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Oka T, Matsuzaki K, Izumi H, Nonomura D, Mori K, Nishimura K. Osteosarcoma of the bladder: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:118. [PMID: 35331306 PMCID: PMC8953073 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma arising from the bladder is extremely rare, with only 38 cases reported to our knowledge. It is often detected owing to hematuria, and is treated by surgery (for example, total cystectomy), radiation therapy, and chemotherapy; however, the prognosis is extremely poor. Case presentation An 83-year-old Japanese man underwent cystoscopy for postoperative follow-up of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, which revealed a 2-cm nodular tumor on the right wall. He had a history of abdominal aortic aneurysm and hypertension, and had been smoking 15 cigarettes per day for 45 years. Seven years previously, the patient underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor for a 5-cm tumor on the right wall of the bladder. The histopathological diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma. No recurrence had been detected since then. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor was performed, and the histopathological diagnosis was cystosarcoma. Because of his advanced age, we decided that it would be difficult to perform total cystectomy. We therefore performed a second transurethral resection of bladder tumor and found no residual tumor. At 29 months after surgery, the patient remains alive without recurrence. Conclusion Bladder osteosarcoma has a poor prognosis. However, our case was detected early, and treatment with transurethral resection of bladder tumor alone resulted in long-term survival without recurrence. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13256-022-03346-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Oka
- Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Hoenzaka 2-1-14, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.
| | - Kyosuke Matsuzaki
- Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Hoenzaka 2-1-14, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Haruka Izumi
- Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Hoenzaka 2-1-14, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Daichi Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Hoenzaka 2-1-14, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Department of Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kensaku Nishimura
- Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Hoenzaka 2-1-14, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan
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2
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Vimentin, osteocalcin and osteonectin expression in canine primary bone tumors: diagnostic and prognostic implications. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1289-1296. [PMID: 30066297 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Canine primary bone tumors have a plastic radiographic image, demanding histopathological confirmation. Bone tumors are characterized by the type and amount of extracellular matrix produced what cannot be easily recognized, especially in biopsy samples. Identifying cellular markers that could aid diagnosis has supported various studies in oncological pathology. This study aimed to evaluate 22 canine primary bone neoplasms, establishing their histopathological diagnosis and evaluated vimentin, osteonectin and osteocalcin expression and their implication in diagnosis and prognosis. There were 12 productive osteoblastic osteosarcomas, six minimally productive osteoblastic osteosarcoma, two chondrosarcomas, one fibrosarcoma and one hemangiosarcoma. Immunostaining was cytoplasmatic in all cases, with average percentage of 87.9% for vimentin, 98.0% for osteonectin and 99.9% for osteocalcin. In this last case, only osteosarcomas were considered. Intensity was higher in vimentin labeling (+++), followed by osteonectin (++) and osteocalcin (+). One osteosarcoma showed negative immunostaining for vimentin and of samples submitted to anti-osteocalcin immunostaining, three osteosarcomas and one fibrosarcoma had negative staining. Besides identifying mesenchymal origin, vimentin elevated expression in canine bone tumors can be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leading to more aggressive tumoral phenotypes and metastasis development. Similarly, high osteonectin expression is implicated in neoplastic cell invasion and is also related to metastasis spread. Decreased osteocalcin expression was found in some osteosarcoma samples and can be related to poor prognosis, as in human osteosarcomas. Our findings suggest that vimentin, osteonectin and osteocalcin not only aid diagnosis but can be related to prognosis in canine primary bone tumors, especially osteosarcomas and its osteoblastic subtype.
