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Nakagawa M, Nakajima M, Inoue N, Takise S, Kikuchi M, Kubo T, Muroi H, Morita S, Nakamura T, Kojima K. Segmental cervical esophagectomy with free jejunal flap reconstruction for cervical esophageal cancer in patients with previous history of gastric surgery: a report of two cases. Clin J Gastroenterol 2023:10.1007/s12328-023-01804-y. [PMID: 37165274 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Although free-flap jejunal reconstruction is frequently performed after cervical esophagectomy for cervical esophageal cancer, the procedure after gastric surgery has not been reported. We encountered two patients with esophageal cancer and previous gastric surgeries who eventually underwent segmental esophagectomy with free-flap jejunal reconstruction. Case one involved a 75-year-old man who underwent abdominal abscess and duodenal ulcer perforation surgeries (abdominal drainage and subsequent gastrojejunal bypass). A type 0-IIa tumor was located posterior to the cervical esophagus's right wall, 21 cm from the incisor, without lymph node swelling or distant metastasis. The left lobe of the thyroid gland was mobilized to ensure an oral resection margin. Severe abdominal adhesions required careful adhesiolysis to harvest the jejunum (20 cm long) 40 cm from the jejunojejunostomy. An end-to-side and side-to-end esophagojejunostomy were performed for the proximal and distal ends, respectively. Case two involved a 75-year-old male with a history of distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction for early gastric cancer. A submucosal tumor-like lesion was located on the cervical esophageal wall on the left side, 21 cm from the incisor. The distal esophagus required additional segmental resection because the anal resection line was close to the tumor. Jejunum (10 cm long) 30 cm from Ligament of Treitz was harvested. An end-to-side and end-to-end esophagojejunostomy for the proximal and distal ends, respectively, was performed. This surgery requires a thorough preoperative examination to ensure an adequate surgical margin and a careful free-flap harvest based on post-gastric surgery anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Nakajima
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Noboru Inoue
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takise
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Maiko Kikuchi
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kubo
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Hiroto Muroi
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Shinji Morita
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakamura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu-Machi, Shimotsuga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
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Sakai M, Saeki H, Sohda M, Korematsu M, Miyata H, Murakami D, Baba Y, Ishii R, Okamoto H, Shibata T, Shirabe K, Toh Y, Shiotani A. Primary tracheobronchial necrosis after esophagectomy: A nationwide multicenter retrospective study in Japan. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2023; 7:236-246. [DOI: doi.org/10.1002/ags3.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundThe clinical features of postoperative primary tracheobronchial necrosis (P‐TBN; the necrosis without anastomotic leakage or other cervical and mediastinal abscess) remains unclear. This nationwide multicenter retrospective study first investigated the clinical features of P‐TBN after esophagectomy for upper aerodigestive tract cancer with a large cohort.MethodsAs a study of the Japan Broncho‐Esophagological Society, a nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted in 67 institutions. The clinical data of 6370 patients who underwent esophagectomy for laryngeal, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2019 were collected. Grades of P‐TBN were defined as follows: Grade 1, mucosal necrosis; Grade 2, transmural bronchial wall necrosis without fistula or perforation; Grade 3, transmural bronchial wall necrosis with fistula or perforation.ResultsP‐TBN was observed in 48 (0.75%) of 6370 patients. The incidences of P‐TBN for pharyngo‐laryngo‐cervical esophagectomy (PLCE; n = 1650), total pharyngo‐laryngo‐esophagectomy (TPLE; n = 205), and subtotal esophagectomy (SE; n = 4515) were 2.0%, 5.4%, and 0.1%, respectively. The upper mediastinal LN dissection (P = 0.016) and the higher level of the tracheal resection (P = 0.039) were significantly associated with a higher grade of necrosis in PLCE and TPLE. Overall survival rates were significantly lower in patients with Grade 2 (P = 0.009) and Grade 3 (P = 0.004) than in those with Grade 1.ConclusionThe incidence of TBN restricted to P‐TBN was lower than previously reported. Maintaining the tracheal blood flow is essential to prevent worsening P‐TBN, especially in PLCE and TPLE. Our new P‐TBN severity grade may predict the outcome of patients with P‐TBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine Gunma University Maebashi Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine Gunma University Maebashi Japan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine Gunma University Maebashi Japan
| | - Mizuki Korematsu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Osaka International Cancer Institute Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Digestive Surgery Osaka International Cancer Institute Osaka Japan
| | - Daizo Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shibata
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center/Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery Oita University Hospital Yufu Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Maebashi Japan
| | - Yasushi Toh
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center Fukuoka Japan
| | - Akihiro Shiotani
- Department of Otolaryngology‐ Head and Neck Surgery National Defense Medical College Saitama Japan
