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Lommen J, Schorn L, Landers A, Holtmann H, Berr K, Kübler NR, Sproll C, Rana M, Depprich R. Release kinetics of the model protein FITC-BSA from different polymer-coated bovine bone substitutes. Head Face Med 2019; 15:27. [PMID: 31711509 PMCID: PMC6844035 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-019-0211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Controlled release of proteins bound to conventional bone substitutes is still insufficient. Therefore, this study evaluates in-vitro release kinetics of the model protein FITC-BSA (fluorescein conjugated bovine serum albumine) from insoluble bovine collagenous bone matrices (ICBM) with different polymer coatings. Analyzes aim at comparing FITC-BSA release from uncoated versus coated ICBM over time to find bone substitute coatings with consistent release profiles. Methods Release kinetics of FITC-BSA from uncoated as well as coated ICBM with five different polymers (RESOMER R 203 H, RG 503 H, RG 504 H, RG 505, L 206 S) were measured over a period of 11 days (d). Measurements were conducted after 6 h (h), 12 h, 24 h, 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 9 d and 11 d with six samples for each coated ICBM. Two groups were formed (1) with and (2) without medium change at times of measurement. For each group ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni testing was used. Scanning electron microscopy assessed morphologic differences between ICBM coating. Results In group 1 approx. 70% of FITC-BSA release from uncoated ICBM occurred after 6 h compared to approx. 50% in group 2. Only polymers with medium inherent viscosity, i.e. RESOMER RG 503 H, constantly showed significantly more FITC-BSA release throughout 11 d than uncoated ICBM (p = 0.007). The same was found for group 2 (p = 0.005). No significant differences between PLA and PLGA polymers were found. Scanning electron microscopy results indicate a weak adhesion of polymer coatings to ICBM explaining its rather weak retentive effect on overall FITC-BSA release. Conclusions Medium molecular size polymers reduce the overall released FITC-BSA from ICBM over time. In clinical practice these polymers may prove ideal for bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lommen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lara Schorn
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Alexis Landers
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Hattingen, Bredenscheider Straße 54, 45525, Hattingen, Germany
| | - Henrik Holtmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Malteser Clinic St. Johannes, Johannisstraße 21, 47198, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Karin Berr
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert R Kübler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Sproll
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Majeed Rana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Depprich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Nune KC, Misra RDK, Bai Y, Li S, Yang R. Interplay of topographical and biochemical cues in regulating osteoblast cellular activity in BMP-2 eluting three-dimensional cellular titanium alloy mesh structures. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:49-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chaitanya Nune
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at El Paso; 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
| | - R. Devesh Kumar Misra
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering; The University of Texas at El Paso; 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
| | - Yun Bai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016 China
| | - Shujun Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016 China
| | - Rui Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science; Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016 China
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Liu Y, Schouten C, Boerman O, Wu G, Jansen JA, Hunziker EB. The kinetics and mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein 2 release from calcium phosphate-based implant-coatings. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2363-2371. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuelian Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Corinne Schouten
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive; Hand, and Aesthetic Surgery, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven; Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Otto Boerman
- Nuclear Medicine Department; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ernst B. Hunziker
- Departments of Osteoporosis and Orthopaedic Surgery; Inselspital (University Hospital); Bern Switzerland
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Rubessa M, Polkoff K, Bionaz M, Monaco E, Milner DJ, Holllister SJ, Goldwasser MS, Wheeler MB. Use of Pig as a Model for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies for Bone Regeneration. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 28:275-287. [PMID: 28267421 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1279169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a plastic tissue with a large healing capability. However, extensive bone loss due to disease or trauma requires extreme therapy such as bone grafting or tissue-engineering applications. Presently, bone grafting is the gold standard for bone repair, but presents serious limitations including donor site morbidity, rejection, and limited tissue regeneration. The use of stem cells appears to be a means to overcome such limitations. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have been the choice thus far for stem cell therapy for bone regeneration. However, adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) have similar immunophenotype, morphology, multilineage potential, and transcriptome compared to BMSC, and both types have demonstrated extensive osteogenic capacity both in vitro and in vivo in several species. The use of scaffolds in combination with stem cells and growth factors provides a valuable tool for guided bone regeneration, especially for complex anatomic defects. Before translation to human medicine, regenerative strategies must be developed in animal models to improve effectiveness and efficiency. The pig presents as a useful model due to similar macro- and microanatomy and favorable logistics of use. This review examines data that provides strong support for the clinical translation of the pig model for bone regeneration.
