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Li T, Wang W, Guo Q, Li J, Tang T, Wang Y, Liu D, Yang K, Li J, Deng K, Wang F, Li H, Wu Z, Guo J, Guo D, Shi Y, Zou J, Sun J, Zhang X, Yang M. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) hydrosol based on serotonergic synapse for insomnia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116984. [PMID: 37532071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has been widely used as a traditional remedy for insomnia, depression and anxiety in China and Western countries. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that rosemary has important applications in neurological disorders. However, the mechanism of action of rosemary hydrosol in the treatment of insomnia is not known. AIMS OF THE STUDY Insomnia is closely linked to anxiety and depression, and its pathogenesis is related to biology, psychology, and sociology. Rosemary is a natural plant that has been used to treat insomnia and depression and has good biological activity, but its material basis and mechanism for the treatment of insomnia are not clear. Here, we report on the role of aqueous extracts of rosemary in the treatment of insomnia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was based on network pharmacology, using a combination of RNA-sequencing, "quantity-effect" weighting coefficients, and pharmacodynamic experiments. DL-4-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) was intraperitoneally injected into SD rats to replicate the insomnia model with a blank, model, diazepam, and rosemary hydrosol low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were set up for the experiment. The key pathways in the treatment of insomnia with rosemary hydrosol were analyzed by molecular docking, open field assay, ELISA, western-Blot, Rt-PCR, and immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS Rosemary hydrosol was analyzed by GC-MS to identify 19 components. 1579 differential genes were obtained by RNA-Seq analysis, 533 targets for rosemary hydrosol and 2705 targets for insomnia, and 29 key targets were obtained by intersection. The KEGG results were ranked by "quantity-effect" weighting coefficients, resulting in serotonergic synapse was the key pathway for the treatment of insomnia with rosemary hydrosol. Molecular docking results showed that 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-one, 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, caryophyllene, and citronellol of rosemary hydrosol acted synergistically to achieve a therapeutic effect on insomnia. Caryophyllene acts on the HTR1A target by upregulating 5-HT1AR, leading to increased 5-HT release, and upregulation of ADCY5, cAMP, PKA and GABAA at serotonergic synapses; citronellol upregulated ADCY5 and 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-one, and 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol up-regulated GABAA to improve insomnia symptoms. In open-field experiments, ELISA kits (5-HT, GABA, and DA), Western-blotting, Rt-PCR and immunohistochemical assay experiments, insomnia rats in the low-, medium- and high-dose groups of rosemary hydrosol showed different degrees of improvement compared with the model group. CONCLUSIONS It was shown that rosemary hydrosol may exert its therapeutic effects on insomnia through serotonergic synapses by combining RNA-Seq, "quantity-effect" weighting coefficients network pharmacology and pharmacodynamic experiments. We have provided a preliminary theoretical study for the development of rosemary hydrosol additive into a beverage for the treatment of insomnia, but it needs to be studied in depth. This study was conducted in rats and the results have limitations and may not apply to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiuting Guo
- Xianyang Vocational Technical College, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ding Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaixue Deng
- Shaanxi Jianchi Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Shaanxi Province Food and Drug Safety Monitoring Key Laboratory, Shaanxi Institute of Food and Drug Control, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China.
