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Localized, time-dependent responses of rat cranial bone to repeated mild traumatic brain injuries. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14175. [PMID: 36050485 PMCID: PMC9437056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is well-established that bone responds dynamically to mechanical loading, the effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) on cranial bone composition are unclear. We hypothesized that repeated mTBI (rmTBI) would change the microstructure of cranial bones, without gross skull fractures. To address this, young adult female Piebald Viral Glaxo rats received sham, 1×, 2× or 3× closed-head mTBIs delivered at 24 h intervals, using a weight-drop device custom-built for reproducible impact. Skull bones were collected at 2 or 10 weeks after the final injury/sham procedure, imaged by micro computed tomography and analyzed at predetermined regions of interest. In the interparietal bone, proximal to the injury site, modest increases in bone thickness were observed at 2 weeks, particularly following 2× and 3× mTBI. By 10 weeks, 2× mTBI induced a robust increase in the volume and thickness of the interparietal bone, alongside a corresponding decrease in the volume of marrow cavities in the diploë region. In contrast, neither parietal nor frontal skull samples were affected by rmTBI. Our findings demonstrate time- and location-dependent effects of rmTBI on cranial bone structure, highlighting a need to consider microstructural alterations to cranial bone when assessing the consequences of rmTBI.
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McColl TJ, Brady RD, Shultz SR, Lovick L, Webster KM, Sun M, McDonald SJ, O'Brien TJ, Semple BD. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescent Mice Alters Skull Bone Properties to Influence a Subsequent Brain Impact at Adulthood: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2018; 9:372. [PMID: 29887828 PMCID: PMC5980957 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are common during adolescence, and limited clinical evidence suggests that a younger age at first exposure to a mTBI may lead to worse long-term outcomes. In this study, we hypothesized that a mTBI during adolescence would predispose toward poorer neurobehavioral and neuropathological outcomes after a subsequent injury at adulthood. Mice received a mild weight drop injury (mTBI) at adolescence (postnatal day 35; P35) and/or at adulthood (P70). Mice were randomized to 6 groups: 'sham' (sham-surgery at P35 only); 'P35' (mTBI at P35 only); 'P35 + sham' (mTBI at P35 + sham at P70); 'sham + P70' (sham at P35 + mTBI at P70); 'sham + sham' (sham at both P35 and P70); or 'P35 + P70' (mTBI at both P35 and P70). Acute apnea and an extended righting reflex time confirmed a mTBI injury at P35 and/or P70. Cognitive, psychosocial, and sensorimotor function was assessed over 1-week post-injury. Injured groups performed similarly to sham controls across all tasks. Immunofluorescence staining at 1 week detected an increase in glial activation markers in Sham + P70 brains only. Strikingly, 63% of Sham + P70 mice exhibited a skull fracture at impact, compared to 13% of P35 + P70 mice. Micro computed tomography of parietal skull bones found that a mTBI at P35 resulted in increased bone volume and strength, which may account for the difference in fracture incidence. In summary, a single mTBI to the adolescent mouse brain did not exacerbate the cerebral effects of a subsequent mTBI in adulthood. However, the head impact at P35 induced significant changes in skull bone structure and integrity. These novel findings support future investigation into the consequences of mTBI on skull bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J McColl
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren Lovick
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kyria M Webster
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mujun Sun
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bridgette D Semple
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wang WX, Jiang N, Wang JW, Kang X, Fu GH, Liu YL. Bone formation in subcutaneous pocket after bone flap preservation. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:473-6. [PMID: 27190610 PMCID: PMC4856239 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Residual periosteum developed periosteal bone formation in the pocket 10 years after cranioplasty, lumpectomy was conducted on the left lower abdomen under local anesthesia. Pathological sections revealed abundant osteocytes and mature bone matrix, and confirmed the bone formation on the residual periosteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery Lianyungang Oriental Hospital Lianyungang 222042 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Nana Jiang
- Graduate School Bengbu Medical College Bengbu 233003 Anhui China
| | - Jian-Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery Lianyungang Oriental Hospital Lianyungang 222042 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xin Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery Lianyungang Oriental Hospital Lianyungang 222042 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Guang-Hui Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery Lianyungang Oriental Hospital Lianyungang 222042 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yu-Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery Lianyungang Oriental Hospital Lianyungang 222042 Jiangsu Province China
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