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Liu Z, Pei M, Liu G, Qiu Z, Wang S, Qiao Z, Wang J, Jin D, Zhang J, Duan K, Nian X, Ma Z, Yang X. CDC20 is a potential target gene to inhibit the tumorigenesis of MDCK cells. Biologicals 2023; 83:101697. [PMID: 37579524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MDCK is currently the main cell line used for influenza vaccine production in culture. Previous studies have reported that MDCK cells possess tumorigenic ability in nude mice. Although complete cell lysis can be ensured during vaccine production, host cell DNA released after cell lysis may still pose a risk for tumorigenesis. Greater caution is needed in the production of human vaccines; therefore, the use of gene editing to establish cells incapable of forming tumors may significantly improve the safety of influenza vaccines. Knowledge regarding the genes and molecular mechanisms that affect the tumorigenic ability of MDCK cells is crucial; however, our understanding remains superficial. Through monoclonal cell screening, we previously obtained a cell line, CL23, that possesses significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities, and tumor-bearing experiments in nude mice showed the absence of tumorigenic cells. With a view to exploring tumorigenesis-related genes in MDCK cells, DIA proteomics was used to compare the differences in protein expression between wild-type (M60) and non-tumorigenic (CL23) cells. Differentially expressed proteins were verified at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR, and a number of genes involved in cell tumorigenesis were preliminarily screened. Immunoblotting further confirmed that related protein expression was significantly reduced in non-tumorigenic cells. Inhibition of CDC20 expression by RNAi significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of MDCK cells and increased the proliferation of the influenza virus; therefore, CDC20 was preliminarily determined to be an effective target gene for the inhibition of cell tumorigenicity. These results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism underlying cell tumorigenesis and provide a basis for the establishment of target gene screening in genetically engineered non-tumorigenic MDCK cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Mengyuan Pei
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Geng Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Zhenyu Qiu
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Siya Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Zilin Qiao
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Dongwu Jin
- Gansu Provincial Bioengineering Materials Engineering Research Center, Lanzhou, 730010, China
| | - Jiayou Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, 430207, China; Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Kai Duan
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, 430207, China; Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Xuanxuan Nian
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, 430207, China; Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Key Technology and Industrialization of Cell-based Vaccine, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, 430207, China; China National Biotech Group Company Limited, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Lan G, Yu X, Sun X, Li W, Zhao Y, Lan J, Wu X, Gao R. Comprehensive analysis of the expression and prognosis for TNFAIPs in head and neck cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15696. [PMID: 34344926 PMCID: PMC8333337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) tumorigenesis involves a combination of multiple genetic alteration processes. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced proteins (TNFAIPs) are involved in tumour development and progression, but few studies have been conducted on these factors in HNC. We aimed to analyse TNFAIPs and assess their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets using the Oncomine, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, LinkedOmics, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, Enrichr, and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource databases. We found that the transcript levels of TNFAIP1, TNFAIP3, EFNA1, TNFAIP6 and TNFAIP8 were increased, while those of TNFAIP8L3 and STEAP4 were reduced in HNC tissues versus normal tissues. The EFNA1, TNFAIP8 and TNFAIP8L3 expression levels were significantly correlated with the pathological stage. In HNC patients, high PTX3 and TNFAIP6 transcript levels were significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS). Moreover, genetic alterations in TNFAIP1, TNFAIP6, and STEAP4 resulted in poorer disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and OS, respectively. TNFAIPs may mediate HNC tumorigenesis by regulating PI3K-Akt, Ras and other signalling pathways. TNFAIPs are also closely correlated with the infiltration of immune cells, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, etc. The data above indicate that TNFAIPs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochen Lan
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaoling Yu
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wan Li
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yanna Zhao
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Jinjian Lan
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ruilan Gao
