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Adu-Gyamfi KO, Patri S, Boapimp P, Gyamfi R. Leukemic Arthritis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Mimicking Both Gout and Septic Arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:e238-e240. [PMID: 32251057 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandeep Patri
- Hospitalist Department, HSHS St Vincent Hospital, Green Bay, WI
| | - Pimpawan Boapimp
- Division of infectious Disease, WMU Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI
| | - Richmond Gyamfi
- From the Hospitalist Department, HSHS St Mary's Hospital Medical Center
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Smits M, van de Groes S, Thurlings RM. Synovial Tissue Biopsy Collection by Rheumatologists: Ready for Clinical Implementation? Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:138. [PMID: 31281817 PMCID: PMC6595539 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial tissue from arthritis patients is increasingly used for both basic pathophysiological and clinical translational research. This development has been spurred by the development of biotechnological techniques for analysis of complex tissues and the validation of ultrasound guided biopsies for easier tissue sampling. This increasing use of synovial tissue raises questions on standardization of methodologies for tissue processing and cellular & molecular analyses. Furthermore, it raises the question if synovial tissue biopsy analysis may be more widely implemented in clinical practice, what are the methodological hurdles for implementation and what are the lessons that can be learned from previous experience. This will be the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijn Smits
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Rogier M Thurlings
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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[Synovial fluid cytodiagnosis]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2019; 53:100-112. [PMID: 32199591 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Synovial fluid samples represent only a very small percentage of routine work in a cytology laboratory. However, its microscopic examination allows us to observe different types of cells, particles and structures that, due to their morphological characteristics, may provide relevant data for cytodiagnosis. We present certain aspects related to arthrocentesis, the relationship between the gross appearance of synovial fluid and certain pathological processes, as well as the different techniques for processing and staining the smears. Furthermore, we describe the main cytological findings in various pathological conditions of the synovial joints, such as infections (bacterial and fungal), non-infectious inflammatory type (osteoarthrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue diseases) and tumoral, distinguishing between primary and metastatic, both solid and haematological neoplasms.
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Rujirachun P, Junyavoraluk A, Owattanapanich W, Suvannarerg V, Sirinvaravong S. Leukemic arthritis and severe hypercalcemia in a man with chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2018; 12:257. [PMID: 30196795 PMCID: PMC6130082 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-018-1798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia typically present with high white blood cell counts revealed during annual checkups. Leukemic arthritis and hypercalcemia are rare manifestations in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Case presentation A 35-year-old Thai man who had been diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase developed blast crisis while he was receiving ongoing treatment with imatinib at 400 mg/day. Initially, he presented with oligoarthritis in both knees and ankles. A bone scintigraphy showed a prominent bony uptake, with a symmetrical, increased uptake in many bone areas. Induction therapy with a 7 + 3 induction regimen was prescribed in conjunction with 600 mg of imatinib once daily before switching to 140 mg of dasatinib. He subsequently developed severe hypercalcemia (total serum calcium of 17.8 mg/dL), with generalized osteolytic lesions detected on a bone survey. His serum vitamin D level was 50.64 ng/mL, while the serum parathyroid hormone level was 9.82 pg/mL. Despite the administration of an aggressive intravenously administered hydration, intravenously administered calcitonin, and 600 mg/day of imatinib, the severe hypercalcemia was refractory. We therefore decided to prescribe 20 mg/day of intravenously administered dexamethasone; fortunately, his serum calcium level decreased dramatically to normal range within a few days. Conclusions Although leukemic arthritis and severe hypercalcemia are extraordinary presentations in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, the advanced phase of the disease might bring on these symptoms. Apart from parathyroid hormone-related protein-related hypercalcemia, vitamin D is a mechanism of humoral-mediated hypercalcemia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13256-018-1798-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weerapat Owattanapanich
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Voraparee Suvannarerg
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Sirinvaravong
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Large granular leukemia with concurrent central nervous system and articular infiltration in a cat. REVUE VÉTÉRINAIRE CLINIQUE 2018. [PMCID: PMC7148674 DOI: 10.1016/j.anicom.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old female domestic shorthair cat was referred with a 2 month history of lethargy, weight loss, recurrent hyperthermia and polyarthropathy despite prednisolone. Upon physical examination, the cat showed apathy, hyperthermia, multiple appendicular joint pain and swelling. The CBC showed severe macrocytic normochromic non-regenerative anemia and thrombocytopenia. A population of immature large granular lymphocytes (LGL) was noted on blood smear. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes (LNs), hyper echoic liver and splenomegaly. Cytology of fine needle aspirate of synovial fluid, spleen, liver, enlarged abdominal LNs and bone marrow supported a diagnosis of LGL leukemia with concurrent articular infiltration. A COP-based protocol was initiated with L-asparaginase (400 UI/kg intramuscularly) and prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day orally). However, the cat presented 1 week later with obtundation and paresis, indicating the involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). LGL were also observed on cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Histologic examination noted LGL in the spleen, liver and LNs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) yielded negative results for both B- and T-cells thus suggesting NK-cells. The diagnosis was LGL leukemia with concurrent articular and CNS involvement. Articular infiltration with LGL is rarely reported in small animals, whereas CNS involvement was previously only suspected in a cat at necropsy.