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Wang K, He X, Wu D, Wang K, Li Y, Wang W, Hu X, Lei K, Tan B, Liang R, Cai Q, Wang M. The comparison of manual and mechanical anastomosis after total pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1041396. [PMID: 36923420 PMCID: PMC10010104 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1041396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Total pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy (TPLE) is considered as a curative treatment for hypopharynx cancer and cervical esophageal carcinomas (HPCECs). Traditional pharyngo-gastric anastomosis is usually performed manually, and postoperative complications are common. The aim of this study was to introduce a new technique for mechanical anastomosis and to evaluate perioperative outcomes and prognosis. Methods From May 1995 to Nov 2021, a series of 75 consecutive patients who received TPLE for a pathological diagnosis of HPCECs at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital were evaluated. Mechanical anastomosis was performed in 28 cases and manual anastomosis was performed in 47 cases. The data from these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results The mean age was 57.6 years, and 20% of the patients were female. The rate of anastomotic fistula and wound infection in the mechanical group were significantly lower than that in the manual group. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stays were significantly higher in the manual group than that in the mechanical group. The R0 resection rate and the tumor characteristics were not significantly different between groups. There was no significant difference in overall survival and disease-free survival between the two groups. Conclusion The mechanical anastomosis technology adopted by this study was shown to be a safer and more effective procedure with similar survival comparable to that of manual anastomosis for the HPCECs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duoguang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuquan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghua Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruihao Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Oncological outcomes of cervical esophageal cancer treated primarily with surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:373-390. [PMID: 35969248 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the oncological outcomes of cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) treated primarily with surgery. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A total of 868 patients were included from 18 studies. Estimated pooled Overall Survival (OS) rates (95% Confidence Interval, CI) at 1 and 5 years were 74.4% (66.5-83.3), and 26.6% (20.3-34.7), respectively. Larynx non-preserving surgery (n = 229) showed an estimated pooled OS rates (95% CI) at 1 and 5 years of 59.3% (51.5-68.2) and 14.6% (8.8-24.3), respectively. On the other hand, larynx preserving surgery (n = 213) showed an estimated pooled OS rates (95% CI) at 1 and 5 years of 83.6% (78.2-89.4) and 35.1% (24.9-49.6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Primary larynx-preserving surgery remains a valuable option for the management of CEC, with similar survival outcomes compared to primary chemoradiotherapy (CRT). On the other hand, larynx non-preserving surgery showed a significantly reduced survival, that may reflect the more advanced T classification of these tumors. Further studies are mandatory to directly compare primary surgery and primary CRT, distinguishing larynx preserving and non-preserving surgery.
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Muir D, Antonowicz S, Whiting J, Low D, Maynard N. Implementation of the Esophagectomy Complication Consensus Group definitions: the benefits of speaking the same language. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35:6603615. [PMID: 35673848 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In 2015 the Esophagectomy Complication Consensus Group (ECCG) reported consensus definitions for complications after esophagectomy. This aimed to reduce variation in complication reporting, attributed to heterogeneous definitions. This systematic review aimed to describe the implementation of this definition set, including the effect on complication frequency and variation. A systematic literature review was performed, identifying all observational and randomized studies reporting complication frequencies after esophagectomy since the ECCG publication. Recruitment periods before and subsequent to the index ECCG publication date were included. Coefficients of variance were calculated to assess outcome heterogeneity. Of 144 studies which met inclusion criteria, 70 (48.6%) used ECCG definitions. The median number of separately reported complication types was five per study; only one study reported all ECCG complications. The coefficients of variance of the reported frequencies of eight of the 10 most common complications were reduced in studies which used the ECCG definitions compared with those that did not (P = 0.036). Among ECCG studies, the frequencies of postoperative pneumothorax, reintubation, and pulmonary emboli were significantly reduced in 2020-2021, compared with 2015-2019 (P = 0.006, 0.034, and 0.037 respectively). The ECCG definition set has reduced variation in esophagectomy morbidity reporting. This adds greater confidence to the observed gradual improvement in outcomes with time, and its ongoing use and wider dissemination should be encouraged. However, only a handful of outcomes are widely reported, and only rarely is it used in its entirety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Muir
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Antonowicz
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jack Whiting
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Donald Low
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nick Maynard
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
