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Chen K, Zhu S, Tang Y, Lan F, Liu Z. Advances in balance training to prevent falls in stroke patients: a scoping review. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1167954. [PMID: 38375467 PMCID: PMC10875131 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1167954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To summarize the status and characteristics of the available evidence, research gaps, and future research priorities for preventing falls in stroke patients through balance training. Methods We used a scoping review framework. A systematic search of PUBMED, Embase, and Cochrane databases for main articles was conducted. Our study only included articles that on balance training and fall-related indicators in stroke patients. Two researchers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of demographic, clinical characteristics, intervention, sample, and outcome indicators were extracted. The characteristics and limitations of the included literature were comprehensively analyzed. Results Of the 1,058 studies, 31 were included. The methods of balance training include regular balance training, Tai Chi, Yoga, task balance training, visual balance training, multisensory training, aquatic balance training, perturbation-based balance training, cognitive balance training, system-based balance training, and robot-assisted balance training. The commonly used outcome measures include clinical balance test, such as Berg balance scale (BBS), Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUG), Fall Risk Index assessment (FRI), Fall Efficacy Scale score (FES), and instrumented balance tests. Conclusion This scoping review summarizes the existing primary research on preventing falls in stroke patients by balance training. Based on the summary of the existing evidence, the characteristics of balance training and their relation to falls in stroke patients were found. The future researches should explore how to develop personalized training program, the sound combination of various balance training, to more effectively prevent falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyi Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yidan Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuxia Lan
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuoyan Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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García-Muñoz C, González-García P, Casuso-Holgado MJ, Martínez-Calderón J, Heredia-Rizo AM. Are movement-based mindful exercises (QIGONG, TAI CHI, AND YOGA) beneficial for stroke and Parkinson's disease? A scoping review. Complement Ther Med 2023; 72:102912. [PMID: 36565791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize evidence from systematic reviews on the effects of qigong, tai chi, and yoga in people with neurological diseases. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Library until September 2022. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. A qualitative synthesis of included reviews and meta-analyses was performed. Citation matrices and the corrected covered area were used to explore the overlap of randomized controlled trials among reviews. RESULTS Nineteen systematic reviews (containing 74 trials and 80 meta-analyses) in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) or stroke were included. The critical domains of the AMSTAR 2 were not satisfied in more than half of the reviews, and only 4 evaluated the certainty of the evidence. The overlap was very high (21.7%) and high (11%) for tai chi studies in PD and stroke, respectively. In people with PD, qigong, yoga, and tai chi can improve balance, with tai chi being beneficial to increase functional mobility. For stroke patients, tai chi was better than controls to enhance motor function and independence, but not for health-related quality of life and quality of sleep. Findings on balance, walking ability and depression were inconclusive in stroke population. CONCLUSIONS Qigong, tai chi, and yoga appear to be effective to improve balance performance in people with PD. Tai chi practice enhances motor function and independency in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina García-Muñoz
- Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Cádiz, Avda. Ana de Viya 52, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula González-García
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Sevilla, Spain..
| | - María Jesús Casuso-Holgado
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Calderón
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/ Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain; Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, Spirituality (UMSS) Research Group, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Effect and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine Exercise Therapy on Stroke Recovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:5507186. [PMID: 36865742 PMCID: PMC9974248 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5507186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is currently the second largest contributor to disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in developing countries, and it is the third largest contributor to DALYs in developed countries. It requires a large number of resources from the health care system every year, which places a great burden on society, families, and individuals. The treatment of traditional Chinese medicine exercise therapy (TCMET) during stroke recovery has become a hot topic of current research due to its few adverse events and high efficiency. This article sorts out the latest progress of TCMET on the recovery of stroke through the review method and explores its role and mechanism based on existing clinical and experimental studies. TCMET treatment of stroke recovery mainly includes Tai Chi, Baduanjin, Daoyin, Yi Jin Jing, five-fowl play, and six-character tips, which can effectively improve motor function, balance and coordination ability, cognitive dysfunction, nerve function, depression or emotional state, daily living ability, and so on after stroke. The mechanisms of stroke treated by TCMET are discussed, and deficiencies in the literature are discussed and analyzed. It is hoped that some guiding suggestions will be provided for future clinical treatment and experimental studies.
