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Juri C, Kramer V, Riss PJ, Soza-Ried C, Haeger A, Pruzzo R, Rösch F, Amaral H, Chana-Cuevas P. [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT Imaging for Evaluation of Nigrostriatal Neuron Integrity in Patients With Parkinson Disease. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:119-124. [PMID: 33323728 PMCID: PMC7774816 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degeneration of dopaminergic, nigrostriatal neurons is the hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD), and PET quantification of dopamine transporters is a widely accepted method for differential diagnosis between idiopathic PD and essential tremor. [18F]PR04.MZ is a new PET tracer with excellent imaging properties allowing for precise quantification of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine transporter. Here we describe our initial experience with [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT in a larger cohort of healthy controls and PD patients as a proof-of-concept study for this tracer. METHODS Eighteen healthy subjects, 19 early PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr I-II), and 13 moderate-advanced PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr III-IV) underwent static PET/CT scans 60 to 90 minutes after injection of 5.16 ± 1.03 mCi (191 ± 38 MBq) [18F]PR04.MZ. Specific binding ratios (SBRs) were calculated for caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, posterior putamen, substantia nigra (SNpc), compared between different groups and correlated with clinical ratings. RESULTS [18F]PR04.MZ showed very high and specific uptake in the putamen, caudate, and substantia nigra pars compacta and very low nonspecific binding in other brain regions, and SBR values for the control group were 22.3 ± 4.1, 19.1 ± 3.5, and 5.4 ± 1.2, respectively. A reduction of SBR values was observed in all regions and in both initial and moderate PD, ranging from 35% to 89% (P < 0.001). The observed pattern of reduction was posterior putamen > anterior putamen > substantia nigra pars compacta > caudate, with contralateral posterior putamen being the most affected region. Rostrocaudal depletion gradient was evident in all PD patients and progression correlated with motor manifestations. CONCLUSIONS [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT is a highly sensitive imaging modality for the detection of dopaminergic deficit in nigrostriatal pathways in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Juri
- From the Department of Neurology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Sotero del Río
| | - Vasko Kramer
- Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center PositronMed
- Positronpharma SA, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Rösch
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Horacio Amaral
- Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center PositronMed
- Positronpharma SA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Chana-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Matesan M, Gaddikeri S, Longfellow K, Miyaoka R, Elojeimy S, Elman S, Hu SC, Minoshima S, Lewis D. I-123 DaTscan SPECT Brain Imaging in Parkinsonian Syndromes: Utility of the Putamen-to-Caudate Ratio. J Neuroimaging 2018; 28:629-634. [PMID: 29905019 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Computer-based analysis of Dopamine transporter imaging (DaTscan) can aid in image interpretation. In this study, we examined the distribution of putamen-to-caudate ratios (PCRs) obtained by using a clinically available semiquantification method. METHODS Medical records of 32 patients (M:16) with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 22) or Parkinson's plus syndromes (PPS) (n = 10) based on clinical follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed. Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging was performed 4 hours after intravenous injection of 3-5 mCi [I-123]-ioflupane. Semiquantitative evaluation using DaTQUANT software was performed. Utility of PCR with a cutoff of .7 and .8 in the diagnosis of nigrostriatal degeneration was assessed. PD and PPS groups based on clinical assessment and caudate-to-background ratio (CBR) were assessed separately. RESULTS Minimum PCR for both hemispheres was .74 ± .09 (Mean ± SD, range: .58-.89), with 65.63% patients (21/32) having PCR > .7. Mean PCR in mild nigrostriatal degeneration was .77 ± .08 (range: .62-.89) and in advanced nigrostriatal degeneration was .73 ± .09 (range: .58-.89). Mean PCR in PD group was .73 ± .09 (range: .58-.89) and in PPS group was .75 ± .10 (range: .61-.88). CONCLUSIONS Although PCR can intrinsically be a useful indication of disease, this ratio obtained in our analysis by using one of the clinically available automatic semiquantitative methods has large variability and might not be a reliable numeric marker in interpretation of [I-123]ioflupane studies. This may be due to difficulty in separating caudate from putamen on SPECT images, as well as the nonuniform decreased Ioflupane uptake in both putamen and caudate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Matesan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Santhosh Gaddikeri
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Robert Miyaoka
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Saeed Elojeimy
