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Bresson D, Hudelist B, Gaudioso P, Moya-Plana A, Herman P, Idriceanu T, Nicolai P, Ferrari M. Side-door temporoparietal fascia flap: First experience with a novel technique for anterior skull base reconstruction. Head Neck 2024; 46:772-784. [PMID: 38192046 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern achievements in transnasal endoscopic skull base (SB) surgery have led to complex resections that render reconstruction a challenge. Temporoparietal fascia flap (TPFF) is a suitable option for SB reconstruction. The side-door TPFF technique for anterior SB reconstruction is described here for the first time in a real-life surgical setting. METHODS Patients affected by a SB malignancy who underwent cranioendoscopic resection were included. For reconstruction, a multilayer reconstruction technique including side-door TPFF transposition was employed. RESULTS TPFF transposition was performed in five patients. The TPFF could be easily transposed via a side-door approach. It adequately covered the edges of the defect and supported optimal healing of the surgical site. During follow-up, vitality and integration of the TPFF were assessed endoscopically and radiologically. CONCLUSIONS The TPFF side-door transposition technique is a valuable option in anterior SB reconstruction that can provide fast and effective healing, especially in patients needing adjuvant radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bresson
- Neurosurgery Department, Foch Hospital, Université Paris Saclay, Suresnes, France
| | - Benoit Hudelist
- Neurosurgery Department, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Piergiorgio Gaudioso
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antoine Moya-Plana
- Head and Neck Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Herman
- Otorhinolaryngology and Skull Base Center, AP-HP, Hospital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Tania Idriceanu
- Neurosurgery Department, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Piero Nicolai
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Section of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program International Scholarship, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Carsuzaa F, Verillaud B, Marcy PY, Herman P, Dufour X, Favier V, Thariat J. Interdisciplinary challenges and aims of flap or graft reconstruction surgery of sinonasal cancers: What radiologists and radiation oncologists need to know. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1013801. [PMID: 36203460 PMCID: PMC9530815 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In sinonasal cancer surgery, a fundamental challenge is to understand the postoperative imaging changes after reconstruction. Misinterpretation of post-operative imaging may lead to a misdiagnosis of tumor recurrence. Because radiotherapy planning is based on imaging, there are many gaps in knowledge to be filled in the interpretation of postoperative imaging to properly define radiotherapy tumor volumes in the presence of flaps. On the other hand, radiotherapy may be responsible for tissue fibrosis or atrophy, the anatomy of the reconstructed region and the functional outcomes may change after radiotherapy compared to surgery alone. This narrative review illustrates the interdisciplinary aims and challenges of sinonasal reconstructive surgery using flaps or grafts. It is particularly relevant to radiologists and radiation oncologists, at a time when intensity modulated radiotherapy and proton therapy have the potential to further contribute to reduction of morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Carsuzaa
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- *Correspondence: Florent Carsuzaa,
| | - Benjamin Verillaud
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Marcy
- Department of Radiology, Clinique du Cap d’Or, La Seyne-sur-mer, France
| | - Philippe Herman
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Dufour
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Valentin Favier
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
- Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire UMR6534 IN2P3 ENSICAEN CNRS, Normandy University, Caen, France
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Single Layer and Double Layer Duraplasty for the Management of Persistent Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea Following Frontal Sinus Trauma: A Retrospective Study. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:1886-1889. [PMID: 33587523 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is an infrequent complication of frontal sinus trauma. It often require craniotomy for dural repair and obliteration of sinus with well vascularized pericranial flap. The multilayer vascularized techniques have gained popularity over the years owing to low rate of postoperative CSF leaks. The study retrospectively analyzed 25 frontal sinus trauma patients (20 males, 5 females) of mean age 32 ± 10.23 years with persistent CSF rhinorrhea from January 2011 to December 2018. All patients underwent frontal craniotomy and duraplasty was done with pericranial flap alone in 14 patients (Group I) and in combination with fascia lata graft in 11 patients (Group II). The clinical outcomes of single and double layer dural reconstruction techniques in management of CSF leak were analyzed. The size of defects ranged between 3 to 28 mm. Significant association was present between defect size and reconstruction technique with large defects underwent double layer repair. Two patients developed CSF leak following repair with pericranial flap alone. The rate of successful closure of CSF fistula was 100% with double layer reconstruction technique. However, statistically no significant association was noted between postoperative CSF leak and reconstruction technique. There was no evidence of meningitis, subdural hematoma, intracranial abscess, and mucocele formation in all patients during follow-up of 50.7 ± 23.6 months. To conclude, pericranial flap is a reliable reconstruction material for management of post traumatic frontal sinus CSF leaks. Dual flap technique that combine the use of fascia lata provides comprehensive solution of CSF fistula repair.
