancements in the assessment of its prognosis, including recent grading modifications. Some of the salient aspects include: (1) recognition that prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)-like carcinoma is not synonymous with a pattern of ductal carcinoma, but better classified as a subtype of acinar adenocarcinoma; (2) a specific section on treatment-related neuroendocrine prostatic carcinoma in view of the tight correlation between androgen deprivation therapy and the development of prostatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine morphology, and the emerging data on lineage plasticity; (3) a terminology change of basal cell carcinoma to "adenoid cystic (basal cell) cell carcinoma" given the presence of an underlying MYB::NFIB gene fusion in many cases; (4) discussion of the current issues in the grading of acinar adenocarcinoma and the prognostic significance of cribriform growth patterns; and (5) more detailed coverage of intraductal carcinoma of prostate (IDC-P) reflecting our increased knowledge of this entity, while recommending the descriptive term atypical intraductal proliferation (AIP) for lesions falling short of IDC-P but containing more atypia than typically seen in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). Lesions previously regarded as cribriform patterns of HGPIN are now included in the AIP category. This review discusses these developments, summarising the existing literature, as well as the emerging morphological and molecular data that underpins the classification and prognostication of prostatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Kench
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic OncologyRoyal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health PathologyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- The University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Mahul B Amin
- The University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA
| | - Daniel M Berney
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Bartshealth NHS TrustRoyal London HospitalLondonUK
| | - Eva M Compérat
- Department of PathologyUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ian A Cree
- International Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Anthony J Gill
- The University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific HighwaySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of PathologyUniversity Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Santosh Menon
- Department of PathologyTata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbaiIndia
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - George J Netto
- Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA
| | - Maria R Raspollini
- Histopathology and Molecular DiagnosticsUniversity Hospital CareggiFlorenceItaly
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department for BioMedical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical PathologyAichi Medical University HospitalNagakuteJapan
| | - Samra Turjalic
- Skin and Renal UnitsRoyal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Cancer Dynamics LaboratoryThe Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
| | - Theo H van der Kwast
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Ming Zhou
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineTufts Medical CenterBostonMAUSA
| | - John R Srigley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathobiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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8
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Varma M, Williamson S. Clinical utility of histopathology data: urological cancers. J Clin Pathol 2022; 75:506-513. [PMID: 35853652 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2022-208186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cancer datasets recommend standardised reporting of histopathological data items with elements categorised as either core (required) or non-core (recommended), irrespective of the clinical scenario. However, the clinical significance of a data item in an individual case would depend on the clinicopathological setting as well as local management guidelines. A data item that is critical for patient management in one clinical scenario may be largely irrelevant in another patient. Pathologists must understand how their data are used in clinical practice so that they can focus their limited resources appropriately. We briefly review the use of histopathological data in the management of urological cancers, highlighting scenarios where a data item may be of limited clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Varma
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sean Williamson
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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9
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Pantazopoulos H, Diop MK, Grosset AA, Rouleau-Gagné F, Al-Saleh A, Boblea T, Trudel D. Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate as a Cause of Prostate Cancer Metastasis: A Molecular Portrait. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:820. [PMID: 35159086 PMCID: PMC8834356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is one of the most aggressive types of prostate cancer (PCa). IDC-P is identified in approximately 20% of PCa patients and is associated with recurrence, metastasis, and PCa-specific death. The main feature of this histological variant is the colonization of benign glands by PCa cells. Although IDC-P is a well-recognized independent parameter for metastasis, mechanisms by which IDC-P cells can spread and colonize other tissues are not fully known. In this review, we discuss the molecular portraits of IDC-P determined by immunohistochemistry and genomic approaches and highlight the areas in which more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Pantazopoulos
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mame-Kany Diop
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Grosset
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Frédérique Rouleau-Gagné
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Afnan Al-Saleh
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Teodora Boblea
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (H.P.); (M.-K.D.); (A.-A.G.); (F.R.-G.); (A.A.-S.); (T.B.)
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, 900 Saint-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Sanguinet, Montreal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada
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Okubo Y, Yamamoto Y, Sato S, Yoshioka E, Suzuki M, Washimi K, Osaka K, Suzuki T, Yokose T, Kishida T, Miyagi Y. Diagnostic significance of reassessment of prostate biopsy specimens by experienced urological pathologists at a high-volume institution. Virchows Arch 2022; 480:979-987. [PMID: 35015130 PMCID: PMC9033711 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In prostate cancer, accurate diagnosis and grade group (GG) decision based on biopsy findings are essential for determining treatment strategies. Diagnosis by experienced urological pathologists is recommended; however, their contribution to patient benefits remains unknown. Therefore, we analyzed clinicopathological information to determine the significance of reassessment by experienced urological pathologists at a high-volume institution to identify factors involved in the agreement or disagreement of biopsy and surgical GGs. In total, 1325 prostate adenocarcinomas were analyzed, and the GG was changed in 452/1325 (34.1%) cases (359 cases were upgraded, and 93 cases were downgraded). We compared the highest GG based on biopsy specimens, with the final GG based on surgical specimens of 210 cases. The agreement rate between the surgical GG performed and assessed in our institute and the highest biopsy GG assessed by an outside pathologist was 34.8% (73/210); the agreement rate increased significantly to 50% (105/210) when biopsy specimens were reevaluated in our institute (chi-square test, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only the length of the lesion in the positive core with the highest GG in the biopsy was a significant factor for determining the agreement between biopsy GG and surgical GG, with an odds ratio of 1.136 (95% confidence interval: 1.057-1.221; P < 0.01). Thus, reassessment by experienced urological pathologists at high-volume institutions improved the agreement rate. However, it should be noted there is a high probability of discordance between a small number of lesions or short lesions and surgical GG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Okubo
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
| | - Yayoi Yamamoto
- Department of Radiology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Shinya Sato
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.,Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Emi Yoshioka
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Masaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.,Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo Institute, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kota Washimi
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Kimito Osaka
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kishida
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Yohei Miyagi
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.,Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo Institute, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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11
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Contemporary Grading of Prostate Cancer: The Impact of Grading Criteria and the Significance of the Amount of Intraductal Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215454. [PMID: 34771617 PMCID: PMC8582560 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Prognostic grade group (PGG) is an important prognostic parameter in prostate cancer that guides therapeutic decisions. The cribriform pattern and intraductal carcinoma (IDC) are two histological patterns, that have additional prognostic significance. However, discrepancies exist regarding the handling of IDC according to the guidelines published by two international genitourinary pathology societies. Furthermore, whether, in addition to its presence, the amount of IDC is also of importance has not been studied before. Lastly, the handling of tertiary patterns has also been a matter of debate in the literature. (2) Methods: A total of 129 prostatectomy cases were retrieved and a detailed histopathologic analysis was performed. (3) Results: Two cases (1.6%) upgraded their PGG, when IDC was incorporated in the grading system. The presence and the amount of IDC, as well as the presence of cribriform carcinoma were associated with adverse pathologic characteristics. Interestingly, in six cases (4.7%) there was a difference in PGG when using the different guidelines regarding the handling of tertiary patterns. In total, 6.2% of the cases would be assigned a different grade depending on the guidelines followed. (4) Conclusions: These findings highlight a potential area of confusion among pathologists and clinicians and underscore the need for a consensus grading system.
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