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Oregi P, Cavale N, Khatib M, Rahman SM. The Ethics and Responsibilities of Social Media Usage by Plastic Surgeons: A Literature Review. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:530-542. [PMID: 37592145 PMCID: PMC10917849 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Social media has revolutionised how plastic surgeons advertise their work and promote their services, but concerns have been raised regarding the ethics of these practices. This review aims to identify said concerns and develop measures to address them. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane and Medline were searched for studies assessing the ethics of social media use by plastic surgeons. Five search terms were used and 23 studies identified. Results were catalogued according to which principle of medical ethics was infringed. RESULTS Autonomy: Patients must not be coerced into allowing their operative media to be shared and content anonymised by removing identifiable features and scrubbing metadata. Beneficence: It is difficult to balance the benefit to patients of posting photographs for educational purposes with the risk of identifiable features being present, particularly within craniofacial surgery. Non-maleficence: Taking operative media could be a distraction from the patient and lengthen the procedure which could lead to harm. Any content posted on social media should be adapted to avoid trivialisation or sexualisation. Justice: Surgeons should not entertain their audience to increase their following at the expense of patients. CONCLUSIONS Greater oversight of social media use by plastic surgeons is required to avoid patient harm and tarnishing of the specialty's professional standing. Professional bodies should be tasked with devising a course dedicated to the responsible use of these platforms. This should ensure the public's trust in the specialty does not become eroded and patients are not harmed by unethical social media use. This review highlights the relevant shortfalls of SoMe use by plastic surgery Several proposals are made to reduce the incidence of these shortfalls and to ensure SoMe is used in a professional and responsible manner It also lists areas of the specialty where SoMe is underused and could be of help, such as academia LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors http://www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Oregi
- GKT School of Medical Education, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Naveen Cavale
- King's College Hospital and Guy's and St.Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Manaf Khatib
- Lister Hospital - East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
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Shiah E, Weidman AA, Valentine L, Alvarez AH, Foppiani JA, Lin SJ. Capitalizing on social media: An evaluation of the public's preferences for plastic surgery social media content. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 83:308-317. [PMID: 37295155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of utilizing social media platforms to promote clinical practices and attract patients has been well established. This study aimed to assess what plastic surgery social media content and educational material the public is most responsive to. METHODS An anonymous 25-question survey was distributed using REDCap and Amazon's Mechanical Turk to ascertain demographic information, patterns of social media use, levels of interest in plastic surgery, and preferences for plastic surgery content. RESULTS Of 401 participants, the typical respondent was between 25 and 34 years old and on social media daily. Almost half of the respondents (46.1%) have intentionally viewed plastic surgery content on social media, of which most used Instagram (71.1%) and Facebook (55.4%). Participants grouped as either younger or older than 35 years old were equally likely to have viewed plastic surgery content (p = 0.33). Content categories with the highest interest were before and after results (mean Likert weight 4.00 ± 1.10), patient testimonials (3.73 ± 1.15), and recovery process (3.67 ± 1.14). Content on celebrities (2.89 ± 1.17), comedic videos (2.79 ± 1.19), and surgeons' private lives (2.51 ± 1.08) received negative interest. Photo posts (51.4%) were preferred more than video posts (27.2%). Before and after results on social media were the most influential factor in the selection of a plastic surgeon (45.9%). CONCLUSIONS The importance of social media for plastic surgeons to be able to interact with patients is at unprecedented heights. Understanding patterns of the public's social media content preferences will help plastic surgeons optimize their social media reach and influence their target audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Shiah
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Allan A Weidman
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lauren Valentine
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Angelica H Alvarez
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jose A Foppiani
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samuel J Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Peymani A, Lokhorst MM, Chen AD, van der Horst CMAM, Lee BT, Lin SJ, Strackee SD. #MadelungDeformity: Insights Into a Rare Congenital Difference Using Social Media. Hand (N Y) 2021; 18:24S-31S. [PMID: 34772284 PMCID: PMC10052623 DOI: 10.1177/15589447211054133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Madelung deformity is a rare congenital hand difference with little known regarding the patient perspective. In this cross-sectional survey study, we harnessed the global reach of social media to understand the clinical spectrum of Madelung deformity and its impact on physical, mental, and social health. METHODS A survey was developed based on a previously published protocol and multiple Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short forms. The survey was distributed on several Madelung deformity communities on Facebook and Instagram. T-scores were calculated, interpreted, and compared between patients who underwent surgery and those who did not. Correlations between scores were calculated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS Mean PROMIS scores for adults were as follows: pain intensity, 4.9 ± 2.8; pain interference, 57.6 ± 10.0; upper extremity, 35.2 ± 8.1; depression, 53.8 ± 11.1; anxiety, 55.4 ± 11.4; and ability to participate in social roles and activities, 42.5 ± 7.7. Mean scores for children were as follows: pain intensity, 5.0 ± 2.8; pain interference, 55.7 ± 11.3; upper extremity function, 24.6 ± 10.4; depressive symptoms, 57.7 ± 11.3; anxiety, 57.3 ± 11.9; and peer relationships, 42.2 ± 10.3. CONCLUSIONS Madelung deformity has significant effects on patients' physical, mental, and social well-being, even after surgical treatment. Using social media, we were able to compensate for Madelung deformity's rarity by engaging an international audience, demonstrating the feasibility to conduct research through it, and providing a global perspective of the disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Peymani