- Institute of Hematology Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Scholz A, Rappl P, Böffinger N, Mota AC, Brüne B, Schmid T. Translation of TNFAIP2 is tightly controlled by upstream open reading frames. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2017-2027. [PMID: 31392347 PMCID: PMC11104949 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Translation is a highly regulated process, both at the global as well as on a transcript-specific level. Regulatory upstream open reading frames (uORFs) represent a mode to alter cap-dependent translation efficiency in a transcript-specific manner and are found in numerous mRNAs. In the majority of cases, uORFs inhibit the translation of their associated main ORFs. Consequently, their inactivation results in enhanced translation of the main ORF, a phenomenon best characterized in the context of the integrated stress response. In the present study, we identified potent translation-inhibitory uORFs in the transcript leader sequence (TLS) of tumor necrosis factor alpha induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2). The initial description of the uORFs was based on the observation that despite a massive induction of TNFAIP2 mRNA expression in response to interleukin 1β (IL1β), TNFAIP2 protein levels remained low in MCF7 cells. While we were able to characterize the uORFs with respect to their exact size and sequential requirements in this cellular context, only TPA stimulation partially overcame the translation-inhibitory activity of the TNFAIP2 uORFs. Characterization of TNFAIP2 translation in the context of monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation suggested that, while the uORFs efficiently block TNFAIP2 protein synthesis in monocytes, they are inactivated in mature macrophages, thus allowing for a massive increase in TNFAIP2 protein expression. In summary, we establish TNFAIP2 as a novel target of uORF-mediated translational regulation. Furthermore, our findings suggest that during macrophage differentiation a major uORF-dependent translational switch occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anica Scholz
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Rappl
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicola Böffinger
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ana Carolina Mota
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Lim MS, Bailey NG, King RL, Piris M. Molecular Genetics in the Diagnosis and Biology of Lymphoid Neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 152:277-301. [PMID: 31278738 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 2017 Workshop of the Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology reviewed the role of molecular genetics in the diagnosis and biology of lymphoid neoplasms. METHODS The Workshop Panel reviewed 82 cases. RESULTS Molecular genetic testing reveals alterations that expand the spectrum of diseases such as DUSP22 rearrangement in ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma, large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement, MYD88 mutations in B-cell lymphomas, Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberrations, and diagnostic criteria for high-grade B-cell lymphomas. Therapeutic agents and natural tumor progression may be associated with transcriptional reprogramming that lead to transdifferentiation and lineage switch. CONCLUSIONS Application of emerging technical advances has revealed the complexity of genetic events in lymphomagenesis, progression, and acquired resistance to therapies. They also contribute to enhanced understanding of the biology of indolent vs aggressive behavior, clonal evolution, tumor progression, and transcriptional reprogramming associated with transdifferentiation events that may occur subsequent to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | | | | | - Miguel Piris
- Department of Pathology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
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Pergu R, Dagar S, Kumar H, Kumar R, Bhattacharya J, Mylavarapu SVS. The chaperone ERp29 is required for tunneling nanotube formation by stabilizing MSec. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7177-7193. [PMID: 30877198 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are membrane conduits that mediate long-distance intercellular cross-talk in several organisms and play vital roles during development, pathogenic transmission, and cancer metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms of TNT formation and function remain poorly understood. The protein MSec (also known as TNFα-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) and B94) is essential for TNT formation in multiple cell types. Here, using affinity protein purification, mass spectrometric identification, and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy assays, we found that MSec interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone ERp29. siRNA-mediated ERp29 depletion in mammalian cells significantly reduces TNT formation, whereas its overexpression induces TNT formation, but in a strictly MSec-dependent manner. ERp29 stabilized MSec protein levels, but not its mRNA levels, and the chaperone activity of ERp29 was required for maintaining MSec protein stability. Subcellular ER fractionation and subsequent limited proteolytic treatment suggested that MSec is associated with the outer surface of the ER. The ERp29-MSec interaction appeared to require the presence of other bridging protein(s), perhaps triggered by post-translational modification of ERp29. Our study implicates MSec as a target of ERp29 and reveals an indispensable role for the ER in TNT formation, suggesting new modalities for regulating TNT numbers in cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaiah Pergu
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and
| | - Sunayana Dagar
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024, India
| | - Harsh Kumar
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and.,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- the HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad Haryana 121001
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- the HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad Haryana 121001
| | - Sivaram V S Mylavarapu
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, and .,the Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Karnataka 576104, and.,the Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024, India
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Cyclin D1-positive Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Copy Number Gains of CCND1 Gene. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:110-120. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Jia L, Shi Y, Wen Y, Li W, Feng J, Chen C. The roles of TNFAIP2 in cancers and infectious diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5188-5195. [PMID: 30145807 PMCID: PMC6201362 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα‐induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) is a primary response gene of TNFα. TNFAIP2 is highly expressed in immune cells and the urinary bladder. The expression of TNFAIP2 is regulated by multiple transcription factors and signalling pathways, including NF‐κB, KLF5 and retinoic acid. Physiologically, TNFAIP2 appears to be a multiple functional mediator not only for inflammation, angiogenesis and tunneling nanotube (TNT) formation but also as a regulator of cell proliferation and migration. The expression of TNFAIP2 is frequently abnormal in human cancers and in infectious diseases. Due to its significant functions in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, TNFAIP2 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jia
