Yendluri A, Chiang JJ, Nietsch KS, Obana KK, Trofa DP, Kelly JD, Parisien RL. Epidemiology and Sex-Specific Analysis of Basketball-Related Lower Extremity Fractures: A 10-Year Analysis of National Injury Data.
Sports Health 2024:19417381231223479. [PMID:
38284388 DOI:
10.1177/19417381231223479]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND
Basketball-related fractures involving the lower extremities frequently present to emergency departments (ED) in the United States (US). This study aimed to identify the primary mechanisms, distribution, and trends of these injuries.
HYPOTHESIS
We hypothesize that (1) lower extremity fracture frequency will decrease from 2013 to 2022, (2) the ankle will be the most common fracture site, and (3) noncontact twisting will be the most common injury mechanism.
STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive epidemiological.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
METHODS
The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for lower extremity fractures from basketball presenting to US EDs from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022. Patient demographics, injury location, and disposition were recorded. The injury mechanism was characterized using the provided narrative. National estimates (NEs) were calculated using the NEISS statistical sample weight. Injury trends were evaluated by linear regression.
RESULTS
There were 6259 cases (NE: 185,836) of basketball-related lower extremity fractures. Linear regression analysis of annual trends demonstrated a significant decrease in lower extremity fractures over the study period (2013-2022: P = 0.01; R2 = 0.64). The most common injury mechanism was a noncontact twisting motion (NE: 49,897, 26.9%) followed by jumping (NE: 39,613, 21.3%). The ankle was the most common fracture site (NE: 69,936, 37.6%) followed by the foot (NE: 49,229, 26.49%). While ankle and foot fractures decreased significantly (P < 0.05), fractures of the lower leg, knee, toe, and upper leg showed no significant trends (P = 0.09, 0.75, 0.07, and 0.85, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Basketball-related lower extremity fractures decreased from 2013 to 2022, with the ankle being the most common fracture site and most fractures arising from a noncontact twist. Increasing utilization of outpatient clinics may have contributed to the decline, particularly for ankle and foot fractures. The prevalence of ankle fractures and twisting-related injuries reinforces the importance of protective footwear and targeted strengthening protocols.
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