Rare Location of Castleman Disease in the Temporal Region

Rare Location of Castleman's Disease in the Temporal Region: A Case Report Involving a Young Korean Woman and Review of the Literature

Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Histopathologically, it is divided into three types: hyaline-vascular, plasma cellular, and multicentric CD. The mass usually presents asymptomatically; however, it can cause non-specific symptoms such as fever and fatigue. Although CD can be found wherever lymph nodes are present, 75% of cases are reported in the mediastinum, and occurrence in the head and neck is rare. Herein, we report a rare case of CD presenting as a superficial mass in the temporal region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of temporal CD in Korea involving a young patient.

Hyaline-vascular castleman disease: a rare cause of solitary subcutaneous soft tissue mass

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that primarily affects mediastinal, retroperitoneal, and cervical lymph nodes. Clinically, these lesions occur as a localized (unicentric) or less frequently as a systemic (multicentric) disease. Two main distinct histologic variants are recognized, the more common hyaline-vascular (HV) type and the plasma cell (PC) type. Extranodal Castleman disease, HV type (HVCD) is even less common. We describe a case of subcutaneous HVCD in a 57-year-old woman with a palpable chest mass and without systemic symptoms. Although the histologic findings are similar to those of HVCD in lymph nodes and other sites, a plethora of differential diagnosis is raised particularly with the more commonly occurring lymphoproliferative lesions in this location. This is one of the few bona fide cases of HVCD in subcutaneous location published to date. A review of the literature with an emphasis on pathogenesis of the disease subtypes is presented.