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Lv Q, Zhang X, Guo K, Hu D, Deng Z. Risk Factors for Pulmonary Infection and Nursing Interventions Post-Tracheostomy in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6691-6701. [PMID: 37854469 PMCID: PMC10581007 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s418894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We analyzed the characteristics and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with spinal cord injury who underwent tracheostomy and propose measures to help in early detection and intervention to reduce mortality and improve prognosis. Methods We collected data retrospectively from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. The inclusion criteria were: Patients aged 18 years or more with a spinal cord injury who underwent tracheostomy, were treated with mechanical ventilation for over 48 hours, and were diagnosed as having a pulmonary infection. Sputum samples were cultured and analyzed. Results 101 cases of pulmonary infection were analyzed, and the incidence was 32.17%. Diabetes (OR 2.302, 95% CI 1.285-3.972), hypoproteinemia (OR 1.992, 95% CI 1.125-3.101), administration of glucocorticoids (OR 2.934, 95% CI 1.412-4.661), ASIA grade A (OR 3.672, 95% CI 1.988-5.046), mechanical ventilation for ≥ 6 days (OR 2.108, 95% CI 1.385-4.751), and length of hospital stay for ≥ 20 days (OR 2.137, 95% CI 1.092-3.842) were risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with spinal cord injury post-tracheostomy. Among 213 pathogenic bacteria, 52 (51.48%) were Gram-negative and 24 (23.76%) were Gram-positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.84%) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.91%) were the most common pathogenic bacteria. The mortality rate of patients with gram-positive infection was higher than that of patients with gram-negative infection. K. pneumoniae and S. aureus were sensitive to cefoperazone, meropenem, and levofloxacin. Conclusion Pulmonary infection is a complication post-tracheostomy in patients with spinal cord injury. Diabetes, hypoproteinemia, administration of glucocorticoids, mechanical ventilation for ≥ 6 days, length of hospital stay for ≥ 20 days were risk factors for pulmonary infection. Pulmonary infection was mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria. Timely and effective measures for managing risk factors are essential for improving the prognosis of pulmonary infection post-tracheostomy in patients with spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lv
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kucun Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dezheng Hu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050051, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuojun Deng
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China
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Hegazy EE, Bahey MG, Abo Hagar AM, Elkholy AA, Mohamed EA. Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: Study of MASTDISCS Combi Carba Plus for Detection of Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacterales. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:6331-6342. [PMID: 36337932 PMCID: PMC9635390 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s385294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria has been proven to be an escalating public health challenge in Egypt owing to its high mortality rate and raised health care costs. Purpose Detection of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli among VAP patients, genotypic identification of carbapenemase genes in the isolated strains with evaluation of their impact on patient outcome and detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales by MASTDISCS combi Carba plus disc system. Methods Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and endotracheal aspirate were collected aseptically from clinically suspected VAP patients. Pathogen identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing were done. Carbapenemase-encoding genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, and blaOXA-48) were tested by PCR in all carbapenem-resistant gram-negative isolates. Performance of MASTDISCS combi Carba plus in isolated Enterobacterales was assessed in relation to the PCR results. Results Eighty-three carbapenem-resistant gram-negative isolates were detected. The most frequent pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa representing 34.9%, 20.5% and 18.1%, respectively. blaKPC was the predominant gene. Patients with persistent mechanical ventilation less than 15 days and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were significantly associated with a higher death rate. MAST-Carba plus had the highest sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for detecting OXA-48 carbapenemases representing 81.8%, 92.5%, 75% and 94.9%, respectively. Conclusion Worse outcome in VAP patients was associated with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli. MASTDISCS combi Carba plus is an efficient simple method for identification of different carbapenemases among enterobacterales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman E Hegazy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt,Correspondence: Eman E Hegazy, Tel +20 10 99008274, Email
| | - Marwa Gamal Bahey