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Sakai M, Saeki H, Sohda M, Korematsu M, Miyata H, Murakami D, Baba Y, Ishii R, Okamoto H, Shibata T, Shirabe K, Toh Y, Shiotani A. Primary tracheobronchial necrosis after esophagectomy: A nationwide multicenter retrospective study in Japan. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2022; 7:236-246. [PMID: 36998306 PMCID: PMC10043765 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical features of postoperative primary tracheobronchial necrosis (P-TBN; the necrosis without anastomotic leakage or other cervical and mediastinal abscess) remains unclear. This nationwide multicenter retrospective study first investigated the clinical features of P-TBN after esophagectomy for upper aerodigestive tract cancer with a large cohort. Methods As a study of the Japan Broncho-Esophagological Society, a nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted in 67 institutions. The clinical data of 6370 patients who underwent esophagectomy for laryngeal, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2019 were collected. Grades of P-TBN were defined as follows: Grade 1, mucosal necrosis; Grade 2, transmural bronchial wall necrosis without fistula or perforation; Grade 3, transmural bronchial wall necrosis with fistula or perforation. Results P-TBN was observed in 48 (0.75%) of 6370 patients. The incidences of P-TBN for pharyngo-laryngo-cervical esophagectomy (PLCE; n = 1650), total pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy (TPLE; n = 205), and subtotal esophagectomy (SE; n = 4515) were 2.0%, 5.4%, and 0.1%, respectively. The upper mediastinal LN dissection (P = 0.016) and the higher level of the tracheal resection (P = 0.039) were significantly associated with a higher grade of necrosis in PLCE and TPLE. Overall survival rates were significantly lower in patients with Grade 2 (P = 0.009) and Grade 3 (P = 0.004) than in those with Grade 1. Conclusion The incidence of TBN restricted to P-TBN was lower than previously reported. Maintaining the tracheal blood flow is essential to prevent worsening P-TBN, especially in PLCE and TPLE. Our new P-TBN severity grade may predict the outcome of patients with P-TBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of MedicineGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of MedicineGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan
| | - Makoto Sohda
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of MedicineGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan
| | - Mizuki Korematsu
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Digestive SurgeryOsaka International Cancer InstituteOsakaJapan
| | - Daizo Murakami
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan
| | - Tomotaka Shibata
- Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center/Gastroenterological and Pediatric SurgeryOita University HospitalYufuJapan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical ScienceGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Yasushi Toh
- National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer CenterFukuokaJapan
| | - Akihiro Shiotani
- Department of Otolaryngology‐ Head and Neck SurgeryNational Defense Medical CollegeSaitamaJapan
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Hou J, Yang Y, Gao H, Ouyang T, Liu Q, Ding R, Kan H. Systematic investigation of the clinical significance and prognostic value of the CBXs in esophageal cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30888. [PMID: 36221371 PMCID: PMC9542684 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (ESCA), one of the most aggressive malignant tumors, has been announced to be the ninth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Chromobox family members (CBXs) are important epigenetic regulators which are related with the transcription of target genes. The role of CBXs in carcinomas has been reported in many studies. However, the function and prognostic value of different CBXs in ESCA are still largely unknown. In this article, we first performed differential expression analysis through several methods including Oncomine and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. The results led us to determine the differential expression of CBXs in pan-cancer, especially ESCA. Then we evaluated the prognostic value of different CBX messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in patients with ESCA through the Kaplan-Meier plotter and the Human Protein Atlas database. In addition, we used cBioPortal to explore all genetic alterations and mutations in the CBXs in ESCA. Simultaneously, the correlation between its expression and the level of immune infiltration of ESCA was visualized by TIMER. Finally, the biological function of CBXs in ESCA is obtained through Biological Enrichment Analysis including gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. The expression levels of CBX3/4/5 and CBX8 in ESCA tissues increased significantly and the expression level of CBX7 decreased through differential expression analysis. Additionally, CBX1 is significantly related to the clinical cancer stage and disease-free survival of ESCA patients. The high mRNA expression of CBX4 is related to the short overall survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and the high mRNA expression of CBX3/7/8 is related to the short overall survival of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, indicating that CBX1/3/4/7/8 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for the survival of ESCA patients. Besides, the expression of CBXs is significantly related to the infiltration of a variety of immune cells, including six types of CD4-positive T-lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, bursindependentlymphocyte, CD8-positive T-lymphocytes cells and dendritic cells in ESCA. Moreover, we found that CBXs are mainly associated with the inhibition of cell cycle and apoptosis pathway. Further, enrichment analysis indicated that CBXs and correlated genes were enriched in mismatch repair, DNA replication, cancer pathways, and spliceosomes. Our research may provide new insights into the choice of prognosis biomarkers of the CBXs in ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxing Kan, School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (e-mail: ) and Yinfeng Yang, School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (e-mail: )
| | - Honglei Gao
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ran Ding
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hongxing Kan
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxing Kan, School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (e-mail: ) and Yinfeng Yang, School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China (e-mail: )