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Key Words
- ASC, adipose-derived stem cells
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- BMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- Bone
- DEG, differentially expressed genes
- FDR, false-discovery rate
- HA, hydroxyapatite
- HA/TCP, hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cells
- ONFH, osteonecrosis of the femoral head
- PCL, Poly (ϵ-caprolactone)
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PLGA, polylactic-coglycolic acid
- TCP, beta tri-calcium phosphate
- USSC, unrestricted somatic stem cell
- scaffolds
- stem cells
- swine
- tissue engineering
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Rubessa
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | - Kathryn Polkoff
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | | | - Elisa Monaco
- b Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon , USA
| | - Derek J Milner
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
| | | | - Michael S Goldwasser
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA.,d New Hanover Regional Medical Center , Wilmington , North Carolina , USA
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- a University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois , USA
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Nune KC, Kumar A, Murr LE, Misra RDK. Interplay between self-assembled structure of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteoblast functions in three-dimensional titanium alloy scaffolds: Stimulation of osteogenic activity. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:517-32. [PMID: 26475990 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cellular scaffolds are receiving significant attention in bone tissue engineering to treat segmental bone defects. However, there are indications of lack of significant osteoinductive ability of three-dimensional cellular scaffolds. In this regard, the objective of the study is to elucidate the interplay between bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) and osteoblast functions on 3D mesh structures with different porosities and pore size that were fabricated by electron beam melting. Self-assembled dendritic microstructure with interconnected cellular-type morphology of BMP-2 on 3D scaffolds stimulated osteoblast functions including adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, with prominent effect on 2-mm mesh. Furthermore, immunofluorescence studies demonstrated higher density and viability of osteoblasts on lower porosity mesh structure (2 mm) as compared to 3- and 4-mm mesh structures. Enhanced filopodia cellular extensions with extensive cell spreading was observed on BMP-2 treated mesh structures, a behavior that is attributed to the unique self-assembled structure of BMP-2 that effectively communicates with the cells. The study underscores the potential of BMP-2 in imparting osteoinductive capability to the 3D printed scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nune
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
| | - A Kumar
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
| | - L E Murr
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
| | - R D K Misra
- Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968
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Patel JJ, Flanagan CL, Hollister SJ. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Adsorption onto Poly-ɛ-caprolactone Better Preserves Bioactivity In Vitro and Produces More Bone In Vivo than Conjugation Under Clinically Relevant Loading Scenarios. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2015; 21:489-98. [PMID: 25345571 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One strategy to reconstruct large bone defects is to prefabricate a vascularized flap by implanting a biomaterial scaffold with associated biologics into the latissimus dorsi and then transplanting this construct to the defect site after a maturation period. This strategy, similar to all clinically and regulatory feasible biologic approaches to surgical reconstruction, requires the ability to quickly (<1 h within an operating room) and efficiently bind biologics to scaffolds. It also requires the ability to localize biologic delivery. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of binding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) to poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) using adsorption and conjugation as a function of time. METHODS BMP2 was adsorbed (Ads) or conjugated (Conj) to PCL scaffolds with the same three-dimensional printed architecture while altering exposure time (0.5, 1, 5, and 16 h), temperature (4°C, 23°C), and BMP2 concentration (1.4, 5, 20, and 65 μg/mL). The in vitro release was quantified, and C2C12 cell alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression was used to confirm bioactivity. Scaffolds with either 65 or 20 μg/mL Ads or Conj BMP2 for 1 h at 23°C were implanted subcutaneously in mice to evaluate in vivo bone regeneration. Micro-computed tomography, compression testing, and histology were performed to characterize bone regeneration. RESULTS After 1 h exposure to 65 μg/mL BMP2 at 23°C, Conj and Ads resulted in 12.83 ± 1.78 and 10.78 ± 1.49 μg BMP2 attached, respectively. Adsorption resulted in a positive ALP response and had a small burst release; whereas conjugation provided a sustained release with negligible ALP production, indicating that the conjugated BMP2 may not be bioavailable. Adsorbed 65 μg/mL BMP2 solution resulted in the greatest regenerated bone volume (15.0 ± 3.0 mm³), elastic modulus (20.1 ± 3.0 MPa), and %bone ingrowth in the scaffold interior (17.2% ± 5.4%) when compared with conjugation. CONCLUSION Adsorption may be optimal for the