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Fernandes M, Hoggard B, Jamme P, Paget S, Truong M, Grégoire V, Vinchent A, Descarpentries C, Morabito A, Stanislovas J, Farage E, Meneboo J, Sebda S, Bouchekioua‐Bouzaghou K, Nollet M, Humez S, Perera T, Fromme P, Grumolato L, Figeac M, Copin M, Tulasne D, Cortot AB, Kermorgant S, Kherrouche Z. MET exon 14 skipping mutation is a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-dependent oncogenic driver in vitro and in humanised HGF knock-in mice. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2257-2274. [PMID: 36799689 PMCID: PMC10620121 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exon skipping mutations of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase (METex14), increasingly reported in cancers, occur in 3-4% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Only 50% of patients have a beneficial response to treatment with MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), underlying the need to understand the mechanism of METex14 oncogenicity and sensitivity to TKIs. Whether METex14 is a driver mutation and whether it requires hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for its oncogenicity in a range of in vitro functions and in vivo has not been fully elucidated from previous preclinical models. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we developed a METex14/WT isogenic model in nontransformed human lung cells and report that the METex14 single alteration was sufficient to drive MET-dependent in vitro anchorage-independent survival and motility and in vivo tumorigenesis, sensitising tumours to MET-TKIs. However, we also show that human HGF (hHGF) is required, as demonstrated in vivo using a humanised HGF knock-in strain of mice and further detected in tumour cells of METex14 NSCLC patient samples. Our results also suggest that METex14 oncogenicity is not a consequence of an escape from degradation in our cell model. Thus, we developed a valuable model for preclinical studies and present results that have potential clinical implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fernandes
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | | | - Philippe Jamme
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | - Sonia Paget
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | - Marie‐José Truong
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | | | - Audrey Vinchent
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | | | - Angela Morabito
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | | | - Enoir Farage
- Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Jean‐Pascal Meneboo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, LilleFrance
| | - Shéhérazade Sebda
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, LilleFrance
| | | | - Marie Nollet
- Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Sarah Humez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
- Univ LilleDepartment of Pathology, CHU LilleFrance
| | | | - Paul Fromme
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity College LondonUK
| | - Luca Grumolato
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, NorDiC UMR 1239, 76000 RouenFrance
| | - Martin Figeac
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, LilleFrance
| | - Marie‐Christine Copin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
- Univ LilleDepartment of Pathology, CHU LilleFrance
| | - David Tulasne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
| | - Alexis B. Cortot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
- Univ. LilleThoracic Oncology Department, CHU LilleFrance
| | | | - Zoulika Kherrouche
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU LilleInstitut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR1277 - Canther – Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to TherapiesFrance
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Dewaguet J, Copin MC, Duhamel A, Faivre JB, Deken V, Sedlmair M, Flohr T, Schmidt B, Cortot A, Wasielewski E, Remy J, Remy-Jardin M. Dual-Energy CT Perfusion of Invasive Tumor Front in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Radiology 2021; 302:448-456. [PMID: 34783594 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021210600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Active endothelial cell proliferation occurs at the tumor edge, known as the invading-tumor front. This study focused on perfusion analysis of non-small cell lung cancers. Purpose To analyze dual-phase, dual-energy CT perfusion according to the degree of tumor hypoxia. Materials and Methods This prospective study was performed 2016-2017. A two-phase dual-energy CT protocol was obtained for consecutive participants with operable non-small cell lung cancer. The first pass and delayed iodine concentration within the tumor and normalized iodine uptake, corresponding to the iodine concentration within the tumor normalized to iodine concentration within the aorta, were calculated for the entire tumor and within three peripheral layers automatically segmented (ie, 2-mm-thick concentric subvolumes). The expression of the membranous carbonic anhydrase (mCA) IX, a marker of tumor hypoxia, was assessed in tumor specimens. Comparative analyses according to the histologic subtypes, type of resected tumors, and mCA IX expression were performed. Results There were 33 mCA IX-positive tumors and 16 mCA IX-negative tumors. In the entire tumor, the mean normalized iodine uptake was higher on delayed than on first-pass acquisitions (0.35 ± 0.17 vs 0.13 ± 0.15, respectively; P < .001). A single layer, located at the edge of the tumor, showed higher values of the iodine concentration (median, 0.53 mg/mL vs 0.21 mg/mL, respectively; P = .03) and normalized iodine uptake (0.04 vs 0.02, respectively; P = .03) at first pass in mCA IX-positive versus mCA IX-negative tumors. Within this layer, a functional profile of neovascularization was found in 23 of 33 (70%) of mCA IX-positive tumors, and the median mCA IX score of these tumors was higher than in tumors with a nonfunctional profile of neovascularization (median mCA IX score, 20 vs 2, respectively; P = .03). Conclusion A two-phase dual-energy CT examination depicted higher perfusion between the tumor edge and lung parenchyma in hypoxic tumors. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Murphy and Ryan in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dewaguet
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Marie-Christine Copin
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Alain Duhamel
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Jean-Baptiste Faivre
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Valérie Deken
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Martin Sedlmair
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Thomas Flohr
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Bernhard Schmidt
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Alexis Cortot
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Eric Wasielewski
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Jacques Remy
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
| | - Martine Remy-Jardin
- From the Departments of Thoracic Imaging (J.D., J.B.F., J.R., M.R.J.) and Biomedical Statistics (A.D., V.D.), ULR 2694 Evaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales (METRICS), and Department of Pathology (M.C.C.), CHU Lille, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany (M.S., T.F., B.S.); and Department of Thoracic Oncology, Calmette Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France (A.C., E.W.)
