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Kuusisto N, Abushahba F, Syrjänen S, Huumonen S, Vallittu P, Närhi T. Zirconia implants interfere with the evaluation of peri-implant bone defects in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images even with artifact reduction, a pilot study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230252. [PMID: 37641961 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging can be considered, especially in patients with complicated peri-implantitis (PI). Artifacts induced by dense materials are the drawback of CBCT imaging and the peri-implant bone condition may not be assessed reliably because the artifacts are present in the same area. This pilot study investigates the performance of the artifact reduction algorithm (ARA) of the Planmeca Viso G7 CBCT device (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland) with three different implant materials and imaging parameters. METHODS Three pairs of dental implants consisting of titanium, zirconia, and fiber reinforced composite (FRC) were set into a pig mandible. A vertical defect simulating peri-implantitis bone loss was made on the buccal side of one of each implant. The defect was identified and measured by two observers and compared to the actual dimensions. In addition, the bone structure and the marginal cortex visibility between the implants were estimated visually. RESULTS The bone defect and its dimensions with the zirconia implant could not be identified in any image with or without the metal artifact reduction algorithm. The bone defect of titanium and FRC implants were identified with all three imaging parameters or even without ARA. The interobserver agreement between the two observers was almost perfect for all categories analyzed. CONCLUSION Peri-implantitis defect of the zirconia implant and the peri-implant bone structure of the zirconia implants cannot be recognized reliably with any ARA levels, or any imaging parameters used with the Planmeca Viso G7. The need for ARA when imaging the peri-implant bone condition of the titanium and FRC implants may be unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Kuusisto
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
| | - Faleh Abushahba
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sisko Huumonen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Wang T, Matinlinna JP, Burrow MF, Ahmed KE. The biocompatibility of glass-fibre reinforced composites (GFRCs) - a systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 65:273-283. [PMID: 34421062 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have received considerable attention, owing to their potential use in dental prostheses or bone fracture fixation applications. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze and report the biological properties of FRCs reported in the existing literature.Study selections A systematic search of four databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library) was performed to identify all relevant studies published between 1962 and 2019. The search was limited to laboratory-based studies published in English. Citation mining was also performed through cross-referencing of included studies and hand searching of relevant journals.Results A total of 1283 potentially relevant articles were initially identified, and thirty-three articles were full-text screened. In the final ten studies included for review, four investigated bacterial adhesion and growth abilities on FRCs, four investigated the fibroblastic cytotoxicity of different surface-treated FRCs, and two investigated the osseointegration between bone and FRCs. Owing to the heterogeneity of fiber types, FRC-coating, and lack of standardized testing protocols, a meta-analysis was not feasible. The included studies indicated that glass fibers, and in particular E-glass fibers, are superior to ceramics and other FRCs in terms of bacterial adherence, fibroblast cytotoxicity, and cell viability.Conclusions Glass-fiber-reinforced composites are cytocompatible materials that possess satisfactory biological properties and can be used in dental prosthesis and craniofacial implants. Further research is necessary to regulate the matrix ion release/degradation of FRCs to prolong the initially demonstrated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jukka Pekka Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Khaled Elsayed Ahmed
- Prosthodontics Discipline, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Wang T, Matinlinna JP, Burrow MF, Ahmed KE. The biocompatibility of glass-fibre reinforced composites (GFRCs) - a systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2021. [PMID: 33612662 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d20_00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have received considerable attention, owing to their potential use in dental prostheses or bone fracture fixation applications. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze and report the biological properties of FRCs reported in the existing literature. STUDY SELECTIONS A systematic search of four databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library) was performed to identify all relevant studies published between 1962 and 2019. The search was limited to laboratory-based studies published in English. Citation mining was also performed through cross-referencing of included studies and hand searching of relevant journals. RESULTS A total of 1283 potentially relevant articles were initially identified, and thirty-three articles were full-text screened. In the final ten studies included for review, four investigated bacterial adhesion and growth abilities on FRCs, four investigated the fibroblastic cytotoxicity of different surface-treated FRCs, and two investigated the osseointegration between bone and FRCs. Owing to the heterogeneity of fiber types, FRC-coating, and lack of standardized testing protocols, a meta-analysis was not feasible. The included studies indicated that glass fibers, and in particular E-glass fibers, are superior to ceramics and other FRCs in terms of bacterial adherence, fibroblast cytotoxicity, and cell viability. CONCLUSIONS Glass-fiber-reinforced composites are cytocompatible materials that possess satisfactory biological properties and can be used in dental prosthesis and craniofacial implants. Further research is necessary to regulate the matrix ion release/degradation of FRCs to prolong the initially demonstrated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jukka Pekka Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Khaled Elsayed Ahmed