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Using Mirror Therapy to Optimize the Efficacy of Balance Programs for Older Adults With Poststroke Balance Impairment. Rehabil Nurs 2022; 47:202-209. [PMID: 36210496 DOI: 10.1097/rnj.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Poststroke rehabilitation is an inevitable element of the treatment for stroke survivors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of balance training with mirror therapy in older adults with poststroke balance impairment. DESIGN/METHODS The study adopted a two-arm randomized clinical trial and included 38 older adults with poststroke balance impairment. The intervention group received balance exercises with mirror therapy, whereas the control group received the same balance exercises without mirror therapy (a nonreflective plate was used instead). The patient outcome, the balance score, was measured using the Berg Balance Scale. Analysis of covariance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Results showed that balance exercises combined with mirror therapy were significantly more effective than balance exercises without mirror therapy in improving balance in the stroke survivors (p < .001). CONCLUSION Mirror therapy combined with regular balance exercises is an effective and practical method for enhancing balance in older adults suffering from balance impairment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Balance training combined with containing mirror therapy may be included in the rehabilitation programs of older adults with poststroke balance impairment.
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Stroke Survivors' Personal Efficacy Beliefs and Outcome Expectations of Tai Chi Exercise: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413001. [PMID: 34948610 PMCID: PMC8701141 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prior qualitative research conducted among stroke survivors to explore the potential benefits and challenges of participating in tai chi exercise during stroke recovery is limited to those without depression. A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Social Cognitive Theory and Complex Systems Biology provided the theoretical framework, with focus group interview data collected from stroke survivors after participation in a tai chi intervention. Due to COVID-19, the focus group interview was conducted via online video conferencing. Content analysis of the de-identified transcript was conducted with a-priori codes based on the theoretical framework and inductive codes that were added during the analysis process. Lincoln and Guba's criteria were followed to ensure trustworthiness of the data. Community-dwelling stroke survivors (n = 7) participating in the focus group interviews were on average 68 years old, mainly retired (71%, n = 5), married women (57%, n = 4) with >13 years education (86%, n = 6). The three major themes were: personal efficacy beliefs, tai chi intervention active ingredients, and outcome expectations. Social Cognitive Theory underscored stroke survivors' personal efficacy beliefs, behavior, and outcome expectations, while Complex Systems Biology highlighted the active ingredients of the tai chi intervention they experienced. Participation in the 8-week tai chi intervention led to perceived physical, mental, and social benefits post stroke.
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The Feasibility of Tai Chi Exercise as a Beneficial Mind-Body Intervention in a Group of Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors with Symptoms of Depression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8600443. [PMID: 34765010 PMCID: PMC8577891 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8600443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Depression is prevalent among one-third to two-thirds of acute and chronic stroke survivors. Despite the availability of pharmacotherapies and/or psychotherapies, depression persists, even for 5–10 years after stroke, reflecting limited treatment responses and/or adherence to this conventional care. Mind-body interventions are commonly used among adults to ameliorate depressive symptoms. Thus, the feasibility of Tai Chi, alongside conventional care, to manage poststroke depression was investigated using a single-group pre-post intervention design. Recruitment and retention, intervention adherence, safety, acceptability, and fidelity were assessed. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using standardized questionnaires, objective sleep was assessed via a research-grade triaxial accelerometer, and blood samples were taken to measure oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and a neurotrophic growth factor using commercially available kits per manufacturer's protocol. Pre-post intervention changes were assessed using paired t-tests. We enrolled stroke survivors (N = 11, mean age = 69.7 ± 9.3) reporting depression symptoms. After the intervention, we observed significant reductions in symptoms of depression (−5.3 ± 5.9, p=0.01), anxiety (−2.2 ± 2.4, p=0.01), and stress (−4.6 ± 4.8, p=0.01), along with better sleep efficiency (+1.8 ± 1.8, p=0.01), less wakefulness after sleep onset (−9.3 ± 11.6, p=0.04), and less time awake (−9.3 ± 11.6, p=0.04). There was a 36% decrease in oxidative stress (p=0.02), though no significant changes in the other biomarkers were found (all p values >0.05). Tai Chi exercise is a feasible intervention that can be used alongside conventional care to manage poststroke depression, aid in reducing symptoms of anxiety and stress, and improve sleep.
