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Zacharopoulou P, Lee M, Oliveira T, Thornhill J, Robinson N, Brown H, Kinloch S, Goulder P, Fox J, Fidler S, Ansari MA, Frater J. Prevalence of resistance-associated viral variants to the HIV-specific broadly neutralising antibody 10-1074 in a UK bNAb-naïve population. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352123. [PMID: 38562938 PMCID: PMC10982389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) targeting HIV show promise for both prevention of infection and treatment. Among these, 10-1074 has shown potential in neutralising a wide range of HIV strains. However, resistant viruses may limit the clinical efficacy of 10-1074. The prevalence of both de novo and emergent 10-1074 resistance will determine its use at a population level both to protect against HIV transmission and as an option for treatment. To help understand this further, we report the prevalence of pre-existing mutations associated with 10-1074 resistance in a bNAb-naive population of 157 individuals presenting to UK HIV centres with primary HIV infection, predominantly B clade, receiving antiretroviral treatment. Single genome analysis of HIV proviral envelope sequences showed that 29% of participants' viruses tested had at least one sequence with 10-1074 resistance-associated mutations. Mutations interfering with the glycan binding site at HIV Env position 332 accounted for 95% of all observed mutations. Subsequent analysis of a larger historic dataset of 2425 B-clade envelope sequences sampled from 1983 to 2019 revealed an increase of these mutations within the population over time. Clinical studies have shown that the presence of pre-existing bNAb mutations may predict diminished therapeutic effectiveness of 10-1074. Therefore, we emphasise the importance of screening for these mutations before initiating 10-1074 therapy, and to consider the implications of pre-existing resistance when designing prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Lee
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thiago Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - John Thornhill
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Robinson
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Brown
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Kinloch
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Goulder
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Fox
- Department of Infection, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Fidler
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M. Azim Ansari
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Frater
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Zacharopoulou P, Ansari MA, Frater J. A calculated risk: Evaluating HIV resistance to the broadly neutralising antibodies10-1074 and 3BNC117. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2022; 17:352-358. [PMID: 36178770 PMCID: PMC9594129 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW Broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) are a promising new therapy for the treatment of HIV infection. However, the effective use of bNAbs is impacted by the presence of preexisting virological resistance and the potential to develop new resistance during treatment. With several bNAb clinical trials underway, sensitive and scalable assays are needed to screen for resistance. This review summarises the data on resistance from published clinical trials using the bNAbs 10-1074 and 3BNC117 and evaluates current approaches for detecting bNAb sensitivity as well as their limitations. RECENT FINDINGS Analyses of samples from clinical trials of 10-1074 and 3BNC117 reveal viral mutations that emerge on therapy which may result in bNAb resistance. These mutations are also found in some potential study participants prior to bNAb exposure. These clinical data are further informed by ex-vivo neutralisation assays which offer an alternative measure of resistance and allow more detailed interrogation of specific viral mutations. However, the limited amount of publicly available data and the need for better understanding of other viral features that may affect bNAb binding mean there is no widely accepted approach to measuring bNAb resistance. SUMMARY Resistance to the bNAbs 10-1074 and 3BNC117 may significantly impact clinical outcome following their therapeutic administration. Predicting bNAb resistance may help to lower the risk of treatment failure and therefore a robust methodology to screen for bNAb sensitivity is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Zacharopoulou
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford
| | - M. Azim Ansari
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford
| | - John Frater
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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Calado R, Duarte J, Borrego P, Marcelino JM, Bártolo I, Martin F, Figueiredo I, Almeida S, Graça L, Vítor J, Aires da Silva F, Dias I, Carrapiço B, Taveira N. A Prime-Boost Immunization Strategy with Vaccinia Virus Expressing Novel gp120 Envelope Glycoprotein from a CRF02_AG Isolate Elicits Cross-Clade Tier 2 HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E171. [PMID: 32272637 PMCID: PMC7349027 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of new immunogens eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a main priority for the HIV-1 vaccine field. Envelope glycoproteins from non-B-non-C HIV-1clades have not been fully explored as components of a vaccine. We produced Vaccinia viruses expressing a truncated version of gp120 (gp120t) from HIV-1 clades CRF02_AG, H, J, B, and C and examined their immunogenicity in mice and rabbits. Mice primed with the recombinant Vaccinia viruses and boosted with the homologous gp120t or C2V3C3 polypeptides developed antibodies that bind potently to homologous and heterologous envelope glycoproteins. Notably, a subset of mice immunized with the CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens developed a cross-reactive neutralizing response against tier 2 HIV-1 Env-pseudoviruses and primary isolates. Rabbits vaccinated with the CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens also generated potent binding antibodies, and one animal elicited antibodies that neutralized almost all (13 of 16, 81.3%) tier 2 HIV-1 isolates tested. Overall, the results suggest that the novel CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens and prime-boost immunization strategy elicit the type of immune responses required for a preventive HIV-1 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Calado
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Joana Duarte
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Pedro Borrego
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - José Maria Marcelino
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Inês Bártolo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Francisco Martin
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Inês Figueiredo
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Silvia Almeida
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-02 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.G.)
- Post-Graduate Program in Infectious Diseases, and Department of Social Medicine, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Luís Graça
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-02 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.A.); (L.G.)
| | - Jorge Vítor
- Biochemistry and Human Biology Dept, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Frederico Aires da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (F.A.d.S.); (I.D.); (B.C.)
| | - Inês Dias
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (F.A.d.S.); (I.D.); (B.C.)
| | - Belmira Carrapiço
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (F.A.d.S.); (I.D.); (B.C.)
| | - Nuno Taveira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (J.D.); (P.B.); (J.M.M.); (I.B.); (F.M.); (I.F.)
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Portugal
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