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Liu H, Li Q, Wei X, Ma J, Long K, Ouyang X, Liu N, Li Y, He L, Dai L, Cai X. Elevated serum cholesterol levels are associated with proteinuria over 0.5 g/day in premenopausal women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221101287. [PMID: 35593459 PMCID: PMC9130808 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221101287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) commonly occurs in
premenopausal women and is associated with elevated estrogen levels. Patients
with SLE may have abnormal serum triglyceride (TG) levels, and lipid reportedly
promotes kidney damage in patients with nephrosis. Since estrogen regulates
lipid levels, we investigated the serum lipid levels of premenopausal women with
SLE and their relationship with proteinuria. Methods: This
cross-sectional study included 123 premenopausal women with SLE (SLE group), who
were classified into 24-h urine protein exceeding 0.5 g (24 h-UPRO > 0.5 g,
n = 22) and 24 h-UPRO ≤ 0.5 g (n = 101)
subgroups, and 100 similarly aged healthy women (control group). Clinical
characteristics and biomarker levels were compared between these groups. The
associated factors of proteinuria over 0.5 g/day were evaluated using
multivariate logistic regression. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curve was plotted to assess the cholesterol (CH) cut-off associated with
increased development of proteinuria over 0.5 g/day. Results: The
SLE group had significantly higher serum TG levels than that of control group.
24 h-UPRO were significantly correlated with serum creatinine, CH, TG, and uric
acid levels. Serum CH level was the greatest associated factor for proteinuria
over 0.5 g/day. The area under the ROC curve was 0.843, with a CH cut-off of
4.58 mmol/L. Patients with serum CH above 4.58 mmol/L had a higher proportion of
type IV LN, but with no statistical difference. Conclusions: In
premenopausal SLE patients, serum TG levels were higher than in healthy women,
and serum CH levels were the primary associated factor for proteinuria over
0.5 g/day. Proteinura over 0.5 g/day may occur in women with SLE with serum CH
levels >4.58 mmol/L. CH levels may be useful for predicting proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, 477093Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianhua Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, 56713Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuning Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, 56713Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianda Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, 56713Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - KangXia Long
- Department of Rheumatology, 477093Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Ouyang
- Department of Rheumatology, 477093Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nemin Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, 477093Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Lab Center, Guangdong Cord Blood Bank, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Municipality Tianhe Nuoya Bio-engineering Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping He
- Department of Rheumatology, 477093Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lie Dai
- Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, 56713Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, 74668Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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