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Doreille A, Vilaine E, Belenfant X, Tabbi W, Massy Z, Corruble E, Basse O, Luque Y, Rondeau E, Benhamou D, François H. Can empathy be taught? A cross-sectional survey assessing training to deliver the diagnosis of end stage renal disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249956. [PMID: 34495963 PMCID: PMC8425537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Receiving the diagnosis of kidney failure has a major impact on patients. Yet, the way in which this diagnosis should be delivered is not formally taught within our medical curriculum. To fill this gap we set up a training course of kidney failure diagnosis delivery for nephrology trainees since 2016. This study assessed the effectiveness of this educational intervention. Methods The primary outcome was change in the empathy score immediately after the training session and several months afterward, based on the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE). Self-reported change in clinical practice was also evaluated. As control groups, we assessed empathy levels in untrained nephrology trainees (n = 26) and senior nephrologists (n = 71). Later on (>6 months) we evaluated participants’ perception of changes in their clinical practice due to the training. Results Six training sessions permitted to train 46 trainees. Most respondents (76%) considered the training to have a durable effect on their clinical practice. Average empathy scores were not significantly different in pre-trained trainees (average JSPE: 103.7 ± 11.4), untrained trainees (102.8 ± 16.4; P = 0.81) and senior nephrologists (107.2 ± 13.6; P = 0.15). Participants’ empathy score significantly improved after the training session (112.8 ± 13.9; P = 0.003). This improvement was sustained several months afterwards (average JSPE 110.5 ± 10.8; P = 0.04). Conclusion A single 4-hour training session can have long lasting impact on empathy and clinical practice of participants. Willingness to listen, empathy and kindness are thought to be innate and instinctive skills, but they can be acquired and should be taught.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Doreille
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Eve Vilaine
- Department of Nephrology, CHU Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Belenfant
- Department of Nephrology, CHI André Grégoire, Montreuil, France
- Réseau de Néphrologie d’Ile de France (Rénif), Paris, France
| | - Wided Tabbi
- Department of Nephrology, CHI André Grégoire, Montreuil, France
| | - Ziad Massy
- Department of Nephrology, CHU Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), UMRS 1018, team 5, UVSQ, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Odile Basse
- Association France Rein Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - Yosu Luque
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1155, Paris, France
| | - Eric Rondeau
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1155, Paris, France
| | - Dan Benhamou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- LabForSIMS Simulation Center, Paris Sud University, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Helene François
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, UMR_S1155, Paris, France
- LabForSIMS Simulation Center, Paris Sud University, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- * E-mail:
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Feasibility and Perception of Cross-sex Face Transplantation to Expand the Donor Pool. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e3100. [PMID: 33133951 PMCID: PMC7544392 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: A major challenge in face transplantation (FT) is the limited donor allograft pool. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of cross-sex FT (CSFT) for donor pool expansion by: (1) comparing craniomaxillofacial metrics following CSFT versus same-sex FT (SSFT); and (2) evaluating the public and medical professionals’ perception of CSFT. Methods: Seven cadaveric FTs were performed, resulting in both CSFT and SSFT. Precision of bony and soft tissue inset was evaluated by comparing pre- versus post-operative cephalometric and anthropometric measurements. Fidelity of the FT compared to the virtual plan was assessed by imaging overlay techniques. Surveys were administered to medical professionals, medical students, and general population to evaluate opinions regarding CSFT. Results: Five CSFTs and 2 SSFTs were performed. Comparison of recipients versus post-transplant outcomes showed that only the bigonial and medial intercanthal distances were statistically different between CSFT and SSFT (P = 0.012 and P = 0.010, respectively). Of the 213 survey participants, more were willing to donate for and undergo SSFT, compared with CSFT (donate: 59.6% versus 53.0%, P = 0.001; receive: 79.5% versus 52.3%, P < 0.001). If supported by research, willingness to receive a CSFT significantly increased to 65.6% (P < 0.001). On non-blinded and blinded assessments, 62.9% and 79% of responses rated the CSFT superior or equal to SSFT, respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates similar anthropometric and cephalometric outcomes for CSFT and SSFT. Participants were more reticent to undergo CSFT, with increased willingness if supported by research. CSFT may represent a viable option for expansion of the donor pool in future patients prepared to undergo transplantation.
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