- Prosthodontics Discipline, School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast
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Rehabilitation of Edentulous Jaws with Full-Arch Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses: An Approach with Short and Ultrashort Implants and Metal-Free Materials. Case Rep Dent 2020; 2020:8890833. [PMID: 32774940 PMCID: PMC7396035 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8890833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Short implants represent a valid alternative to bone regeneration techniques. In addition, metal-free prosthetic materials have several advantages for predictable rehabilitation. This case report is aimed at illustrating the advantages of fixed implant-prosthetic rehabilitation on short and ultrashort implants and metal-free prosthetic materials. Case report. A 66-year-old male patient with bone atrophy was treated with temporary denture placement performed based on a rapid protocol. Once the tissues after extractions matured and aesthetic/function was studied, short implants were prosthetically placed, and a fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) bar was digitally designed for a double full-arch fixed rehabilitation. The 2-year follow-up showed the absence of peri-implantitis signs and a stable occlusal relationship of prostheses. Discussion and conclusions. The FRC material has excellent aesthetic properties and is low cost with a simplified and fast workflow owing to digital dentistry methods. Further studies are still needed to confirm the effectiveness of long-term therapy; however, the combination of new minimally invasive surgery and prosthetic advances seems to be very promising.
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Rajak DK, Pagar DD, Menezes PL, Linul E. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1667. [PMID: 31614875 PMCID: PMC6835861 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Composites have been found to be the most promising and discerning material available in this century. Presently, composites reinforced with fibers of synthetic or natural materials are gaining more importance as demands for lightweight materials with high strength for specific applications are growing in the market. Fiber-reinforced polymer composite offers not only high strength to weight ratio, but also reveals exceptional properties such as high durability; stiffness; damping property; flexural strength; and resistance to corrosion, wear, impact, and fire. These wide ranges of diverse features have led composite materials to find applications in mechanical, construction, aerospace, automobile, biomedical, marine, and many other manufacturing industries. Performance of composite materials predominantly depends on their constituent elements and manufacturing techniques, therefore, functional properties of various fibers available worldwide, their classifications, and the manufacturing techniques used to fabricate the composite materials need to be studied in order to figure out the optimized characteristic of the material for the desired application. An overview of a diverse range of fibers, their properties, functionality, classification, and various fiber composite manufacturing techniques is presented to discover the optimized fiber-reinforced composite material for significant applications. Their exceptional performance in the numerous fields of applications have made fiber-reinforced composite materials a promising alternative over solitary metals or alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipen Kumar Rajak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sandip Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Nashik 422212, India.
- Department of Mining Machinery Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, India.
| | - Durgesh D Pagar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. K. Wagh Institute of Engineering Education & Research, Nashik 422003, India.
| | - Pradeep L Menezes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Emanoil Linul
- Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Politehnica University of Timisoara, 300 222 Timisoara, Romania.
- National Institute of Research for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300 569 Timisoara, Romania.
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Liu Z, Yu Z, Chang H, Wang Y, Xiang H, Zhang X, Yu B. Strontium‑containing α‑calcium sulfate hemihydrate promotes bone repair via the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3555-3564. [PMID: 31432182 PMCID: PMC6755234 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes have been widely used for bone repair, augmentation and reconstruction in bone implant surgery. While some of these substitutes have shown excellent biological efficacy, there remains a need to improve the performance of the current calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes. Strontium ions (Sr) can promote new osteogenesis, inhibit osteoclast formation and increase osteoconductivity. However, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of strontium-containing α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (Sr-CaS) remains unclear. The present study created bone injuries in rats and treated the injuries with Sr-CaS. Then Cell Counting Kit-8, soft agar colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell and Alizarin Red staining assays were performed to assess the bone cells for their proliferation, growth, apoptosis, invasion, and osteogenic differentiation abilities. The bone reconstructive states were measured by the microCT method, hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. Bone-related factors were analyzed by the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assay; transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2/3 and β-catenin expression was measured by western blot analysis and osteocalcin (OCN) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Sr-CaS did not significantly affect the proliferation and apoptosis of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), but did accelerate the migration and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Sr-CaS promoted bone repair and significantly increased the values for bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular thickness, but decreased trabecular spacing in vivo in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, Sr-CaS dramatically upregulated the expression levels of genes associated