Intracystic Papillary Neoplasm of Gallbladder Mimicking Metastatic Malignancy on PET/CT

18 F-FDG PET/CT of Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm in Cystic Neck and Duct

ABSTRACT

We report 18 F-FDG PET/CT appearances of intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) in the gallbladder neck and duct of a 74-year-old woman with a history of hepatitis B cirrhosis. The lesion presented with a large and sessile soft mass in the neck and duct of gallbladder with obvious glucose metabolism on PET/CT images, which was confirmed pathologically as ICPN (gastric foveolar type) with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. ICPN localized in the gallbladder neck and duct is extremely rare, and is easily misdiagnosed as gallbladder carcinoma. Our report aids in the application of PET/CT in the differential diagnosis of ICPN and guiding early surgery.

FDG Avid Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm Mimicking Hepatic Metastasis in a Patient with Head-and-neck Cancer

A 75-year-old male with head-and-neck squamous cell cancer received a staging f-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) scan which showed additional focal abnormal uptake in the right hepatic lobe. The patient was treated for probable metastatic disease. Restaging FDG PET/CT scan revealed resolution of uptake in the head-and-neck and persistent focal uptake in the presumed liver metastasis. An abdominal CT with intravenous contrast revealed an enhancing mass in the gallbladder, without extension into the liver. Cholecystectomy revealed an intracholecystic papillary neoplasm of the gallbladder. The initial appearance of hepatic metastasis was due to a misregistration artifact.

Extensively Invasive Gallbladder Cancer from Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm Treated with Pylorus-Preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy and Extended Cholecystectomy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Background

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) is a rare tumor first classified by the World Health Organization in 2010. ICPN is a counterpart of the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. Previous reports on ICPN are limited; thus, the diagnosis, surgical intervention, and prognosis are controversial. Here, we report an extensively invasive gallbladder cancer arising in ICPN treated with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) and extended cholecystectomy. Case Presentation. A 75-year-old man presented to another hospital with jaundice for 1 month. Laboratory findings showed elevated total bilirubin, 10.6 mg/dL and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, 54.8 U/mL. Computed tomography showed a well-enhanced tumor located in the distal bile duct and dilated hepatic bile duct. The gallbladder wall was thickened and homogeneously enhanced. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a filling defect in the distal common bile duct, and intraductal ultrasonography showed a papillary tumor in the common bile duct, indicating tumor invasion of the bile duct subserosa. Subsequent bile duct brush cytology revealed adenocarcinoma. The patient was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment and underwent an open PPPD. Intraoperative findings showed a thickened and indurated gallbladder wall, suggesting concurrent gallbladder cancer; thus, the patient subsequently underwent PPPD and extended cholecystectomy. Histopathological findings confirmed gallbladder carcinoma originating from ICPN, which extensively invaded the liver, common bile duct, and pancreas. The patient started adjuvant chemotherapy (tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil) 1 month after surgery and had no recurrence at follow-up after 1 year.

Conclusions

Accurate preoperative diagnosis of ICPN, including the extent of tumor invasion is challenging. To ensure complete curability, the development of an optimal surgical strategy considering preoperative examinations and intraoperative findings is essential.

Intracystic papillary neoplasm of the gallbladder concomitant with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: a case report

BACKGROUND

The intracystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) is a newly established disease concept. It has been regarded as a preinvasive neoplastic lesion, similar to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas. Limited information is available on the clinical and imaging features of ICPN.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 65-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for assessment of a gallbladder tumor. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a papillary tumor in the fundus of the gallbladder with irregular thickening of the gallbladder wall that spread into the cystic duct. The boundary between the tumor and liver was unclear. The patient was diagnosed with gallbladder cancer with liver invasion. We performed extended cholecystectomy with liver bed resection after confirming the absence of cancer cells in the resection margin of the cystic duct. After pathological examination, the tumor was diagnosed as an ICPN with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 8 with no complications.

CONCLUSIONS

We have described a rare case of ICPN concomitant with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Clinicians should include ICPN as a differential diagnosis in patients with a papillary or polypoid tumor in the gallbladder.