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Licini C, Morroni G, Lucarini G, Vitto VAM, Orlando F, Missiroli S, D'Achille G, Perrone M, Spadoni T, Graciotti L, Bigossi G, Provinciali M, Offidani A, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Cirioni O, Pinton P, Simonetti O, Marchi S. ER-mitochondria association negatively affects wound healing by regulating NLRP3 activation. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:407. [PMID: 38862500 PMCID: PMC11167056 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most common causative agent of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSI), one of the major challenges to the health system worldwide. Although the use of antibiotics as the first line of intervention for MRSA-infected wounds is recommended, important side effects could occur, including cytotoxicity or immune dysregulation, thus affecting the repair process. Here, we show that the oxazolidinone antibiotic linezolid (LZD) impairs wound healing by aberrantly increasing interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) production in keratinocytes. Mechanistically, LZD triggers a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-independent mitochondrial damage that culminates in increased tethering between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which in turn activates the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex by promoting its assembly to the mitochondrial surface. Downregulation of ER-mitochondria contact formation is sufficient to inhibit the LZD-driven NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production, restoring wound closure. These results identify the ER-mitochondria association as a key factor for NLRP3 activation and reveal a new mechanism in the regulation of the wound healing process that might be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Licini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Morroni
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Orlando
- Experimental Animal Models for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Missiroli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria D'Achille
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mariasole Perrone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tatiana Spadoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Graciotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bigossi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oscar Cirioni
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Oriana Simonetti
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, 60121, Ancona, Italy.
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Castaldo N, Vena A, Limongelli A, Giacobbe DR, Bassetti M. Emerging treatment options for skin and soft tissue infections tailoring drug selection to individual patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2024; 37:80-86. [PMID: 38277175 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a brief overview of drugs in Phase II and III of development for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), offering insights into potential customized treatment options. RECENT FINDINGS Several drugs are currently in advanced stages of evaluation for the treatment of ABSSSI, and numerous molecules are entering in the early development phases. Notably, many of these drugs exhibit unique mechanisms of action and interesting antimicrobial spectrum. SUMMARY Tailoring antibiotic therapy based on patient characteristics, likely pathogens, type, site and severity of ABSSSI is crucial. Given the inherent limitations of available treatments, the development of novel agents is a pivotal avenue. Such advancements hold promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and simplifying drug selection for ABSSSI in everyday clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Castaldo
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine
| | - Antonio Vena
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, IRCCS San Martino polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Limongelli
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, IRCCS San Martino polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Roberto Giacobbe
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, IRCCS San Martino polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bassetti
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa
- Clinica Malattie Infettive, IRCCS San Martino polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Bouza E, Burillo A, Muñoz P. How to manage skin and soft-tissue infections in the emergency department. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:81-88. [PMID: 36853739 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our purpose is to review the state-of-the-art on the management of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in emergency departments (ED).Although the information is scarce, SSTI may account for 3-30% of all cases presenting to an ED, of which 25-40% require hospital admission.SSTI include very different entities in aetiology, location, pathogenesis, extension, and severity. Therefore, no single management can be applied to them all. A simple approach is to classify them as non-purulent, purulent, and necrotising, to which a severity scale based on their systemic repercussions (mild, moderate, and severe) must be added.The initial approach to many SSTIs often requires no other means than anamnesis and physical examination, but imaging tests are an indispensable complement in many other circumstances (ultrasound, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging…). In our opinion, an attempt at etiological filiation should be made in severe cases or where there is suspicion of a causality other than the usual one, with tests based not only on cultures of the local lesion but also molecular tests and blood cultures. RECENT FINDINGS Recent contributions of interest include the value of bedside ultrasound and the potential usefulness of biomarkers such as thrombomodulin to differentiate in early stages the presence of necrotising lesions not yet explicit.New antimicrobials will allow the treatment of many of these infections, including severe ones, with oral drugs with good bioavailability and for shorter periods. SUMMARY The ED has an essential role in managing SSTIs, in their classification, in decisions on when and where to administer antimicrobial treatment, and in the rapid convening of multidisciplinary teams that can deal with the most complex situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Bouza
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM)
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Burillo
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM)
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM)
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
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Liu L, Ma Q, Wang S, Gao Y, Zhu C, Zhao W, Sun W, Ma H, Sun Y. Efficient epidermal delivery of antibiotics by self-assembled lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced therapy on epidermal bacterial infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:568-579. [PMID: 35902014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The treatment for epidermal bacterial infections has become a primary healthy concern, producing a significant therapeutic challenge. Here we present a facile strategy to fabricate lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles (LCNPs) for efficient epidermal drug delivery over epidermal bacterial infections. The central rotatable composite design method was used for the optimization of the preparation, and that the optimal size (212.63 ± 1.95 nm) was obtained via analysis of variance (ANOVA). The prepared CIP-LCNPs show an average diameter of 325.9 ± 7.4 nm and a zeta potential of 26.6 ± 1.2 mV. Antibiotics can be well encapsulated in LCNPs and its release kinetics is studied with cumulative release of 93.81 ± 2.05 % for 48 h. The hemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and skin irritation are further investigated. The zones of inhibition are 2.16 ± 0.04 cm and 2.92 ± 0.03 cm for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Moreover, in vitro permeation studies demonstrate that LCNPs can increase the accumulation of antibiotics in the epidermis with retention ratio 2-3 fold higher than commercial formulations. The in vivo result over epidermal-infected wound demonstrates the superior therapeutic effects of LCNPs. The developed LCNPs represent an important advance in fabricating therapeutic materials for enhanced therapy over epidermal bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qingming Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Suning Wang
- Tongliao Market Detection and Testing Center, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chunrong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenbin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wentao Sun
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266113, China.
| | - Haifeng Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Zibo Municipal Hospital, Zibo 255400, China.
| | - Yong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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