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alaa Mohammed Abo Hagar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa A Mohamed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Arijón IE, Galeiras R, Quiroga LS, Velasco MEF, Pértega Díaz S. Trends in the presentation and management of traumatic spinal cord lesions above T6: 20-Year experience in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:720-727. [PMID: 33443464 PMCID: PMC9542266 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1851857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the changes in demographic and lesion characteristics of persons with acute traumatic spinal cord injury (ATSCI) above T6 over a period of 20 years, and to evaluate their impact on ICU resources use, length of stay and mortality. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, Spain. PARTICIPANTS The study included 241 persons between 1998 and 2017 with an ATSCI above T6. For the purposes of the analysis, the overall study period was divided into three subperiods. RESULTS Both the mean age of the people with ATSCI (49 vs. 51 vs. 57 years; P = 0.046) and the Charlson Comorbidity Index were higher during the last subperiod (mean: 1.9 ± 2.2; P < 0.01). The most frequent cause of the injury was falls, whose percentage increased over the years. The most common classification in the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment scale was grade A. An increase in the score of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score was observed (median: 9 vs. 10 vs. 15; P < 0.01). The length of stay in the ICU has decreased significantly over the years (30 ± 19 vs. 22 ± 14 vs. 19 ± 13 days). No significant differences were found between the rates of ICU or in-hospital mortality recorded over the three subperiods. CONCLUSIONS Despite the progressive increase in the age, comorbidity, and APACHE II, the length of ICU stay decreased significantly, with no associated changes in the mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Esmorís Arijón
- Critical Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain,Correspondence to: Inés Esmorís Arijón Rúa, Dr. Ulises Romero, 1, 27003Lugo, Spain; Ph: +34982296000.
| | - Rita Galeiras
- Critical Care Unit, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Sonia Pértega Díaz
- Research Support Unit, Nursing and Healthcare Research Group, Rheumatology and Health Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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Systematic Review of Incidence Studies of Pneumonia in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010211. [PMID: 35011951 PMCID: PMC8745509 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia continues to complicate the course of spinal cord injury (SCI). Currently, clinicians and policy-makers are faced with only limited numbers of pneumonia incidence in the literature. A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to provide an objective synthesis of the evidence about the incidence of pneumonia in persons with SCI. Incidence was calculated per 100 person-days, and meta-regression was used to evaluate the influence of the clinical setting, the level of injury, the use of mechanical ventilation, the presence of tracheostomy, and dysphagia. For the meta-regression we included 19 studies. The incidence ranged from 0.03 to 7.21 patients with pneumonia per 100 days. The main finding of this review is that we found large heterogeneity in the reporting of the incidence, and we therefore should be cautious with interpreting the results. In the multivariable meta-regression, the incidence rate ratios showed very wide confidence intervals, which does not allow a clear conclusion concerning the risk of pneumonia in the different stages after a SCI. Large longitudinal studies with a standardized reporting on risk factors, pneumonia, and detailed time under observation are needed. Nevertheless, this review showed that pneumonia is still a clinically relevant complication and pneumonia prevention should focus on the ICU setting and patients with complete tetraplegia.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication of mechanical ventilation. We sought to investigate factors associated with the development of VAP in critically ill trauma patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of trauma patients admitted to our trauma intensive care unit between 2016 and 2018. Patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia were identified from the trauma database. Data collected from the trauma database included demographics (age, gender and race), mechanism of injury (blunt, penetrating), injury severity (injury severity score "ISS"), the presence of VAP, transfused blood products and presenting vital signs. RESULTS A total of 1403 patients were admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (TICU) during the study period; of these, 45 had ventilator-associated pneumonia. Patients with VAP were older (p = 0.030), and they had a higher incidence of massive transfusion (p = 0.015) and received more packed cells in the first 24 h of admission (p = 0.028). They had a higher incidence of face injury (p = 0.001), injury to sternum (p = 0.011) and injury to spine (p = 0.024). Patients with VAP also had a higher incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) (p < 0.001) and had a longer ICU (p < 0.001) and hospital length of stay (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression models controlling for age and injury severity (ISS) showed massive transfusion (p = 0.017), AKI (p < 0.001), injury to face (p < 0.001), injury to sternum (p = 0.007), injury to spine (p = 0.047) and ICU length of stay (p < 0.001) to be independent predictors of VAP. CONCLUSIONS Among critically ill trauma patients, acute kidney injury, injury to the spine, face or sternum, massive transfusion and intensive care unit length of stay were associated with VAP.