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Zhang C, Hu LW, Qiang Y, Cong ZZ, Zheng C, Gu WF, Luo C, Xie K, Shen Y. Home enteral nutrition for patients with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:895422. [PMID: 35967793 PMCID: PMC9366554 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.895422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Home enteral nutrition (HEN) is a relatively new nutritional intervention that provides patients with EN support at home through jejunostomy or nasogastric feeding tubes. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the safety and effect of HEN compared with normal oral diet (NOD) in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer (EC). Methods EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were used to search articles in English-language journals. The intervention effect was expressed using risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcome measures, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The chi-square test and I-square test were used to test heterogeneity among studies. Results Four studies were eventually included in this meta-analysis. Compared with NOD, HEN has a favorable impact on postoperative body mass index (BMI) (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.09–1.30, P = 0.02), lean body mass (LBM) (WMD = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.04–1.48, P = 0.04), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (WMD = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.02–0.58, P = 0.03). Physical function (WMD = 9.26, 95% CI: 8.00–10.53, P < 0.001), role function (WMD = 9.96, 95% CI: 8.11–11.82, P < 0.001), and social function (WMD = 8.51, 95% CI: 3.48–13.54, P = 0.001) of the HEN group were better than those of the NOD group at 3 months, and HEN could reduce the fatigue of patients (WMD = −12.73, 95% CI: −14.8 to −10.66, P < 0.001) and the incidence of postoperative pneumonia (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34–0.81, P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in albumin between HEN and NOD groups (WMD = 0.05, 95% CI: −0.03 to 0.13, P = 0.20). Conclusion HEN improved nutritional status and quality of life (QOL) in postoperative patients with EC and reduced fatigue and the incidence of postoperative pneumonia. All in all, the results of our meta-analysis support the use of HEN after esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Qiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Cong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Feng Gu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Hu J, Chen Z, Lv J, Zheng Z, Bei Y, Chen X, Zheng L, Song W, Xu Y. The Application of Nimotuzumab Combined With Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Toward the Treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:905422. [PMID: 35898885 PMCID: PMC9310542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.905422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of nimotuzumab in combination with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted from September 2012 to February 2017 among 50 locoregional-advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC) patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) combined with or without nimotuzumab at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) was administrated on all patients. All patients were divided into two groups, of which 26 (Group A) received 200 mg (22 of 50) or 400 mg (4 of 50) of nimotuzumab per week with CRT and 24 (Group B) received definitive CRT. Results The median follow-up time was 23 months. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 40.6 and 21.1 months for all, respectively. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates on the whole were 79.6%, 62.1%, and 47.8%. There was no statistical difference in overall response rate and disease control rate between the two groups. Patients treated with nimotuzumab (group A) had better PFS than the definitive CRT group (group B) (P < 0.05). However, the median OS was 41.4 months in group A and 32.4 months in group B, respectively (P = 0.517). Multivariate analysis showed that PFS among those with lower Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score (HR = 5.11; P < 0.01), stage II (HR = 9.52; P < 0.01) and the application of nimotuzumab combined with CRT (HR = 0.16; P < 0.01) was much longer. Furthermore, ECOG, stage, C-reactive protein (CRP) baseline, and histological grade can also be used as independent predictors of OS. Grade >3 adverse reactions were not observed. The most common adverse event related to nimotuzumab was mild fever and the occurrence rate was 19% (5 of 26). The incidence of anemia was 65.4% in group A and 87.5% in group B (P < 0.05). Conclusions For locoregional-advanced CEC, nimotuzumab combined with IMRT and concomitant chemotherapy was tolerated and effective. In addition, patients with a normal pretherapeutic serum CRP level (CRP < 10 mg/L) can achieve better OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiaming Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhen Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanping Bei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjie Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yunbao Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
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10