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Altinay S, Metovic J, Massa F, Gatti G, Cassoni P, Scagliotti GV, Volante M, Papotti M. Spread through air spaces (STAS) is a predictor of poor outcome in atypical carcinoids of the lung. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:325-334. [PMID: 31201506 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spread through air spaces (STAS) have been recently recognized as a prognostic factor for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) include tumors with different morphology and a heterogeneous clinical behavior. Among atypical carcinoids (ACs), new prognostic factors able to refine prognosis are needed. In the present study, a retrospective series of 91 surgically resected ACs was investigated, in parallel with 191 control cases of typical carcinoids (TCs) and of high-grade small- and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, to assess the presence and potential prognostic role of STAS. STAS was defined by the presence of neoplastic nests or single cells in air spaces beyond the tumor edge. Clinicopathological parameters and survival were correlated by univariate and multivariate analyses. STAS was identified in 48% of ACs (44/91) compared to 20.5% of TCs and 71-88% of high-grade large- and small-cell carcinomas in the control group. In the carcinoid group, presence of STAS was significantly correlated with unfavorable parameters, such as high tumor stage, positive nodal status, high Ki-67 index, presence of angioinvasion, and with adverse disease outcome, shorter overall survival, and time to progression. In conclusion, the presence of STAS is an additional relevant adverse prognostic factor in pulmonary AC that currently has the most unpredictable outcome and the most controversial treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Altinay
- Division of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jasna Metovic
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Massa
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy
| | - Gaia Gatti
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Pathology Division of the Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Volante
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy.
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Pathology Division of the Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Torino, Italy
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Al-Saad S, Richardsen E, Kilvaer TK, Donnem T, Andersen S, Khanehkenari M, Bremnes RM, Busund LT. The impact of MET, IGF-1, IGF1R expression and EGFR mutations on survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181527. [PMID: 28742836 PMCID: PMC5526580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To compare the efficacy of silver in situ hybridization (SISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in detecting MET and IGF1R alterations and to investigate their prevalence and prognostic significance. A possible correlation between MET receptor expression, MET gene alterations and the two most frequent occurring EGFR gene mutations was also investigated. Materials and methods Stage I to IIIA tumors from 326 patients with NSCLC were immunohistochemically tested for protein expression of MET and IGF-1. Their cytoplasmic expression was compared with the gene copy number of the MET and IGF1Rgenes by SISH in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed material. Correlations were made with the immunohistochemical expression of two frequent EGFR mutations and clinicopathological variables. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses was used to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of the tested markers. Results In univariate analyses, high cytoplasmic MET expression showed a significant negative prognostic effect in adenocarcinoma patients (p = 0.026). MET gene to chromosome 7 ratio was a significant positive prognostic marker (p = 0.005), probably only due to the highly negative prognostic significance of chromosome 7 polysomy (p = 0.002). High IGF1R gene copy number was a negative prognostic marker for all NSCLC patients (p = 0.037). In the multivariate analysis, polysomy of chromosome 7 in tumor cells correlated significantly and independently with a poor prognosis (p = 0.011). In patients with adenocarcinoma, a high cytoplasmic MET expression was an independent negative prognostic marker (p = 0.013). In males a high IGF1R gene copy number to chromosome 15 count ratio was significantly and independently correlated to a poor prognosis (p = 0.018). Conclusion MET protein expression provides superior prognostic information compared with SISH. Polysomy of chromosome 7 is an independent negative prognostic factor in NSCLC patients. This finding has an important implication while examining genes located on chromosome 7 by means of SISH. High IGF1R gene copy number to chromosome 15 count ratio is an independent predictor of inferior survival in male patients with primary NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Al-Saad
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Elin Richardsen
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Thomas K. Kilvaer
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Tom Donnem
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Sigve Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Mehrdad Khanehkenari
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Roy M. Bremnes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
| | - Lill-Tove Busund
- Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
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