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Chau JPC, Lo SHS, Zhao J, Choi KC, Lam SKY, Saran R, Shi J, Thompson DR, Lau AYL. Validation of a translated Chinese version of the Participation Strategies Self-Efficacy Scale: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2021; 44:5277-5283. [PMID: 34061687 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1933220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Participation Strategies Self-Efficacy Scale (PS-SES) among stroke survivors. METHODS The PS-SES was translated into Chinese. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 336 stroke survivors recruited from the neurology departments of five hospitals in China. Reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity of the scale were determined. RESULTS The Chinese version of the PS-SES (PS-SES-C) showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, with a Cronbach's α of 0.98 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.79. There was a moderate to strong positive correlation between the PS-SES-C and Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (r = 0.59, p < .001), positive correlations between the PS-SES-C and Chinese versions of the Modified Barthel Index (r = 0.59, p < .001), Rivermead Mobility Index (r = 0.70, p < .001), and Reintegration to Normal Living Index (r = 0.70, p < .001), and a negative correlation between the PS-SES-C and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (r = -0.63, p < .001). Known-group validity and factorial validity were also supported. CONCLUSIONS The PS-SES-C is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing self-efficacy in managing the participation of Chinese stroke survivors.Implications for rehabilitationSelf-efficacy significantly predicts activity and participation in stroke survivors and is a major outcome measure in many stroke rehabilitation programmes.The translated Chinese version of the Participation Strategies Self-efficacy Scale is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate stroke survivors' self-efficacy in managing participation.The Chinese version of the Participation Strategies Self-efficacy Scale can be used to assess stroke recovery among the Chinese population in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Pak Chun Chau
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Suzanne Hoi Shan Lo
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Zhao
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kai Chow Choi
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Kwun Yu Lam
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ravneet Saran
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Jinping Shi
- The Second People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming City, Yunnan, China
| | - David R Thompson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Alexander Yuk Lun Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Song R, Park M, Jang T, Oh J, Sohn MK. Effects of a Tai Chi-Based Stroke Rehabilitation Program on Symptom Clusters, Physical and Cognitive Functions, and Quality of Life: A Randomized Feasibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105453. [PMID: 34065178 PMCID: PMC8160714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stroke survivors suffer from disease-associated symptoms. Tai Chi can be a beneficial approach to provide an adapted form of intervention to manage their symptoms. The study aimed to determine the effects of a Tai Chi-based stroke rehabilitation program on symptom clusters, physical and cognitive functions, and stroke-specific quality of life among stroke survivors in Korea. Thirty-four stroke survivors were randomly assigned to receive either the Tai Chi-based program or the stroke-symptom management program. The feasibility of the program and its effects on the outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Repeated measures ANOVA showed that most symptoms improved in both groups during the 6-month period, but swallowing-related symptoms improved significantly in the Tai Chi group. Based on the interaction effect, Tai Chi was more effective on flexor muscle strength, ambulation, and activities of daily living and cognitive function over 6 months than their counterparts. Among SS-QOL dimensions, the Tai Chi group showed significant improvements in the thinking and self-care dimensions. The Tai Chi-based stroke rehabilitation program was feasible and safely applicable to stroke survivors in the community settings. This program could improve symptoms, physical and cognitive function, leading to improvements in the self-care dimension of the SS-QOL among stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhayun Song
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (R.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Moonkyoung Park
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (R.S.); (J.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-580-8325
| | - Taejeong Jang
- College of Nursing, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea;
| | - Jiwon Oh
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (R.S.); (J.O.)