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Erichsen SB, Slater J, Kiil BJ, Petersen TI, Katballe N, Nielsen MB, Pikelis A, Nordsmark M, Kjaer D. Oncological results and morbidity following intended curative resection and free jejunal graft reconstruction of cervical esophageal cancer: a retrospective Danish consecutive cohort study. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35:6324874. [PMID: 34286828 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of surgery in treatment of locally advanced cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) remains debated. In the European and American treatment guidelines, definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is preferred over surgery, while in the Danish guidelines, the two treatment modalities are equally recommended. Surgical treatment of CEC is centralized at our center in Denmark. We present our outcomes following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) when possible and resection as first-line therapy for CEC and compare with recent published dCRT results. METHOD We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients treated for cervical esophageal cancer at Aarhus University Hospital from 2001-2018 with nCRT when possible and pharyngolaryngectomy followed by reconstruction with a free jejunal graft. RESULTS Forty consecutive patients were included. About, 45% received nCRT. The median survival was 21 months. The overall, disease-specific and disease-free 5-year survival was 43.6%, 53.2%, and 47.4%, respectively. The rate of microscopically radical resection was 85%. The recurrence rate was 47% and 81% of recurrences were locoregional. The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rate was 0%. Major complications occurred in 27.9%. Anastomotic leakage, graft failure, fistulas and strictures occurred in 10%, 7.5%, 30%, and 30%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our treatment offers equal oncological results compared to the best internationally published results for dCRT for CEC. Results vary considerably between dCRT studies. Morbidity appears more pronounced following surgery. Future studies are warranted to investigate the Danish national outcomes following dCRT as first-line treatment for curable locally advanced CEC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josefine Slater
- Department of Plastic and Breast Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Jul Kiil
- Department of Plastic and Breast Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Katballe
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Bak Nielsen
- Department of Histopathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Arunas Pikelis
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Daniel Kjaer
- Department of Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Lu Y, Xu C, Wang H, Song T, Wu S, Liang X, Xu H. Long-Term Survival Outcomes and Comparison of Different Treatment Modalities for Stage I-III Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:714619. [PMID: 34631736 PMCID: PMC8492900 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.714619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the survival outcomes, prognostic factors and treatment modalities of stage I-III cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC) patients using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from the period 2004–2016. Methods: Patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of CEC were included. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate analyses of OS were performed using Cox proportional hazards models, and OS was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results: A total of 347 patients in the SEER database were enrolled. The median OS was 14.0 months, with a 5-year OS rate of 20.9%. The parameters that were found to significantly correlate with OS in the multivariate analysis were age at diagnosis [P < 0.001, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.832], sex [P < 0.001, HR= 1.867], histology [P = 0.001, HR = 0.366], surgery at the primary site [P = 0.021, HR = 0.553], radiotherapy (RT, P = 0.017, HR = 0.637) and chemotherapy (CT, P < 0.001, HR = 0.444). Comparison among the three treatment modalities demonstrated that a triple therapy regimen consisting of surgery, RT and CT was associated with a longer survival time than the other two treatment modalities before and after propensity score matching (PSM). However, triple therapy showed no significant survival benefit over double therapy (P = 0.496 before PSM and P = 0.184 after PSM). Conclusions: The survival of patients with CEC remains poor. Surgery, RT and CT were all strongly correlated with OS. We recommend a triple therapy regimen for select CEC patients based on the findings of the current study, although this recommendation should be further confirmed by prospective studies with large sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenwang Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shixiu Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated & Yuying Children's Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong'en Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Oncology Center of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Chen P, Zhao X, Zhou F, Song X, Hu S, Jin Y, Wang X, Han X, Fan Z, Wang R, Li B, Han W, Wang P, Li J, Wan L, Zhang L, Bao Q, Chang F, Qin Y, Chang Z, Ku J, Yang H, Yuan L, Ren J, Li X, Wang L. Characterization of 500 Chinese patients with cervical esophageal cancer by clinicopathological and treatment outcomes. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 17:219-226. [PMID: 32296589 PMCID: PMC7142830 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: There are no comprehensive studies on survival outcomes and optimal treatment protocols for cervical esophageal cancer (CEC), due to its rare clinical prevalence. Our objective was to determine the relationship between pathological characteristics, treatment protocols, and survival outcomes in Chinese CEC patients. Methods: A total of 500 Chinese CEC patients were selected from our 500,000 esophageal and gastric cardia carcinoma database (1973–2018). There were two main groups: patients treated with surgery, and patients receiving non-surgical treatments (radiotherapy, radiochemotherapy, and chemotherapy). The Chi-square test and Kaplan–Meier method were used to compare the continuous variables and survival. Results: Among the 500 CEC patients, 278 (55.6%) were male, and the median age was 60.9 ± 9.4 years. A total of 496 patients (99.2%) were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. In 171 (34.2%) patients who received surgery, 22 (12.9%) had undergone laryngectomy. In 322 (64.4%) patients who received non-surgical treatments, 245 (76.1%) received radiotherapy. Stratified survival analysis showed that only T stage was related with survival outcomes for CEC patients in the surgical group, and the outcomes between laryngectomy and non-laryngectomy patients were similar. It was noteworthy that the 5-year survival rate was similar in CEC patients among the different groups treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiochemotherapy (P = 0.244). Conclusions: The CEC patients had similar survival outcomes after curative esophagectomy and radiotherapy, including those with or without total laryngectomy. These findings suggest that radiotherapy could be the initial choice for treatment of Chinese CEC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peinan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xueke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shoujia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Xianzeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linzhou People's Hospital, Linzhou 456550, China