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Xu D, Xu G, Lin J. Whether innate immune together with genetic factor are involved in leukemic arthritis?: A case report and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9919. [PMID: 29443770 PMCID: PMC5839829 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of leukemic arthritis (LA) of monocytic differentiation, which presented with spondyloarthritis-like symptoms and a positive human leukocyte antigen-B27, and discuss its potential mechanisms.The patient was admitted because of pain in her right knee and lower back for 18 months. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse hyperintense signal in the bilateral liac bones and bone marrow edema and synovitis in the right knee.The diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia and LA were concluded by bone marrow aspiration and flow cytometry of the synovial fluid.The patient had poor response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. One week after she received chemotherapy, the symptoms were dramatically relieved.For 5-year follow-up, she got clinical remission without suffering pain of the right knee and the lower back.Leukemic arthritis is a rare manifestation of leukemia with unknown mechanism and may be the initial presentation of leukemia. The problem whether abnormal immune response of the neoplasitc monocytes together with hereditary factors contribute to the pathogenesis of LA in adult is raised from this case, which worth further research.
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Xu D, Xu G, Xu L, Cao H, Xu B, Chen W, Sun C, Yue L, Lin J. Acute lymphocytic leukemia mimicking spondyloarthritis in an adolescent: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1143-1145. [PMID: 26893708 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the case of an 18-year-old adolescent male exhibiting acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), complicated by the onset of the symptom of sacroiliitis mimicking spondyloarthritis. Atypical features including an enlarged spleen, poor effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy, low levels of hemoglobin, a low platelet count, a low neutrophil count and increased levels of monocytes, indicated the possibility of hematological malignancy. Bone marrow examination confirmed the diagnosis of ALL. The patient received chemotherapy and the symptoms were dramatically relieved. To the best of our knowledge, the current study reports the second published case of a patient with ALL presenting with sacroiliitis. Sacroiliitis as an onset manifestation of ALL may result in misdiagnosis, therefore, a differential diagnosis is essential when atypical features are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Liqin Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Heng Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Bei Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lihuan Yue
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Morais SA, du Preez HE, Akhtar MR, Cross S, Isenberg DA. Musculoskeletal complications of haematological disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 55:968-81. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Matsumoto T, Saito T, Kohsaka H. A case of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia complicated with spondyloarthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2015; 28:373-375. [PMID: 26392142 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2015.1097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder with myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative overlap feature, is frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, such as vasculitis, polyarthritis, and neutrophilic dermatosis. We herein report the first case of CMML complicated with spondyloarthritis (SpA). A 64-year-old female patient, admitted to our hospital with buttock pain alternating left and right, was found to have sacroiliitis and spondylitis by contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Peripheral blood test and bone marrow biopsy revealed an increase of monocytes with trilineage dysplasia. We made a diagnosis of CMML. Although arthritic symptoms and imaging findings initially improved by azacitidine, CMML was thereafter transformed into acute myeloid leukemia. She is scheduled to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The concomitant onset of sacroiliitis with CMML suggested that her SpA feature was a paraneoplastic phenomenon of CMML. Thus, we must be aware that myelodysplastic syndrome including CMML can manifest as SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Matsumoto
- a Department of Rheumatology , Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tetsuya Saito
- a Department of Rheumatology , Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kohsaka
- a Department of Rheumatology , Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , Tokyo , Japan
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Birckhead BJ, Peterson JL, Patel AB, Miller RC. Palliative Radiation for Leukemic Arthropathy from Human T-Cell Lymphoma Virus-associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia Lymphoma. Rare Tumors 2015; 7:5834. [PMID: 26500728 PMCID: PMC4600990 DOI: 10.4081/rt.2015.5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphoma virus (HTLV)-associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma is a rare cancer in the United States, but there are several areas around the world where the virus is endemic. HTLV-associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma has been associated with leukemic arthropathy. We present a patient with HTLV-associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma with leukemic arthropathy. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and chemotherapy are often used for treatment, we describe the successful use of radiation therapy in the palliative relief of symptoms from leukemic arthropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ajay B Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Robert C Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Yamashita H, Ueda Y, Ozaki T, Tsuchiya H, Takahashi Y, Kaneko H, Kano T, Mimori A. Characteristics of 10 patients with paraneoplastic rheumatologic musculoskeletal manifestations. Mod Rheumatol 2013; 24:492-8. [PMID: 24252036 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.843762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the possible correlation of malignant neoplasms and paraneoplastic rheumatologic syndromes. METHODS We studied a series of 10 patients with paraneoplastic rheumatological syndromes collected from our Division of Rheumatic Disease between 2006 and 2012. RESULTS Our series consisted of four males and six females, with a mean age of 65.5 years (range, 57-78 years). Of the 10 patients recruited, six had hematological malignancies and four had solid cancers. Malignancies were diagnosed after rheumatic symptoms were reported in all patients. Compared to solid tumors, hemopathy was diagnosed at a later time point (16.2 vs. 7.3 months). Extra-articular symptoms were associated with rheumatologic musculoskeletal manifestations in 100% of the patients. Polyarthritis was the main rheumatologic musculoskeletal manifestation (50% of the patients). The other manifestations were oligopolyarthritis and polymyalgia rheumatic-like symptoms (20% of the patients). Symmetric arthritis was present in 60% of the patients, and the remaining patients developed asymmetric arthritis. Musculoskeletal manifestations completely regressed in 66.7% of the patients after cancer therapy. When tumor relapse was observed, rheumatic symptoms did not recur in any of our patients (100%). CONCLUSIONS Rheumatic disorders with atypical clinical presentation in older patients, poor response to usual treatment and systemic features such as weight loss and clinical findings compatible with well-recognized paraneoplastic syndromes should alert clinicians to the possible coexistence of an occult malignancy. Especially in cases of paraneoplastic rheumatic/musculoskeletal manifestations associated with hemopathy, the primary disease is unlikely to have manifested yet, making the diagnosis difficult. Thus, caution is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamashita
- Division of Rheumatic Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan
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Marengo MF, Suarez-Almazor ME, Lu H. Neoplastic and Paraneoplastic Synovitis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2011; 37:551-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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