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Pereira Pinto P, Zanine RM. Diagnostic value of p16 and Ki-67 expression in cervical glandular intraepithelial disease: A review. Ann Diagn Pathol 2023; 62:152054. [PMID: 36396551 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cervical adenocarcinoma has been increasing in frequency, particularly among young women. Its diagnosis still presents many challenges. In addition to the difficulty in accessing the lesion, the lack of well-established criterias for cytological and histological diagnosis, and colposcopic images that are often not very clear, there are many benign situations that mimic glandular diseases. Immunohistochemistry has been used to aid this diagnosis. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the data available in the literature related to the use of p16 and Ki-67 as an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis of glandular disease. METHODS Original articles were searched in the PUBMED/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and BVS using different combinations of keywords and descriptors. RESULTS Of the 83 initial articles, 10 were selected. The criterias used for immunohistochemical interpretation showed many differences. The studies compared benign pathologies to malignant pathologies and some used panels with different immunomarkers while others used only p16. P16 showed an intense staining pattern in malignant pathologies, despite some studies have shown a negative pattern in adenocarcinoma. This can be explained by the histological subtype, not always related to HPV. Some studies have shown immunopositivity for p16 in normal tissues, tubal metaplasia and cervical endometriosis, but the staining pattern was never intense, as in malignant tissues. Ki-67 showed a more intense staining in AIS and adenocarcinoma tissues and was also present in normal tissues, mainly in tubal metaplasia and cervical endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS Biomarkers have proved to be important tools in aiding the diagnosis of glandular lesions, either alone or in panels. Standardization in the interpretation of immunochemistry is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pereira Pinto
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Complex of the Federal University of Paraná, Rua General Carneiro, 181, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Paraná, 80060-900, Brazil.
| | - Rita Maira Zanine
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Hospital Complex of the Federal University of Paraná, Rua General Carneiro, 181, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Paraná, 80060-900, Brazil
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Duggan MA, Duan Q, Pfeiffer RM, Brett MA, Lee S, Abubakar M, Köbel M, Rodriguez M, Sar A. Testing Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Malignant Glandular Tumors of the Uterine Cervix Histotyped per the International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) System. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:91-98. [PMID: 34799503 PMCID: PMC8857037 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The International Endocervical adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) categorizes tumors into human papilloma virus (HPV) associated (HPVA), not associated (NHPV), and invasive adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (IA NOS). HPVA and NHPV encompass 11 histotypes and an algorithm of mucin content, HPV ribonucleic acid (RNA), estrogen receptor and GATA3 is proposed for the diagnosis of most. In this study, the IECC algorithm's diagnoses were compared with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) based IECC histotyping. Kappa statistics measured performance agreement. With additional markers, hierarchical clustering by random forest (RF) classification identified the most discriminating between tumor types, and investigated other algorithms. Three pathologists independently reviewed digitized H&E images of n=152 primary cervical adenocarcinomas for IECC histotype and mucin content, and tissue microarrays for expression of HPV RNA by in situ hybridization and 16 antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Results were finalized by consensus. There were n=113 HPVA, n=22 NHPV, and n=17 IA NOS. Mucin was obvious in n=36 and limited in n=116. Among n=124 with satisfactory test results, HPV RNA was positive in n=96, estrogen receptor in n=72, and GATA3 in n=15. The IECC algorithm diagnosed n=99 which agreed with H&E histotyping in n=64 for a fair κ of 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.50): n=12 were undiagnosed and n=13 were IA NOS. Small sample sizes restricted RF to HPVA versus NHPV which were discriminated by p16, HPV RNA, and MUC6 with an area under the curve of 0.74 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.90). The IECC algorithm for histotyping under-performed. The RF algorithmin for categorization was favorable, but validation in larger studies and investigation of additional algorithms to discriminate between all IECC histotypes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máire A. Duggan
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Qiuli Duan
- Research Facilitation, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ruth M. Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sandra Lee
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Mustapha Abubakar
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin Köbel
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Monica Rodriguez
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Aylin Sar
- Lions Gate Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