| | - Xuena Han
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zongmin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wenli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jilin Li
- Department of Pathology, Linzhou Esophageal Cancer Hospital, Linzhou 456550, China
| | - Lixin Wan
- Department of Oncology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Qide Bao
- Department of Oncology, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Fubao Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linzhou Center Hospital, Linzhou 456550, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zhiwei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jianwei Ku
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang 473000, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jingli Ren
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Provincial Cixian People's Hospital, Cixian 056500, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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13
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Xu L, Chen XK, Xie HN, Wang Z, Qin JJ, Li Y. Treatment and Prognosis of Resectable Cervical Esophageal Cancer: A Population-based Study. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 113:1873-1881. [PMID: 34329601 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal treatment strategy for resectable cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) remains controversial. This study aimed to explore prognostic factors and optimal treatment strategies in the context of staging. METHODS In this population-based study, 1371 patients with resectable CEC were identified in the SEER database. Univariate analysis and multivariable Cox regression model were performed to evaluate factors related to overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis based on staging was performed to assess the effect of treatments on survival and propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to adjust confounding factors. RESULTS Univariate and multivariable analyses revealed that age, sex, year of diagnosis, histological type, tumor size, cN stage, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are independent prognostic factors. After PSM, patients with local disease (cT1-2N0M0) who received surgery alone had a higher 10-year OS rate than those received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (20.7% vs. 11.4%, p = 0.023). Compared with CRT, surgery-based multimodal therapy did not increase the OS rate of patients (14.8% vs. 11.1%, p = 0.084). For regional disease (cT3-4aN0M0/cT1-4aN1-3M0), although surgery alone did not improve the OS rate of patients compared with CRT (7.3% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.18), we observed a significant difference in 10-year OS among patients who underwent surgery-based multimodal therapy versus those who underwent CRT (20.4% vs. 9.0%, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Compared with CRT, surgery alone improves the long-term survival of patients with localized disease, and surgery-based multimodal therapy increases the survival rate of patients with regional disease. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Kai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hou-Nai Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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14
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Thoracoscopic total laryngo-pharyngo-oesophagectomy for the pharyngoesophageal junction cancer: a single-center experience of multidisciplinary team. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:4509-4517. [PMID: 33651150 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of this study were to review the surgical experience and evaluate the feasibility of thoracoscopic total laryngo-pharyngo-oesophagectomy by multidisciplinary team in the patients with pharyngoesophageal junction cancer. METHODS A total of 31 patients with pharyngoesophageal junction cancer who underwent thoracoscopic total laryngo-pharyngo-oesophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction performed by a collaborative thoracic surgery and otolaryngology surgery team in our department from January 2009 to January 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Surgical experience, Postoperative morbidity, overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS The median age was 62 years old. Among these patients, 20 had hypopharyngeal cancer, 11 had cervical oesophageal cancer. No patients died during the perioperative period, and the median operation time was 4 h 30 min. The mean hospital stay was 13 days. The rate of complications was 32.3%. There were two cases of anastomotic leakage, four cases of moderate pulmonary infection. The median follow-up period was 31 months. Four patients were lost to follow-up in the second and fourth years and were considered to have died at that time. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 52.6% and 31.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION As a salvage surgery, thoracoscopic total laryngo-pharyngo-oesophagectomy by multidisciplinary team can be performed with an acceptable level of perioperative morbidity and mortality, relatively good recovery, and acceptable survival outcome for patients with pharyngoesophageal junction cancer.