- University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Nischwitz SP, Luze H, Rauch K, Lemelman BT, Heine-Geldern A, Rappl T, Gualdi A, Kamolz LP, Maldonado AA. Analysis of social media use by European plastic surgery societies: A missing link for #PlasticSurgery. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258120. [PMID: 34648527 PMCID: PMC8516210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The field of Plastic Surgery is prominent on social media around the world. Board certified plastic surgeons and societies of plastic surgery play a role in providing accurate, evidence-based information to the public, patients, and colleagues. The aim of this study was to explore the use of social media by European Plastic Surgery Societies. METHODS AND MATERIALS A retrospective analysis of the presence and activity of European Plastic Surgery Societies on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram was conducted between December 12th 2018 and December 12th 2019. The results have been compared to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. RESULTS Twenty, eleven and nine European societies yielded an active account on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram respectively. Only seven European societies had an account on all three platforms and were therefore considered polypresent. The amount of followers of those seven societies was significantly higher than of the others (p-value = 0.02). Their activity yielded significantly more posts on Facebook (p-value = 0.02). The American Society of Plastic Surgeons had more followers on all three platforms than all European societies combined. CONCLUSION Social media are still rather unexploited by European Plastic Surgery Societies. A tendency towards increased visibility can be observed, yet a higher penetration is required to further educate and engage through social media. The quantitative data provided serve as reasonable foundation for further studies and a guide for growth of #PlasticSurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P. Nischwitz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Hanna Luze
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Benjamin T. Lemelman
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Albrecht Heine-Geldern
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Frankfurt am Main, Academic Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Rappl
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- COREMED – Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Andres A. Maldonado
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Frankfurt am Main, Academic Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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Grossman R, Sgarbura O, Hallet J, Søreide K. Social media in surgery: evolving role in research communication and beyond. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2021; 406:505-520. [PMID: 33640992 PMCID: PMC7914121 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-021-02135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present social media (SoMe) platforms for surgeons, how these are used, with what impact, and their roles for research communication. METHODS A narrative review based on a literature search regarding social media use, of studies and findings pertaining to surgical disciplines, and the authors' own experience. RESULTS Several social networking platforms for surgeons are presented to the reader. The more frequently used, i.e., Twitter, is presented with details of opportunities, specific fora for communication, presenting tips for effective use, and also some caveats to use. Details of how the surgical community evolved through the use of the hashtag #SoMe4Surgery are presented. The impact on gender diversity in surgery through important hashtags (from #ILookLikeASurgeon to #MedBikini) is discussed. Practical tips on generating tweets and use of visual abstracts are presented, with influence on post-production distribution of journal articles through "tweetorials" and "tweetchats." Findings from seminal studies on SoMe and the impact on traditional metrics (regular citations) and alternative metrics (Altmetrics, including tweets, retweets, news outlet mentions) are presented. Some concerns on misuse and SoMe caveats are discussed. CONCLUSION Over the last two decades, social media has had a huge impact on science dissemination, journal article discussions, and presentation of conference news. Immediate and real-time presentation of studies, articles, or presentations has flattened hierarchy for participation, debate, and engagement. Surgeons should learn how to use novel communication technology to advance the field and further professional and public interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Grossman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivia Sgarbura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Hallet
- Department of Surgery, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kjetil Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Zhang D, Earp BE. The Usefulness of Instagram Posts Tagging Hand Surgery Conditions. J Hand Microsurg 2020; 14:304-307. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness of Instagram posts for users seeking information about common hand conditions.
Materials and Methods An internet-based study was performed of the top 200 trending posts on Instagram for each of the tags #carpaltunnel and #triggerfinger. The trending position (1 through 200), number of likes (for all posts), and number of views (for video posts only) were recorded. Each post was assessed to determine whether it would be useful for a user seeking medical information. Useful and not useful posts were further classified into thematic categories.
Results Useful posts comprised only 21% of #carpaltunnel posts and 12% of #triggerfinger posts. #carpaltunnel had a significantly higher proportion of useful posts than #triggerfinger. For both #carpaltunnel and #trigger finger, useful posts were not associated with trending position or number of likes. Useful posts commonly provided a clinical image or an anatomical diagram. Posts that were not useful were generally irrelevant to the hand condition, but a minority provided information not supported by evidence or were solely advertising material.
Conclusion Hand surgery patients can be educated that, in its current form, Instagram is not a source of useful information about common hand conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Brandon E. Earp
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Discussion: Analysis of #PlasticSurgery in Europe: An Opportunity for Education and Leadership. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:585-586. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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