clinical application of prefabricating bone flaps due to BMP2 binding in a short exposure time, retained BMP2 bioactivity, and bone growth adhering to scaffold geometry and into pores with healthy marrow development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janki J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Kim J, Lin B, Kim S, Choi B, Evseenko D, Lee M. TGF-β1 conjugated chitosan collagen hydrogels induce chondrogenic differentiation of human synovium-derived stem cells. J Biol Eng 2015; 9:1. [PMID: 25745515 PMCID: PMC4350967 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unlike bone tissue, articular cartilage regeneration has not been very successful and has many challenges ahead. We have previously developed injectable hydrogels using photopolymerizable chitosan (MeGC) that supported growth of chondrocytes. In this study, we demonstrate a biofunctional hydrogel for specific use in cartilage regeneration by conjugating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), a well-documented chondrogenic factor, to MeGC hydrogels impregnating type II collagen (Col II), one of the major cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Results TGF-β1 was delivered from MeGC hydrogels in a controlled manner with reduced burst release by chemically conjugating the protein to MeGC. The hydrogel system did not compromise viability of encapsulated human synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hSMSCs). Col II impregnation and TGF-β1 delivery significantly enhanced cellular aggregation and deposition of cartilaginous ECM by the encapsulated cells, compared with pure MeGC hydrogels. Conclusions This study demonstrates successful engineering of a biofunctional hydrogel with a specific microenvironment tailored to promote chondrogenesis. This hydrogel system can provide promising efficacious therapeutics in the treatment of cartilage defects. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1754-1611-9-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinku Kim
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, 339-701 South Korea
| | - Brian Lin
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Soyon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Bogyu Choi
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Denis Evseenko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Kim JE, Lee EJ, Kim HE, Koh YH, Jang JH. The impact of immobilization of BMP-2 on PDO membrane for bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1488-93. [PMID: 22396132 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(dioxanone) (PDO) is colorless, crystalline, a biodegradable synthetic polymers that is used for biomedical applications, such as surgical sutures, cardiovascular applications, orthopedics, and plastic surgery. Recently, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is widely used for bone tissue engineering. For the first time we report here on the in vitro performance of an electrospun PDO membrane immobilized with BMP-2. Immobilized BMP-2 on PDO membrane enhanced ALPase activity, the osteogenic differentiation gene expressions as well as cell attachment, except cell proliferation when compared to that of PDO membrane alone. These results suggest that PDO membrane with BMP-2 is helpful to promote bone healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 400-712, Republic of Korea
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Strategies for regeneration of the bone using porcine adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Theriogenology 2011; 75:1381-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhang H, Migneco F, Lin CY, Hollister SJ. Chemically-conjugated bone morphogenetic protein-2 on three-dimensional polycaprolactone scaffolds stimulates osteogenic activity in bone marrow stromal cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:3441-8. [PMID: 20560772 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) has received considerable attention in bone tissue engineering. However, the lack of osteoinductive ability of PCL limits its application. The aim of this study was to directly attach bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to PCL scaffolds by a crosslinking conjugation method and to investigate whether the bound BMP-2 maintained bioactivity in vitro. Immunofluorescent staining against BMP-2 and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements demonstrated that BMP-2 was successfully immobilized on the PCL three-dimensional scaffold by aminolysis and subsequent chemical conjugation. Conjugation produced much higher immobilization efficiency than the physical adsorption. Conjugated BMP-2 release from the PCL scaffolds was significantly slower than that from BMP-2-adsorbed PCL scaffolds over 15 days, which resulted in more BMP-2 locally retained on the conjugated scaffold. Further, the downstream Smads pathway was upregulated in bone marrow stromal cells cultured on the BMP-2-conjugated PCL scaffolds. Finally, gene expression of osteogenic markers (alkaline phosphatase, osteoclacin, and type I collagen) was upregulated in bone marrow stromal cells cultured on the PCL scaffolds with BMP-2 conjugation, but not on PCL scaffolds after BMP-2 adsorption. Therefore, our finding demonstrated that BMP-2 conjugation on polyester scaffolds is a feasible way to impart scaffolds with osteoinductive capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Osteogenic Potential of Polymer-Bound Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on MC3T3-E1 Two-Dimensional Cell Cultures. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 124:2199-2200. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3181bcf5ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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