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15
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Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang W, Zhao T, Wen J, Zhang F, Duan S, Chen C, Sang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Significance of TIM-3 Expression in Resected Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 109:1551-1557. [PMID: 31987829 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is a promising checkpoint. However, its features and prognostic value remain undetermined in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study evaluated the prognostic value of TIM-3 expression and its relationship with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with surgically resected ESCC. METHODS Expression levels of TIM-3, PD-1, and CD8+ TILs in ESCC were determined by immunohistochemistry. The association between clinicopathologic features or clinical outcomes and TIM-3 expression was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 183 patients with ESCC who had undergone esophagectomy without implementation of neoadjuvant therapy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University in Suzhou, China from January 2009 to December 2014 were included. PD-1 positivity (P = .032) and high CD8+ TIL density (P = .035) significantly correlated with positive TIM-3 expression. TIM-3 positivity was an independent risk factor for recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P < .001) and overall survival (OS) (P < .001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the TIM-3+PD-1+CD8 low group had the worst RFS and OS, whereas the TIM-3-PD-1-CD8 high group had the best RFS and OS (RFS: log-rank test P < .001; OS: log-rank test P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Positive TIM-3 expression was associated with PD-1 positivity and high CD8+ TIL density and was an independent risk factor for RFS and OS in ESCC. Furthermore, the combination of TIM-3 and PD-1 expression or CD8+ TIL density could further stratify patients into different groups with distinct prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Donglai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junmiao Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shanzhou Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghua Sang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongbing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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16
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Esophagogastric Preservation in the Surgical Management of Proximal Esophageal Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:1029-1036. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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18
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PD-L1 Expression, Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes, and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Surgically Resected Esophageal Cancer. Ann Surg 2019; 269:471-478. [DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Iizuka T, Kikuchi D, Hoteya S, Kajiyama Y, Kaise M. Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial cancer of the cervical esophagus. Endosc Int Open 2017; 5:E736-E741. [PMID: 28791322 PMCID: PMC5546892 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-112493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) is a less common form of cancer and often locally advanced at the time of diagnosis; thus, survival rates for patients with CEC remain poor. However, no reports exist on results of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial cancer at the cervical esophagus. The aim of this retrospective study was to elucidate the clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of ESD for superficial CEC. PATIENTS AND METHODS ESD was performed on 891 lesions (in 662 patients) for superficial esophageal cancer from January 2008 to December 2015. Of these, 45 lesions (45 patients) were enrolled in the case group (CEC), and 405 lesions (375 patients) were enrolled in the control group (superficial cancer in the middle thoracic esophagus). The safety of ESD, including R0 resection rate and adverse events, and the efficacy, such as the local recurrence rate and overall survival rate, were evaluated. RESULTS The R0 resection rate was 91.1 % in the case group and 96 % in the control group. The rate of esophageal stricture was significantly higher in the case group (20 %) than in the control group (6.6 %). There was no local recurrence, and the 3-year survival rate was 88.4 % in the case group and 96.7 % in the control group. CONCLUSIONS ESD for superficial cancer in the cervical esophagus was achieved safely, and successful local control was also confirmed. However, the esophageal stricture after ESD was more frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Iizuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan,Corresponding author Toshiro Iizuka, MD Department of GastroenterologyToranomon Hospital2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-kuTokyo 105-8470, Japan+81-3-3582-7068
| | - Daisuke Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Hoteya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kajiyama
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kaise