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Zhao JL, Lai ST, Du ZY, Xu J, Sun YR, Yuan Q, Wu X, Li ZQ, Hu J, Xie R. Circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio at admission predicts the long-term outcome in acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury patients. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:548. [PMID: 32799840 PMCID: PMC7429795 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) for the outcome of acute cervical traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) patients has rarely been studied by now throughout the world. Methods We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study to evaluate the prognostic value of NLR from peripheral whole blood count in patients with acute cervical tSCI. Patients within 6 h of acute cervical tSCI treated between Dec 2008 and May 2018 in Huashan Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled. Outcomes of patients with tSCI were assessed using American spinal injury association Impairment Scale (AIS). 6-month outcomes were dichotomized into poor outcome group (AIS A to C) and good outcome group (AIS D and E). Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the independent predictors of 6-month outcome. Two prediction models based on admission characteristics were built to evaluate the prognostic value of NLR. The discriminative ability of predictive models was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). Results A total of 377 patients were identified from our single center in China PR. Multivariate analysis showed that age, AIS grade at admission, NLR (p < 0.001) and coagulopathy (p = 0.003) were independent predictors of the 6-months outcome for acute cervical tSCI patients. The model combing NLR and standard variables (AUC = 0.944; 95% CI, 0.923–0.964) showed a more favorable prognostic value than that without NLR (AUC = 0.841; 95% CI, 0.798–0.885) in terms of 6-month outcome. Conclusions NLR is firstly identified as an independent predictor of the 6-month outcome in acute cervical tSCI patients worldwide. The prognostic value of NLR is favorable, and a high NLR is associated with poor outcome in patients with acute cervical tSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Lan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Song-Tao Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yi-Rui Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.
| | - Rong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China. .,Shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, 12 Wulumuqi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.
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Wu D, Wu C, Zhang S, Zhong Y. Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically III Patients. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:482. [PMID: 31143118 PMCID: PMC6521332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), a hospital acquired pneumonia that occurs more than 48 h after mechanical ventilation, is a common complication of mechanical ventilation with a high mortality rate. VAP can cause patients to have difficulty weaning off the ventilator and to stay in the hospital longer, which results in a huge financial burden to patients and a huge demand for medical resources. Several strategies, such as drugs including chlorhexidine, β-lactam antibiotics and probiotics, have been used to prevent VAP in clinic. The incidence and the mortality rate of VAP have been decreased with the development of preventative strategies in the past decades, but VAP remains one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections and death in the intensive care unit. Current challenges in the management of VAP involved the lack of a gold standard for diagnosis, the absence of effective preventative strategies, and the rise in antibiotic resistance. Therefore, in order to reduce the incidence of VAP and improve the outcome of patients with mechanical ventilation, it is necessary to clarify the risk factors of VAP for clinical prevention and control of VAP. This paper reviews the international risk factors of VAP occurrence reported in recent years, including patient characteristics, increased mechanical ventilation time and prolonged length of hospital stay, disorders of consciousness, burns, comorbidities, prior antibiotic therapy, invasive operations, gene polymorphisms, and mentions the corresponding preventive measures. Each factor is not only an independent risk factor of VAP, but also has an influence on each other. A better understanding of risk factors for VAP is helpful for predicting the occurrence of VAP, improving the prevention and control of VAP, and reducing the morbidity and mortality rates of patients with VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diling Wu
- ICU Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenfang Wu
- ICU Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siye Zhang
- ICU Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjun Zhong