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Adenocarcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Immunohistochemical Biomarker Expression and Diagnostic Performance. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:209-217. [PMID: 33264105 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) improves the diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma but is not adequately studied. The performance of 16 antibodies previously reported as potentially discriminating between some histotypes was investigated in 184 tumors comprised of 12 histotype groups collapsed into 3 categories [47 adenocarcinomas in situ (AIS), 121 probable human papillomavirus-dependent adenocarcinomas (HPVD), and 16 of probable independence (HPVI)]. IHC sections from 5 tissue microarrays were scanned, and 3 pathologists independently reviewed images to assess staining percentages and intensities. Biomarker expression was based on published positive and negative cutoffs and agreement between any 2 pathologists. Differences between the 3 categories in the hierarchical ranking of biomarker positivity were analyzed by Random Forest classification, and between select groups by Unsupervised Hierarchical Clustering. Important category discriminants were combined in logistic regression models and the area under the curve (AUC) computed. Potential group discriminants were terminal cluster biomarkers with a 50% or more difference in positivity. Strong associations occurred between the lower expression of carcinoembryonic antigen and stromal actin in AIS compared with HPVD [AUC=0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59-0.80] and in the higher expression of p16 and estrogen receptor in comparison to HPVI (AUC=0.86, 95% CI, 0.73-0.98), and between the higher expression of p16, carcinoembryonic antigen and estrogen receptor in HPVD compared with HPVI (AUC=0.88, 95% CI, 0.77-0.99). Between select groups, 9 biomarkers emerged as potential discriminants. Select IHC biomarkers can discriminate AIS from invasive adenocarcinomas, and invasive adenocarcinomas stratified by human papillomavirus dependency from each other. Independent replication in larger studies is needed, and to confirm discriminants of histotype groups.
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Yang F, Liu D, Deng Y, Wang J, Mei S, Ge S, Li H, Zhang C, Zhang T. Frequent promoter methylation of HOXD10 in endometrial carcinoma and its pathological significance. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3602-3608. [PMID: 32269635 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox D 10 (HOXD10) is important in cell differentiation and morphogenesis and serves as a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in a number of malignancies. The present study investigated its promoter methylation status and association with the clinicopathological features of endometrial cancer (EC), and measured HOXD10 protein expression levels. EC samples (n=62), including 50 endometroid adenocarcinoma (EA) and 12 mucinous endometrial carcinoma samples (EC) and 70 non-cancerous samples were collected. All samples were evaluated for the methylation status of several TSGs, including HOXD10, using methylation-specific PCR. HOXD10 expression level was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment was performed in the EC cell line Ishikawa to observe the change in HOXD10 expression levels. HOXD10 promoter methylation was more frequent in cancer samples (P<0.001). Downregulation of HOXD10 in EC samples was confirmed at the protein level using immunohistochemistry (P<0.001) and immunohistochemical staining was negatively associated with methylation status (P<0.05). Less HOXD10 protein was expressed in MEC compared with EA samples (P<0.001). The HOXD10 promoter was hypermethylated in both EA and MEC, causing decreased HOXD10 protein expression levels in EC cells. HOXD10 expression levels were partially reversed by 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment. The results of the present study demonstrated that epigenetic silencing of HOXD10 putatively contributed to the tumorigenesis of EA. Although there was no significant difference in HOXD10 methylation between EA and MEC, HOXD10 protein expression levels differed between these two diseases, indicating that it may be a useful protein biomarker for distinguishing between these two lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Dongchen Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yupeng Deng
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Mei
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Ge
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hailing Li
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cuijuan Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tingguo Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Bonin L, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Golfier F. [Focus on mucinous adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 47:352-361. [PMID: 30771514 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer of the uterine cervix is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women. Squamous cell carcinoma is the first type of cervical cancer (about 75% of cases), and adenocarcinoma the second. Adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix were redefined in the 2014 WHO classification. Endocervical adenocarcinoma, usual type, is the mose common. Mucinous adenocarcinoma were classified by this classification into different subtypes: gatric type, intestinal type and signet-ring cell type. This literature review shows the caracteristics of these various subtypes of cervical cancer, little known. These are physiopathological, clinical, cytological histological, pronostic caracteristics, and their treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bonin
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique oncologique et obstétrique, CHU Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France.
| | - M Devouassoux-Shisheboran
- Service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, CHU Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - F Golfier
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique oncologique et obstétrique, CHU Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
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