| | - Min Kyun Sohn
- College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
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Tai Chi exercise improves age-associated decline in cerebrovascular function: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 33957879 PMCID: PMC8101197 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tai Chi exercise has been reported to enhance physical and mental health in the older adults; however, the mechanism remains elusive. Trial design We recruited 289 older adults practicing Tai Chi for over 3 years, together with 277 age-matched older and 102 young adults as controls. 168 Tai Chi practitioners were successfully matched to 168 older controls aged 60–69 based on a propensity score for statistics. Methods Cerebrovascular function was evaluated by measuring the hemodynamics of the carotid artery. Spearman correlation was performed to validate the age-associated physiological parameters. Results Cerebrovascular function in older adults significantly degenerated compared with the young, and was substantially correlated with age. Compared with the older control group, Tai Chi practitioners showed significant improvements in CVHI (cerebral vascular hemodynamics indices) Score (P = 0.002), mean blood flow velocity (P = 0.014), maximal blood flow velocity (P = 0.04) and minimum blood flow velocity (P < 0.001), whereas the age-related increases in pulse wave velocity (P = 0.022), characteristic impedance (P = 0.021) and peripheral resistance (P = 0.044) were lowered. Conclusions These data demonstrate a rejuvenation role of Tai Chi in improving the age-related decline of the cerebrovascular function. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900025187)
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The Influences of Tai Chi on Balance Function and Exercise Capacity among Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6636847. [PMID: 33708256 PMCID: PMC7932789 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6636847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the influences of Tai Chi on the balance function and exercise capacity among stroke patients. Methods Databases including PubMed, Embase, WOS (Web of Science), the Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wanfang Data, VIP (VIP database), and CBM (China Biology Medicine disc) were retrieved to gather the figures of randomized controlled trials on the balance function and exercise capacity among stroke patients. Then relevant data were input and analyzed in Review Manager 5.3. Results Nineteen papers were included and analyzed in this study. According to the combined effect size, the balance function of stroke patients improved significantly: the Berg Balance Function Scale score [MD = 7.67, 95% CI (3.44, 11.90)]; standing and walking test scores [MD = 3.42, 95% CI (4.22, −2.63)]; gravity swing area [MD = 0.79, 95% CI (1.48, 0.10)]; and gravity swing speed [MD = −5.43, 95% CI (−7.79, 3.08)]. In addition, the exercise capacity improved significantly as well: the FMA (Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale) scale score [MD = 4.15, 95% CI (1.68, 6.63)]. There are no significant influences or changes of other related results. Conclusions Stroke patients are able to improve their balance functions and exercise capacities prominently when they do Tai Chi exercise once or twice a week and ≥5 times/week and >30 ≤ 60 min/time.
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The Specific and Nonspecific Effects of Tai Chi and Its Possible Central Responses: A Protocol of Neuroimaging Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8883460. [PMID: 33680067 PMCID: PMC7910056 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8883460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tai Chi has been proven to be a safe and effective assistant therapy for healthcare and disease treatment. However, whether the adjuvant therapeutic effect of Tai Chi is general or disease-oriented remains uncertain. This trial focuses on exploring the specific and nonspecific effects of Tai Chi and its potential central responses. The results will deepen our understanding of the characteristics of Tai Chi exercise for adjuvant therapeutic effects and promote its application in the clinic. In this neuroimaging trial, 40 functional constipation (FC) patients and 40 healthy subjects (HS) will be recruited and will receive 10 weeks of Tai Chi exercise. The motor function, respiratory function, stool-related symptoms, quality of life, and emotional state of the participants will be evaluated at the baseline, the 5-week Tai Chi practice, and the end of practice. The potential changes in the heart rate variability and the cerebral function will be recorded by the 24 h dynamic electrocardiogram at the baseline and the functional magnetic resonance imaging at the end of practice. The possible correlations among the clinical variables, the heart rate variability, and the cerebral activity alterations in FC patients and HS will be analyzed. The healthcare and therapeutic effects of Tai Chi exercise might consist of the specific and nonspecific effects. This study provides not only a new perspective for understanding Tai Chi but also a new approach for investigating the mind-body exercise. This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33243) on 28 November 2018 (registration number: ChiCTR1800019781; protocol version number: V1.0). This trial is currently in the stage of recruiting patients. The first patient was included on 1 December 2018. To date, 18 FC patients and 20 HS have been included. Recruitment will be completed in December 2020.