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Shana Elman
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Shu-Ching Hu
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - David Lewis
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Pagano G, Yousaf T, Wilson H, Niccolini F, Polychronis S, Chaudhuri KR, Politis M. Constipation is not associated with dopamine transporter pathology in early drug-naïve patients with Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2017; 25:307-312. [PMID: 29078029 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Constipation is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Deposition of α-synuclein inclusions that spread from the gut to the substantia nigra through the vagus nerve has recently been speculated to be a pre-motor and early stage of PD. The aim of the study was to investigate whether constipation is associated with dopaminergic pathology on dopamine transporter (DAT) single-photon emission computed tomography in early drug-naïve patients with PD. Our hypothesis was that constipation is associated with other signs of pre-motor PD and is independent of DAT pathology. We then investigated for associations with motor and non-motor symptoms, and with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of PD pathology. METHODS Using the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database, we investigated the prevalence of constipation and the association between constipation and clinical features, striatal [123 I]Ioflupane uptake and non-imaging (cerebrospinal fluid and serum) biomarkers. Constipation was evaluated using Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part I item 1.11. RESULTS One third (132/398) of de-novo patients with PD had constipation. Higher severity of constipation correlated with older age (r = 0.728, P < 0.001), higher MDS-UPDRS total score (r = 0.285, P < 0.001), worse postural instability (r = 0.190, P = 0.012), rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (r = 0.228, P < 0.0001) and depression (r = 0.187, P = 0.024). No correlation was found with cerebrospinal fluid, serum and imaging markers of PD pathology. CONCLUSIONS Constipation was not associated with DAT pathology but with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and depression, which are speculated to be pre-motor symptoms of PD. This confirms the hypothesis that constipation may be a pre-motor sign of PD due to an impairment of non-dopaminergic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pagano
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - T Yousaf
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - H Wilson
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - F Niccolini
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Polychronis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - K R Chaudhuri
- National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,National Parkinson Foundation International Centre of Excellence, Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London and Kings College Hospital, London, UK
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Baek S, Oh J, Song J, Choi H, Yoo J, Park GY, Han J, Chang Y, Park H, Kim H, Cho SG, Kim BS, Kim J. Generation of Integration-Free Induced Neurons Using Graphene Oxide-Polyethylenimine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1601993. [PMID: 28145631 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Direct conversion of somatic cells into induced neurons (iNs) without inducing pluripotency has great therapeutic potential for treating central nervous system diseases. Reprogramming of somatic cells to iNs requires the introduction of several factors that drive cell-fate conversion, and viruses are commonly used to deliver these factors into somatic cells. However, novel gene-delivery systems that do not integrate transgenes into the genome are required to generate iNs for safe human clinical applications. In this study, it is investigated whether graphene oxide-polyethylenimine (GO-PEI) complexes are an efficient and safe system for messenger RNA delivery for direct reprogramming of iNs. The GO-PEI complexes show low cytotoxicity, high delivery efficiency, and directly converted fibroblasts into iNs without integrating factors into the genome. Moreover, in vivo transduction of reprogramming factors into the brain with GO-PEI complexes facilitates the production of iNs that alleviated Parkinson's disease symptoms in a mouse model. Thus, the GO-PEI delivery system may be used to safely obtain iNs and could be used to develop direct cell reprogramming-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonbong Baek
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesur Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Choi
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Yoo
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Gui-Yeon Park
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujung Chang
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Park
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongwon Kim
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongpil Kim
- Lab of Stem Cells and Cell Reprogramming, Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21plus Team), Dongguk University, Seoul, 100-715, Republic of Korea
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