with osteogenic differentiation (Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, ALP, OCN and bone sialoprotein) both in vitro and in vivo. Sr-CaS also increased Smad2/3, TGF-β and phosphorylated-β-catenin protein expression in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated that materials that contain 5 or 10% Sr can improve bone defects by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zewei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xianrong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Scribante A, Vallittu PK, Özcan M, Lassila LVJ, Gandini P, Sfondrini MF. Travel beyond Clinical Uses of Fiber Reinforced Composites (FRCs) in Dentistry: A Review of Past Employments, Present Applications, and Future Perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1498901. [PMID: 30426003 PMCID: PMC6217899 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1498901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The reinforcement of resins with short or long fibers has multiple applications in various engineering and biomedical fields. The use of fiber reinforced composites (FRCs) in dentistry has been described in the literature from more than 40 years. In vitro studies evaluated mechanical properties such as flexural strength, fatigue resistance, fracture strength, layer thickness, bacterial adhesion, bonding characteristics with long fibers, woven fibers, and FRC posts. Also, multiple clinical applications such as replacement of missing teeth by resin-bonded adhesive fixed dental prostheses of various kinds, reinforcement elements of dentures or pontics, and direct construction of posts and cores have been investigated. In orthodontics, FRCs have been used also for active and passive orthodontic applications, such as anchorage units, en-masse movement units, and postorthodontic tooth retention. FRCs have been extensively tested in the literature, but today the advances in new technologies involving the introduction of nanofillers or new fibers along with understanding the design principles of FRC devices open new fields of research for these materials both in vitro and in vivo. The present review describes past and present applications of FRCs and introduces some future perspectives on the use of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Pekka K. Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- City of Turku, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- University of Zurich, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Dental Materials Unit, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lippo V. J. Lassila
- Department of Biomaterial Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre (TCBC), Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Paola Gandini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Sfondrini
- Unit of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
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Dahl KA, Moritz N, Vallittu PK. Flexural and torsional properties of a glass fiber-reinforced composite diaphyseal bone model with multidirectional fiber orientation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 87:143-147. [PMID: 30071484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although widely used, metallic implants have certain drawbacks in reconstructive bone surgery. Their high stiffness in respect to cortical bone can lead to complications which include periprosthetic fractures and aseptic loosening. In contrast to metallic alloys, fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) composed of a thermoset polymer matrix reinforced with continuous E-glass fibers have elastic properties matching those of bone. We investigated the mechanical properties of straight FRC tubes and FRC bone models representing the diaphysis of rabbit femur prepared from glass fiber/bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) - triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) composite in three-point bending and torsion. Three groups of straight FRC tubes with different fiber orientations were mechanically tested to determine the best design for the FRC bone model. Tube 1 consisted most axially oriented unidirectional fiber roving and fewest bidirectional fiber sleevings. Fiber composition of tube 3 was the opposite. Tube 2 had moderate composition of both fiber types. Tube 2 resisted highest stresses in the mechanical tests and its fiber composition was selected for the FRC bone model. FRC bone model specimens were then prepared and the mechanical properties were compared with those of cadaver rabbit femora. In three-point bending, FRC bone models resisted 39-54% higher maximum load than rabbit femora with similar flexural stiffness. In torsion, FRC bone models resisted 31% higher maximum torque (p < 0.001) and were 38% more rigid (p = 0.001) than rabbit femora. Glass fiber-reinforced composites have good biocompatibility and from a biomechanical perspective, they could be used even in reconstruction of segmental diaphyseal defects. Development of an implant applicable for clinical use requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalle A Dahl
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Biocity, Turku Biomaterials Research Program, Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Itäinen pitkäkatu 4 B(2nd floor), 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Niko Moritz
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Biocity, Turku Biomaterials Research Program, Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Itäinen pitkäkatu 4 B(2nd floor), 20520 Turku, Finland; Biomedical Engineering Research Group, Turku Biomaterials Research Program, Finland
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Biocity, Turku Biomaterials Research Program, Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Itäinen pitkäkatu 4 B(2nd floor), 20520 Turku, Finland; City of Turku Welfare Division, Finland
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Chan YH, Lew WZ, Lu E, Loretz T, Lu L, Lin CT, Feng SW. An evaluation of the biocompatibility and osseointegration of novel glass fiber reinforced composite implants: In vitro and in vivo studies. Dent Mater 2018; 34:470-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Cutaneous wound healing using polymeric surgical dressings based on chitosan, sodium hyaluronate and resveratrol. A preclinical experimental study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 163:155-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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