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Effects of Body Weight Support-Tai Chi Footwork Training on Balance Control and Walking Function in Stroke Survivors with Hemiplegia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:9218078. [PMID: 33414842 PMCID: PMC7769631 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9218078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Tai Chi (TC) is known to enhance balance control and walking function in stroke survivors. However, motor disorders in stroke patients may limit the implementation of TC exercise and increase the risk of falling. The body weight support (BWS) device can provide protection during the early rehabilitation of stroke survivors using an overhead suspension system. Theoretically, combining TC with BWS may be an effective intervention for stroke survivors. This study aimed to examine the effects of body weight support-Tai Chi training on balance control and walking function in stroke survivors with hemiplegia. Methods Seventy-one stroke survivors with hemiplegia aged 30-75 years were randomly allocated to the control group (N = 35) or the BWS-TC group (N = 36). During BWS-TC training, the subjects performed 7 Tai Chi footwork forms, and gradual easy-to-difficult progression (from 40% to 0% body weight) was followed. The subjects participated in 40 min rehabilitation sessions three times per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was dynamic balance in the limits-of-stability test. The secondary outcomes, which reflect improvements walking function, included spatiotemporal parameters, the joint range of motion in the affected limb during the swing phase, the Berg Balance Scale score, and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment score. Evaluations were performed at baseline and 12 weeks and compared between groups. Results After training, significant between-group differences were observed in the scores for overall, forward, left, right, forward-left, and forward-right directional control in the limits-of-stability test (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the scores for gait cycle time, step length, step velocity, and range of motion of the joints were better in the BWS-TC group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The 12-week BWS-TC training may enhance dynamic balance and walking function in stroke survivors with hemiplegia.
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Luo Z, Chen Y, Wang L, Chi W, Cheng X, Zhu X. The effect of Tai Chi on the quality of life in the elderly patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23509. [PMID: 33285761 PMCID: PMC7717820 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading fast starting late 2019. As their cardiopulmonary and immune functions gradually decline, elderly people are prone to COVID-19. Tai Chi has a positive impact on heart function, blood pressure, lung function, blood circulation, and so on, and it's suitable for the elderly. Quality of life (QoL)can reflect of individuals' physical and mental health, it can also reflects their ability to participate in society. This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the current evidence that Tai Chi improve the QoL in the elderly patients recovering from COVID-19. METHODS We will search PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, Clinical Trials and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The complete process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and meta-analyses. Endnote X9.3 will be used to manage data screening. The statistical analysis will be completed by Stata/SE 15.1 software. RESULTS This proposed study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tai Chi for the improvement of QoL in elderly COVID-19 patients during the recovery period. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this study will provide evidence to prove the safety and effectiveness of Tai Chi on elderly COVID-19 patients during the recovery period. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol will not evaluate individual patient information or infringe patient rights and therefore does not require ethical approval. REGISTRATION PEROSPERO CRD42020206875.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Luo
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina
| | - Ying Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Lina Wang
- Laboratory of Statistics and Measurement, Beijing Sport University, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Chi
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina
| | | | - Xiangyu Zhu
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina
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Abstract
Tai chi is an ancient Chinese internal martial art that has increased in popularity across the United States over the past 2 decades. Tai chi combines gentle physical movement, mental imagery, and natural, relaxed breathing. There is increasing scientific evidence showing the impact of tai chi exercise on multifaceted areas of health and well-being, including positive effects on cognition, depression, anxiety, sleep, cardiovascular health, and fall prevention. A review of the health benefits of tai chi exercise is presented, as well as recommendations for nurses seeking to answer patient questions about tai chi.