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Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, a Narrative Reappraisal of the Current Evidence. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112835. [PMID: 34200193 PMCID: PMC8201377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas are a group of diverse tumors affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. As a direct consequence of their rarity and heterogeneity, diagnosis is challenging, and treatment does not follow universally accepted protocols. Though surgery represents the mainstay of treatment, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have pivotal roles in improving outcomes of patients treated with curative intent. Indications to endoscopic surgery have been expanding over the last three decades, but a considerable number of patients affected by sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma still need open surgical procedures. Management of the neck in patients affected by sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma is controversial. Curative-intended treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic tumors, alongside palliation of uncurable cases, represent poorly explored aspects of this disease. Abstract Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare tumor affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Several aspects of this disease, ranging from epidemiology to biology, pathology, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and post-treatment surveillance are controversial, and consensus on how to manage this sinonasal cancer is lacking. A narrative literature review was performed to summarize the current evidence and provide the reader with available data supporting the decision-making process in patients affected by sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma, alongside the authors’ personal opinion on the unsolved issues of this tumor. The review has highlighted several advances in molecular definition of epithelial cancers of the sinonasal tract. Surgery represents the pivot of treatment and is performed through an endoscopic transnasal approach whenever feasible. Open surgery is required for a large proportion of cases. Reconstruction of the defect follows principles of skull base and cranio-maxillo-facial reconstruction. Chemotherapy is given as neoadjuvant treatment or concomitantly to radiotherapy. Photon-based radiation therapy has a crucial role in the adjuvant setting. Particle therapy is providing promising results. Management of the neck should be planned based on the presence of clinically appreciable metastases, primary tumor extension, and need for recipient vessels. Biotherapy and immunotherapy are still underexplored therapeutical modalities.
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Yong M, Wu YQ, Su S, Hanna E, Prisman E, Thamboo A, Walgama E. The effect of prior radiation on the success of ventral skull base reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck 2021; 43:2795-2806. [PMID: 33973680 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leak after ventral skull base reconstruction is a primary outcome of interest to skull base surgeons. Exposure to pre-operative radiation may put patients at an increased risk of skull base reconstructive failure. A systematic search identified studies which included patients receiving ventral skull base reconstruction in the setting of pre-operative radiation. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was conducted to estimate an odds ratio of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in patients exposed to pre-operative radiation. A meta-analysis of 13 studies demonstrated that the odds ratio of CSF leak was 1.73 (95% CI 0.98-3.05). The majority of studies (77%) used vascularized tissue grafts for reconstruction. We identified an increased incidence of CSF leak among patients undergoing ventral skull base reconstruction after prior radiation therapy, although not of statistical significance. Skull base surgeons should exercise caution when planning reconstruction in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yong
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yu Qi Wu
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shirley Su
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ehab Hanna
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eitan Prisman
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew Thamboo
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evan Walgama
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Gutierrez WR, Bennion DM, Walsh JE, Owen SR. Vascular pedicled flaps for skull base defect reconstruction. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020; 5:1029-1038. [PMID: 33364390 PMCID: PMC7752068 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Techniques for reconstruction of skull base defects have advanced greatly since the introduction of the vascular pedicled nasoseptal flap in 2006. The objective of this review is to assess the current state of the field by examining both intranasal and extranasal techniques of vascular pedicled skull base defect repair, their indications and success rates, and novel techniques that are currently under investigation. METHODS A review of the literature describing the use of vascular pedicled flaps in skull base defect reconstruction was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. RESULTS The nasoseptal flap remains the most widely used vascular pedicled flap for endoscopic repair of skull base defects. Its ease of harvest, wide arch of rotation, and high success rates make it a popular choice among surgeons. Several variations including a "rescue" nasopseptal flap have been developed. Other less commonly used pedicled intranasal flaps include the middle turbinate flap and the posterior pedicled inferior turbinate flap. Additionally, several novel vascular pedicled flaps have been developed and tested in small cohorts of patients. Extranasal flaps such as the pericranial flap and the temporoparietal fascia flap are used less frequently than intranasal flaps. However, they remain valuable options for reconstruction in certain situations. CONCLUSION Advancements continue to be made in the field of skull base defect reconstruction using vascular pedicled flaps. Though the nasoseptal flap remains the most widely utilized option, additional intranasal techniques continue to be developed and tested to optimize surgical outcomes and patient care. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade R. Gutierrez
- Medical Scientist Training ProgramUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Douglas M. Bennion
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Jarrett E. Walsh
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Scott R. Owen
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityIowaUSA
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Dupépé E, Griessenauer CJ, Mortazavi MM, Tubbs RS, Markert J. Temporal-based pericranial flaps for orbitofrontal Dural repair: A technical note and Review of the literature. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY-ADVANCED TECHNIQUES AND CASE MANAGEMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Use of Intraoperative Fluorescent Indocyanine Green Angiography for Real-Time Vascular Evaluation of Pericranial Flaps. Ann Plast Surg 2016; 76:198-204. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ohno K, Tsunoda A, Ariizumi Y, Ohno K, Sumi T, Sugimoto T, Kishimoto S. [Combined Anterior Craniofacial Resection for Locally Advanced Ethmoid Carcinomas]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 118:1037-45. [PMID: 26548097 DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.118.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carcinoma of the ethmoid sinus is very rare, and treatment for locally advanced tumors remains as a formidable challenge to the clinician. We reviewed cases of ethmoid carcinoma in which anterior craniofacial resection had been undertaken and evaluated the safety and validity of the operative methods. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 13 patients with ethmoid carcinoma who underwent combined anterior craniofacial resection. We evaluated the surgical procedures, complications, outcomes, local recurrence, and the survival rate. RESULTS Coronal incision and anterior craniotomy were performed in all cases. Four out of 13 cases underwent ipsilateral orbital exenteration due to involvement of the orbital contents. There were no potentially fatal complications, except for two cases of epidural abscesses which were successfully cured. Positive surgical margins were observed in 6 patients, and they received postoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Local recurrences occurred in 4 cases, and 3 died at 9, 11, and 49 months after the surgery. Distant metastasis was not observed during the observation period. The overall 5-year survival rate was 75.2% (Kaplan-Meier method). CONCLUSION These tumors were safely removed without severe complications and postoperative mortality. Combined anterior craniofacial resection is an effective and safe option for treatment of locally advanced ethmoid carcinomas after various preoperative treatments.