- Department of Biology, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, China
| | - Yundong Shi
- Department of Biology, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Medical College of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Xie Y, Wang B. Downregulation of TNFAIP2 suppresses proliferation and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2920-2928. [PMID: 28393234 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a pivotal role in malignant tumor formation in the tumor microenvironment. To investigate the role of TNF-α in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), we assessed expression profiles of the downstream gene TNF-α-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2), which e previously unknown in ESCC. TNFAIP2 mRNA and protein expression levels were examined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis in 24 fresh and 55 paraffin‑embedded specimens, respectively. The results demonstrated that TNFAIP2 mRNA and protein levels were overexpressed in tumor cells, and TNFAIP2 overexpression was significantly associated with T stage (p=0.049), N stage (p=0.019) and the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stage (p=0.028). In vitro, TNFAIP2 was highly expressed in TNFα-stimulated Eca109, Kyse150, Kyse510 and TE-10 cells. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference of TNFAIP2 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and the cell cycle. Moreover, LV-RNAi-mediated TNFAIP2 was found to regulate the Wnt/β-catenin by decreasing expression of some genes downstream from β-catenin (i.e., C-myc, cyclin D1, MMP-7 and Snail), and upregulating expression of E-cadherin and p-GSK-3β. Taken together, these results show that TNFAIP2 may be a potential tumorigenesis gene in ESCC. Our data indicate that TNFAIP2 overexpression may facilitate proliferation and metastasis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Using the pathology report in initial treatment decisions for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: time for a precision medicine approach. Hematology 2015; 2015:618-24. [DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2015.1.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non Hodgkin lymphoma in the Western world, and is potentially curable with standard R-CHOP chemoimmunotherapy. Historically, clinical risk assessments provided prognostic information, but did not define treatment approach. We are now in an era where the heterogeneity of DLBCL is defined genetically and molecularly, and rational subset-specific therapeutic targets are guiding clinical trials. Primary mediastinal DLBCL is a unique clinicopathologic entity, and alternatives to R-CHOP may confer superior outcome. Rearrangement of the myc oncogene occurs in ∼10% of patients with DLBCL, and confers a very poor prognosis with standard R-CHOP, particularly when there is concomitant rearrangement of bcl-2, a condition referred to as “double-hit” DLBCL. A larger subset of DLBCL demonstrates overexpression of both myc and bcl-2 by immunohistochemistry. Cell of origin, determined by gene expression analysis, immunohistochemistry algorithms, or a novel Lymph2Cx platform, provides prognostic information, and guides therapeutic decisions in both relapsed and de novo disease. This article will define specific subsets of DLBCL and provide subtype-specific treatment options, including novel approaches under investigation. Understanding these key features of the pathology report, and limitations of these assays defining subsets of DLBCL, allows for an evolving precision medicine approach to this disease.
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Fujii K, Karpova MB, Asagoe K, Georgiev O, Dummer R, Urosevic-Maiwald M. Versican upregulation in Sézary cells alters growth, motility and resistance to chemotherapy. Leukemia 2015; 29:2024-32. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) is a distinguishing feature of primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and associated with PDCD1LG2 copy gain. Am J Surg Pathol 2015; 38:1715-23. [PMID: 25025450 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are tumors with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics that are difficult to distinguish by histopathologic and phenotypic analyses alone. Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) is a cell surface protein expressed by activated macrophages and dendritic cells that binds PD-1 on T cells to inhibit immune responses. Amplification and/or translocations involving chromosome 9p24.1, a region that includes PDCD1LG2-encoding PD-L2, is a common event in PMBL but not DLBCL and suggests that PD-L2 expression might be a distinguishing feature of PMBL. We developed an assay for the immunohistochemical detection of PD-L2 protein in fixed biopsy specimens (PD-L2 IHC), which we applied to a cohort of PMBLs and DLBCLs. For a subset of cases, we correlated the results of PD-L2 IHC with PDCD1LG2 copy number (CN) as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-three of 32 (72%) PMBLs but only 1 of 37 (3%) DLBCLs were positive by PD-L2 IHC. Among PMBLs with PDCD1LG2 CN gain, all were positive by PD-L2 IHC. One PMBL without CN gain was positive by PD-L2 IHC. When expressed in PMBL, PD-L2 was restricted to tumor cells and not detected on intratumoral macrophages. We conclude that PD-L2 protein is robustly expressed by the majority of PMBLs but only rare DLBCLs and often associated with PDCD1LG2 copy gain. PD-L2 IHC may serve as a useful ancillary test for distinguishing PMBL from DLBCL and for the rational selection of patients for therapeutic antibodies that inhibit PD-1 signaling.