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Kamieniarz A, Milert A, Grzybowska-Ganszczyk D, Opara J, Juras G. Tai Chi and Qi Gong therapies as a complementary treatment in Parkinson's disease - a systematic review. Complement Ther Med 2020; 56:102589. [PMID: 33197664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kamieniarz
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Agata Milert
- Dept. Physiotherapy, Academy of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Józef Opara
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Juras
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Luo XC, Zhou J, Zhang YG, Liu YY, Li JJ, Zheng Z, Tong F, Feng F. Effects of Tai Chi Yunshou on upper limb function and balance in stroke survivors: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21040. [PMID: 32702844 PMCID: PMC7373622 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional disability is the most common disorder that occurs after stroke and seriously affects the quality of life of stroke survivors. Tai Chi Yunshou (TCY), a fundamental form of Tai Chi, is a simple, convenient, and economical exercise therapy from ancient China. Some clinical trials have reported that it improves upper limb function and balance during stroke rehabilitation. Thus, we plan to conduct a systematic review to investigate the effects of TCY in stroke survivors. METHODS This review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. We will search English and Chinese databases for randomized controlled trials on TCY for stroke survivors from the dates when the databases were established to 1 July 2020. The English databases will include MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (embase.com), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library). In addition, the Chinese databases will include the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, the Wanfang database, and the Chinese Dissertation Database. The primary outcomes will include upper limb function and balance function, as measured by the Fugl-Meyer assessment and Berg balance scale, respectively. Two reviewers will independently screen the studies on the basis of the inclusion criteria and extract data. Review Manager (v5.3) will be used for data synthesis, and Cochrane Collaboration's tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. A fixed effects model or a random effects model will be selected based on the level of heterogeneity. The grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation system will be used to evaluate the quality of the outcomes. RESULTS This systematic review results will be carried out after the completion of the protocol. CONCLUSIONS This protocol aims to guide a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effects of JCY on upper limb function and body balance in stroke survivors, which will provide evidence for post-stroke rehabilitation training. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020169549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chao Luo
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jin Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yong-Gang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Yao-Yao Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhen Zheng
- Physical Education School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Tong
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Fen Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Stroke Survivors' Feelings and Perceptions of Their Recovery After a Tai Chi Exercise Intervention: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2020; 35:468-474. [PMID: 32251038 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most tai chi studies conducted among stroke survivors have focused on physical functioning, whereas inclusion of stroke survivors' feelings and perceptions of participating in tai chi is lacking. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify stroke survivors' feelings and perceptions of participating in a tai chi intervention during their poststroke recovery. METHODS This qualitative descriptive study examined stories from community-dwelling stroke survivors, collected as part of a larger randomized clinical trial. To examine these stories, an inductive content analysis approach was used with a priori theoretical codes (and subcodes): (1) Feelings (confidence, enjoy, hopeful, helpful, other) and (2) Perceptions of Impact (physical abilities, mental/cognitive abilities, challenges, other). Lincoln and Guba's criteria were followed to ensure trustworthiness of the study findings. RESULTS Participants (n = 17) were on average 71 years old (range, 54-87 years), mainly men (65%), and had the option of writing their own story or having someone write it for them. Stories from these stroke survivors revealed feelings of confidence (n = 4), enjoyment (n = 7), hope (n = 1), and helpfulness (n = 15). Perceptions of the impact of tai chi on their poststroke recovery process identified improved physical abilities (n = 23), better mental/cognitive abilities (n = 12), moving forward (n = 7), and developing friendships (n = 4), with few challenges (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS Using storytelling, healthcare providers can discuss the benefits of tai chi and then relate the feelings and perceptions of other stroke survivors' experiences to encourage engagement in regular physical activity to aid in the poststroke recovery process.
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