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Hatano T, Motomura H, Ayabe S. Reconstruction Using Locoregional Flaps for Large Skull Base Defects. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2015. [PMID: 26225296 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a modified locoregional flap for the reconstruction of large anterior skull base defects that should be reconstructed with a free flap according to Yano's algorithm. No classification of skull base defects had been proposed for a long time. Yano et al suggested a new classification in 2012. The lb defect of Yano's classification extends horizontally from the cribriform plate to the orbital roof. According to Yano's algorithm for subsequent skull base reconstructive procedures, a lb defect should be reconstructed with a free flap such as an anterolateral thigh free flap or rectus abdominis myocutaneous free flap. However, our modified locoregional flap has also enabled reconstruction of lb defects. In this case series, we used a locoregional flap for lb defects. No major postoperative complications occurred. We present our modified locoregional flap that enables reconstruction of lb defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Hatano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Motomura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinobu Ayabe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yao Tokushukai General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Rawal RB, Ambrose EC, Patel MR, Zanation AM. Advances in Reconstruction of the Skull Base. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-013-0029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yano T, Okazaki M, Tanaka K, Iida H, Aoyagi M, Tsunoda A, Kishimoto S. A new concept for classifying skull base defects for reconstructive surgery. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2013; 73:125-31. [PMID: 23543797 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To classify the defects of the skull base, we present a new concept that is intuitive, simple to use, and consistent with subsequent reconstructive procedures. The centers of defects are determined in the anterior (I) or middle (II) skull base. The defects are classified as localized in the defect's center (Ia, IIa) or extended horizontally (Ib, IIb) or vertically (Ic, IIc) from the defect's center. Accompanying defects of the orbital contents and skin are indicated by "O" and "S," respectively. An algorithm for selecting subsequent reconstructive procedures was based on the classification. Using the new system, we retrospectively reclassified 90 skull base defects and examined how the defect classifications were related to the reconstructive flaps used and postoperative complications. All defects were reclassified with the new system without difficulty or omission. The mean correlation rate was high (88%) between the flaps indicated by the new classification and the flaps that had actually been used. The rate of postoperative complications tended to be higher with Ia, Ic, and IIb defects and combined defects. Our new classification concept can be used to classify defects and to help select flaps used for subsequent reconstructive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Husain Q, Patel SK, Soni RS, Patel AA, Liu JK, Eloy JA. Celebrating the golden anniversary of anterior skull base surgery: reflections on the past 50 years and its historical evolution. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:64-72. [PMID: 23280942 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
With its inception nearly half a century ago through the pioneering work of Dandy, McLean, and Smith, anterior skull base (ASB) surgery is a relatively young discipline. It became a distinct entity in 1963 when Ketcham popularized the combined transcranial transfacial approach for en bloc resection of tumors of the paranasal sinuses extending into the anterior cranial fossa. However, because these procedures resulted in major morbidities and mortalities, alternative modes of treatment were sought. Since the 1970s, the introduction and promotion of the surgical endoscope by Messerklinger, Stammberger, and Kennedy, commenced the era of endoscopic sinus surgery. Thaler and colleagues described the utility of the endoscope for ASB surgery at the turn of the century. This allowed direct visualization and safer, more accurate removal of tumors. In 2001, Casiano reported the first purely endoscopic endonasal ASB resection, a novel technique that has been adopted by major skull base centers. The success of ASB surgery can be attributed to both the development of the skull base team as well as improvements in surgical techniques, instrumentation, and visualization technology. In this article, we review the historical evolution of ASB surgery as we approach the 50th anniversary since its recognition as a distinct entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Husain
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
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