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Zhang X(M, Aguilera N. New Immunohistochemistry for B-Cell Lymphoma and Hodgkin Lymphoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2014; 138:1666-72. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0058-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Context
B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative malignancies with different clinical behaviors and treatments. It is important to differentiate individual B-cell lymphoma to apply the best treatment and management. Morphology and immunohistochemistry are the primary tools used for diagnosing lymphoma. There is a characteristic pattern of expression with immunohistochemical antibodies in most well-defined B-cell lymphomas. Some cases of B-cell lymphoma, however, show unusual morphologic and immunophenotypic features. The new and sometimes more specific antibodies have been developed recently, which may further define those lymphomas. Only with use of the antibodies over time does their true nature and specificity become evident.
Objectives
To present new antibodies for B-cell lymphoma that enhance the probability for diagnosis or can act as alternate markers in unusual cases, in which a B-cell lymphoma does not present with characteristic immunohistochemical staining, and to present prognostic markers that allow for better management of patients with specific B-cell lymphomas.
Data Sources
Data were obtained from literature review and figures from slides in personal practice.
Conclusions
The immunohistochemical antibodies presented in this article increase our ability to understand, diagnosis, and manage patients with B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong (Mary) Zhang
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Laboratories, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania (Dr Zhang)
| | - Nadine Aguilera
- and the Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville (Dr Aguilera)
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ZHANG CHENGLIN, WANG CE, YAN WANGJUN, GAO RUI, LI YONGHUA, ZHOU XUHUI. Knockdown of TNFAIP1 inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells through inhibition of the nuclear factor-κB pathway. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1149-55. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Chen CC, Liu HP, Chao M, Liang Y, Tsang NM, Huang HY, Wu CC, Chang YS. NF-κB-mediated transcriptional upregulation of TNFAIP2 by the Epstein-Barr virus oncoprotein, LMP1, promotes cell motility in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncogene 2013; 33:3648-59. [PMID: 23975427 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), which is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is a metastasis-prone epithelial cancer. We previously showed that tumor necrosis factor α-induced protein 2 (TNFAIP2) is highly expressed in NPC tumor tissues and is correlated with metastasis and poor survival in NPC patients. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the EBV oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), can transcriptionally induce TNFAIP2 expression via NF-κB. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting revealed that LMP1 induces TNFAIP2 expression through its C-terminal-activating region (CTAR2) domain, which is required for transduction of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling. Inhibition of NF-κB activation or depletion of p65 (a component of NF-κB) by RNA interference abolished the LMP1-induced expression of TNFAIP2, whereas ectopic expression of p65 was sufficient to induce TNFAIP2 expression. Luciferase reporter assays showed that LMP1 transcriptionally induces TNFAIP2 expression through a newly identified NF-κB-binding site within the TNFAIP2 promoter (-3,869 to -3,860 bp). Immunohistochemical analysis of NPC biopsy specimens further revealed a significant correlation between the protein levels of TNFAIP2 and activated p65 (R=0.689, P<0.001), indicating that our findings are clinically relevant. Immunofluorescence microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that TNFAIP2 associates with actin and is involved in the formation of actin-based membrane protrusions. Furthermore, transwell migration assays demonstrated that TNFAIP2 contributes to LMP1-induced cell motility. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the regulation of TNFAIP2 and its role in promoting NPC tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Chen
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - H-P Liu
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - M Chao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - Y Liang
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - N-M Tsang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - H-Y Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - C-C Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
| | - Y-S Chang
- Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taiwan
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15