- ICU Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Liu X, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang W, Yu Y, Chen S, Ao H. Association Between Infection and Thrombosis After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Cohort Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018; 33:1610-1616. [PMID: 30808554 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surgery-related infection remains a major complication for patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and its association with thrombosis is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association of postoperative infection with thrombosis and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCEs) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. Multiple variable regression analyses were performed. SETTING The study was performed at a single institution. PARTICIPANTS All patients underwent CABG. INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Perioperative and postoperative follow-up data relating to all CABG patients from January 2001 to August 2006 were queried from institutional electronic medical records of Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they experienced infection. The study population comprised 75 patients who experienced infection and 2,926 control patients. Primary outcomes were a composite outcome of perioperative thrombosis and long-term thrombosis-related complications. Secondary outcomes were 5-year MACCEs postoperatively, including death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke. Risk factors for infection included older age, higher level of creatinine, chronic lung disease, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, history of renal failure, cardiopulmonary bypass, left ventricular assist device or intra-aortic balloon pump, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and duration of tracheal intubation. Infection increased the odds of perioperative thrombosis by 5.132-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.040-12.911; p < 0.0001) compared with control. However, infection was not associated with a significant increase in MACCEs (hazard ratio 1.855, 95% CI 0.929-3.704; p = 0.080). Age was associated with a significant increase in MACCEs (hazard ratio 1.040, 95% CI 1.026-1.054; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION There is an association between postoperative infection and perioperative thrombosis after CABG. Several specific management modalities were associated with controlling infection risk, which offers targets for future quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sudena Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nangchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sipeng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hushan Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Coagulation Profile as a Risk Factor for 30-day Morbidity Following Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018; 43:239-247. [PMID: 28658042 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000002301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the ability of abnormal coagulation profile to predict adverse events following posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA PCLF is an increasingly common procedure used to treat a variety of traumatic and degenerative spinal conditions. Abnormal coagulation profile is associated with postoperative adverse events, including blood transfusion. There is a paucity of literature that specifically addresses the relationship between coagulation profile and complications following PCLF. METHODS ACS-NSQIP was utilized to identify patients undergoing PCLF between 2006 and 2013. A total of 3546 patients met inclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis was utilized to identify associations between abnormal coagulation profile and postoperative complications. RESULTS Membership in the low-platelet cohort was an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction (Odds Ratio (OR) = 5.4 [1.0, 29.1], P = 0.049) and bleeding transfusion (OR = 2.0 [1.2, 3.4], P = 0.011). Membership in the high international normalized ratio group was an independent risk factor for pneumonia (OR = 6.3 [2.5, 16.1], P < 0.001), ventilation >48 hours (OR = 6.5 [2.3, 18.4], P < 0.001), organ space surgical site infection (OR = 11.1 [2.1, 57.3], P = 0.004), urinary tract infection (OR = 3.0 [1.2, 8.0], P = 0.024), bleeding transfusion (OR = 6.0 [3.4, 10.7], P < 0.001), sepsis (OR = 5.1 [1.6, 16.4], P = 0.006), and septic shock (OR = 6.8 [1.7, 27.4], P = 0.007). Membership in the bleeding disorders cohort was an independent predictor of unplanned intubation (OR = 3.2 [1.1, 9.5], P = 0.041), pneumonia (OR = 2.9 [1.2, 7.2], P = 0.023), ventilation >48 hours (OR = 4.8 [1.9, 12.4], P = 0.001), cerebrovascular accident/stroke with neurological deficit (OR = 24.8 [2.9, 210.6], P = 0.003), bleeding transfusion (OR = 2.1 [1.1, 4.1], P = 0.032), reoperation (OR = 3.6 [1.4, 9.3], P = 0.008), and sepsis (OR = 3.4 [1.1, 10.4], P = 0.031). CONCLUSION This is the first large study to document abnormal coagulation profile as an independent predictor of outcomes following PCLF. Abnormal coagulation profile represents a predictor of complications that can be medically mitigated, and is therefore a valuable parameter to assess preoperatively. Coagulation profile should continue to play a role in targeting patients for risk stratification, preoperative optimization, and quality improvement initiatives. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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Presentation Coagulopathy and Persistent Acidosis Predict Complications in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients. J Orthop Trauma 2017; 31:617-623. [PMID: 28827507 DOI: 10.1097/bot.0000000000000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the ability of measures of coagulopathy and acidosis to predict complications. We hypothesize that increased coagulopathy and acidosis over the first 60 hours of hospitalization will result in increased rates of infection and mortality. DESIGN Prospective, observational. SETTING Level 1 trauma center. PATIENTS Three hundred seventy-six skeletally mature patients with an Injury Severity Score greater than 16, who were surgically treated for high-energy fractures of the femur, pelvic ring, acetabulum, and/or spine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Data included measures of acidosis, pH, lactate, and base excess, and measures of coagulopathy, Prothrombin (PT), Partial Throunboplastin Time (PTT), International Normalized Ratio (INR), and platelets. Complications including pneumonia, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, infection, organ failure, acute renal failure, sepsis, and death were documented. RESULTS Acidosis was common on presentation (88.8%) and decreased over 48 hours (50.4%). Incidence of coagulopathy increased over 48 hours (16.3%-34.3%). Coagulopathy on presentation was associated with complications (54.0% vs. 27.7%) including pneumonia, acute renal failure, multiple organ failure, infection, sepsis, and death. Acidosis was associated with complications if it persisted later in the hospital course. CONCLUSION Coagulopathy on presentation is a stronger predictor of complications, sepsis, and death than acidosis. During the first 48 hours, unresolved acidosis increased the risk of complications and sepsis. Complications were most related to higher Injury Severity Score. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Coagulation Profile as a Risk Factor for 30-Day Morbidity and Mortality Following Posterior Lumbar Fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:950-957. [PMID: 27755500 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify associations between abnormal coagulation profile and postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion (PLF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The literature suggests that abnormal coagulation profile is associated with postoperative complications, notably the need for blood transfusion. However, there is little research that directly addresses the influence of coagulation profile on postoperative complications following PLF. METHODS The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (ACS-NSQIP) was utilized to identify patients undergoing PLF between 2006 and 2013. Nine thousand two hundred ninety-five patients met inclusion criteria. Multivariate analysis was utilized to identify associations between abnormal coagulation profile and postoperative complications. RESULTS Low platelet count was an independent risk factor for organ space surgical site infections (SSIs) [odds ratio (OR) = 6.0, P < 0.001], ventilation >48 hours (OR = 4.5, P = 0.002), Acute renal failure (OR = 5.8, P = 0.007), transfusion (OR = 1.6, P < 0.001), sepsis (OR = 2.2, P = 0.037), reoperation (OR = 2.5, P = 0.001), and death (OR = 3.7, P = 0.049). High partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was an independent risk factor for ventilation >48 hours (OR = 5.6, P = 0.002), cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/stroke with neurological deficit (OR = 5.1, P = 0.011), cardiac arrest (OR = 5.4, P = 0.030), transfusion (OR = 1.5, P = 0.020), and death (OR = 4.5, P = 0.050). High International Normalized Ration (INR) was an independent risk factor for pneumonia (OR = 8.7, P = 0.001), pulmonary embolism (OR = 5.6, P = 0.021), deep venous thrombosis/Thrombophlebitis (OR = 4.8, P = 0.011), septic shock (OR = 8.4, P = 0.048), and death (OR = 9.8, P = 0.034). Bleeding disorder was an independent risk factor for organ space SSI (OR = 5.4, P = 0.01), pneumonia (OR = 3.0, P = 0.023), and sepsis (OR = 4.4, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Abnormal coagulation profile was an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing PLF. As such, it should be considered in preoperative optimization and risk stratification.
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Early Coagulopathy is Associated With Increased Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Events Among Burn Patients. Shock 2017; 47:107-110. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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What's New in Shock, May 2016? Shock 2016; 45:471-4. [PMID: 27082160 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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