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Wang J, Wu P, Chen PC, Lee C, Chen W, Hung S. Generation of Osteosarcomas from a Combination of Rb Silencing and c-Myc Overexpression in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:512-526. [PMID: 28191765 PMCID: PMC5442803 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) was a malignant tumor occurring with unknown etiology that made prevention and early diagnosis difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which were found in bone marrow, were claimed to be a possible origin of OS but with little direct evidence. We aimed to characterize OS cells transformed from human MSCs (hMSCs) and identify their association with human primary OS cells and patient survival. Genetic modification with p53 or retinoblastoma (Rb) knockdown and c-Myc or Ras overexpression was applied for hMSC transformation. Transformed cells were assayed for proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenecity, and gene expression profile. Only the combination of Rb knockdown and c-Myc overexpression successfully transformed hMSCs derived from four individual donors, with increasing cell proliferation, decreasing cell senescence rate, and increasing ability to form colonies and spheres in serum-free medium. These transformed cells lost the expression of certain surface markers, increased in osteogenic potential, and decreased in adipogenic potential. After injection in immunodeficient mice, these cells formed OS-like tumors, as evidenced by radiographic analyses and immunohistochemistry of various OS markers. Microarray with cluster analysis revealed that these transformed cells have gene profiles more similar to patient-derived primary OS cells than their normal MSC counterparts. Most importantly, comparison of OS patient tumor samples revealed that a combination of Rb loss and c-Myc overexpression correlated with a decrease in patient survival. This study successfully transformed human MSCs to OS-like cells by Rb knockdown and c-Myc overexpression that may be a useful platform for further investigation of preventive and target therapy for human OS. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:512-526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jir‐You Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po‐Kuei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Paul Chih‐Hsueh Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia‐Wen Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei‐Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih‐Chieh Hung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Huang EC, Ghazikhanian V, Qian X. Giant cell-rich osteosarcoma of the parotid gland: An exceptionally rare entity at an unusual site. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:1107-1111. [PMID: 27561385 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell-rich osteosarcoma is a rare histologic variant of conventional osteosarcoma that affects mainly the extremities. Extraskeletal giant cell-rich osteosarcoma is therefore exceedingly rare. Here, we report the first case of this uncommon tumor involving the parotid gland in a 62-year-old male who presented with initial right jaw swelling. Radiologic work-up revealed a 6.2 cm mass involving the right parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology showed numerous multinucleated giant cells in a background of dyshesive epithelioid cells and rare clusters of spindle stromal cells, suspicious for malignancy. The subsequent excisional biopsy showed histopathologic features diagnostic for giant cell-rich osteosarcoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:1107-1111. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Varand Ghazikhanian
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaohua Qian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Liu X, Li W, Geng S, Meng QG, Bi ZG. Apoptosis induced by sonodynamic therapy in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1183-8. [PMID: 25778820 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effect of hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether-sonodynamic therapy (HMME-SDT) on MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. The HMME concentration was kept constant at 20 µg/ml and the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line was exposed to ultrasound with an intensity of 1.0 W/cm2 for 30 sec. Cell cytotoxicity was quantified using an MTT assay 6 h after HMME-SDT. The intracellular localization of HMME was imaged using inverted confocal laser scanning microscopy. Apoptosis was investigated using flow cytometry with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodine staining. The cytotoxicity of HMME-mediated sonodynamic action on MG-63 cells was significantly higher than that of other treatments, including ultrasound alone, HMME alone and sham treatment. Flow cytometry demonstrated that HMME‑SDT action markedly enhanced the apoptotic rate of MG-63 cells. The mechanisms of apoptosis were analyzed by measuring the protein expression of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved PARP, procaspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. The data demonstrated that HMME-SDT action markedly induced the apoptosis of MG-63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Gang Meng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin City, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Gang Bi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Abstract
Mesenchymal tumours of the urinary bladder and prostate are infrequent neoplasms. The body of literature is growing with isolated case reports and short series, and the majority of cases are benign neoplasms. Other than stromal tumour of uncertain malignant potential and prostatic stromal sarcoma, both neoplasms derived from the specific prostatic stroma, the mesenchymal neoplasms in these locations are identical to their counterparts seen in other organs. However, the limited amount of tissue generated by biopsy and rarity of mesenchymal lesions in these sites create unique diagnostic difficulties, while correct classification of the neoplasm often bears significant impact on prognosis and therapeutic strategy. In this review we summarise the diagnostic features, focus on the differential diagnosis, and highlight the potential diagnostic pitfalls of mesenchymal tumours of the bladder and prostate.
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