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Takahashi A, Kukita A, Li YJ, Zhang JQ, Nomiyama H, Yamaza T, Ayukawa Y, Koyano K, Kukita T. Tunneling nanotube formation is essential for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:1238-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Kim SH, Choe JY, Jeon Y, Huh J, Jung HR, Choi YD, Kim HJ, Cha HJ, Park WS, Kim JE. Frequent expression of follicular dendritic cell markers in Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol 2013; 66:589-96. [PMID: 23454725 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although the tumour cells of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are derived from mature B-cells, the lineage infidelity of Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells (HRSs) often causes diagnostic problems. Recently introduced HRS markers are also positive for follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). We investigated the expression of several FDC markers in HL and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and evaluated their diagnostic efficacy. METHODS Eighty-five cases of HL and 52 cases of ALCL were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry was performed for glioma-associated homologue (GLI) 3, class III β-tubulin (TUBB3), fascin, clusterin, γ-synuclein, podoplanin, syntenin, CD21, CD35 and EGFR. RESULTS HRSs were diffusely positive for GLI3, fascin and TUBB3; the mean positivity rates per case were 94% for GLI3, 82% for fascin, 69% for TUBB3, 17% for clusterin, 17% for γ-synuclein and 14% for syntenin. Podoplanin, CD21, CD35 and EGFR were almost negative. However, the frequency of marker expression was not associated with the histologic subtype or the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). ALCL showed a similar pattern to HL, but the overall frequency of positivity was lower than that observed in HL. The mean positivity rates were 56% for GLI3, 62% for fascin, 58% for TUBB3 and 21% for clusterin. The other markers were nearly negative. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma kinase positivity did not affect the expression rates. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the frequent expression of FDC markers in HL and ALCL. Especially, GLI3, fascin and TUBB3 are the most sensitive markers. Further studies are required to evaluate the association between FDCs, HRSs and ALCL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Shades of gray between large B-cell lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphomas: differential diagnosis and biological implications. Mod Pathol 2013; 26 Suppl 1:S57-70. [PMID: 23281436 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2012.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) are neoplasms of large B cells. Two types are recognized: nodular lymphocyte predominant HL (NLPHL) and classical HL (CHL). In both types, there may be morphological and possibly biological overlap with large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs) of non-HL types. These include nodular sclerosis CHL and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma; CHL rich in lymphocytes and NLPHL; and NLPHL and T-cell/histiocyte-rich LBCL. This review covers the defining features of each of these diseases, the borderlines between them, and strategies for differential diagnosis.
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Perry AM, Mitrovic Z, Chan WC. Biological Prognostic Markers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Control 2012; 19:214-26. [DOI: 10.1177/107327481201900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija M. Perry
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology at the Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Zdravko Mitrovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wing C. Chan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology at the Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Abstract
Although canonical NFκB is frequently critical for cell proliferation, survival, or differentiation, NFκB hyperactivation can cause malignant, inflammatory, or autoimmune disorders. Despite intensive study, mammalian NFκB pathway loss-of-function RNAi analyses have been limited to specific protein classes. We therefore undertook a human genome-wide siRNA screen for novel NFκB activation pathway components. Using an Epstein Barr virus latent membrane protein (LMP1) mutant, the transcriptional effects of which are canonical NFκB-dependent, we identified 155 proteins significantly and substantially important for NFκB activation in HEK293 cells. These proteins included many kinases, phosphatases, ubiquitin ligases, and deubiquinating enzymes not previously known to be important for NFκB activation. Relevance to other canonical NFκB pathways was extended by finding that 118 of the 155 LMP1 NF-κB activation pathway components were similarly important for IL-1β-, and 79 for TNFα-mediated NFκB activation in the same cells. MAP3K8, PIM3, and six other enzymes were uniquely relevant to LMP1-mediated NFκB activation. Most novel pathway components functioned upstream of IκB kinase complex (IKK) activation. Robust siRNA knockdown effects were confirmed for all mRNAs or proteins tested. Although multiple ZC3H-family proteins negatively regulate NFκB, ZC3H13 and ZC3H18 were activation pathway components. ZC3H13 was critical for LMP1, TNFα, and IL-1β NFκB-dependent transcription, but not for IKK activation, whereas ZC3H18 was critical for IKK activation. Down-modulators of LMP1 mediated NFκB activation were also identified. These experiments identify multiple targets to inhibit or stimulate LMP1-, IL-1β-, or TNFα-mediated canonical NFκB activation.
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