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Chen SB, Yang XH, Weng HR, Liu DT, Li H, Chen YP. Clinicopathological features and surgical treatment of cervical oesophageal cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3272. [PMID: 28607370 PMCID: PMC5468278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical oesophageal cancer (CEC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy. The biological behaviour and treatment have not been well studied. This retrospective study reviewed the clinicopathological features of 28 patients with CEC who underwent surgical resection to investigate the biological behaviour, treatment and prognosis of CEC. The long-term outcomes of these patients were compared with those of the CEC patients who received definitive chemoradiotherapy and those of thoracic or abdominal oesophageal cancer patients who underwent surgery. The study group contained 21 men and 7 women, ranging in age from 41 to 67 years (median: 56.5 years). The median survival time and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 25.0 months, 83.8%, 48.8%, and 41.9%, respectively. Only salvage surgery was found to affect the overall survival (P = 0.007). The long-term outcomes for CEC patients who underwent surgery were significantly better than those who received definitive chemoradiotherapy (P = 0.045) but were similar to those of thoracic or abdominal oesophageal cancer patients. In summary, CEC is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy. The malignant potential of CEC is similar to that of thoracic or abdominal oesophageal cancer. Surgical resection is an important therapeutic strategy and may be associated with better survival rates than definitive chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Hong Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Rui Weng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Di-Tian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Ping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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Expression and clinical significance of high risk human papillomavirus and invasive gene in cervical carcinoma. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:195-200. [PMID: 28237489 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of E6 and E7 mRNA in high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) HPV-18 and the relationship between the expression of invasive gene and cervical carcinoma. METHODS A total of 119 patients with cervical cancer, cervical erosion and cervical HPV infection who were diagnosed in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups: cervical cancer group (n = 58) and non-cancerous group (n = 61). Another 60 patients with uterine leiomyoma were selected as normal control group. Detection of HPV18 E6, E7 mRNA expression and invasion, migration, proliferation inhibition genes, epithelial mesenchymal transition genes and proliferation related protein content. RESULTS The relative expression of E6 and E7 HPV-18 in cervical cancer group was significant higher than that in non-cancerous group and control group (mRNA) (P < 0.05). The content of TRAF6 and c-FLIP in invasive cervical cancer group was significantly higher than that in non-cancerous group and control group (P < 0.05). The mRNA content of CD44v6 and MMP-9 in cervical cancer group was significantly higher than that in non-cancerous group and control group (P < 0.05). The content of DEC-1, IKK16, MBP-1 in cervical cancer group was significant lower than that in non-cancerous group and control group (P < 0.05). The mRNA content of beta -catenin and Vimentin in cervical cancer group was significantly lower than that in non cancerous group and control group (P < 0.05). The proliferation related protein E2F1 of cervical cancer group was significantly lower than that of non-cancerous group and control group, Bmi-1 content was significantly higher than non-cancerous group and control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of the detection of cervical cancer in high-risk human papilloma virus HPV-18 E6 and E7 mRNA, and the invasion, migration, proliferation inhibition gene, epithelial mesenchymal transition and proliferation related gene protein content, HPV expression rate of mRNA increased with the development of cervical cancer, the expression is also enhanced. The expression has a certain correlation between the level and development of cervical cancer. Through the above indicators, the development of cervical cancer monitoring and treatment to provide important clinical guidance.
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Akiyama S, Saeki H, Nakashima Y, Iimori M, Kitao H, Oki E, Oda Y, Nakabeppu Y, Kakeji Y, Maehara Y. Prognostic impact of MutT homolog-1 expression on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2016; 6:258-266. [PMID: 27917618 PMCID: PMC5269568 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MutT homolog‐1 (MTH1) is a pyrophosphatase that acts on oxidized nucleotides and hydrolyzes 8‐oxo‐2’‐deoxyguanosine triphosphate in deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool to prevent its incorporation into nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, result in reduce cytotoxicity in tumor cells. MTH1 is overexpressed in various cancers and is considered as a therapeutic target. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are critical risk factors for the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), suggesting that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of ESCC. We examined the expression of MTH1 and the accumulation of 8‐oxo‐2’‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxo‐dG) in 84 patients with ESCC who underwent curative resection without neoadjuvant therapy. MTH1 mRNA level was quantified by performing quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin‐embedded cancer tissues was performed to determine MTH1 protein expression and 8‐oxo‐dG accumulation. MTH1 mRNA expression was higher in cancerous tissues than in the corresponding normal epithelium (P < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that high MTH1 expression was significantly associated with deeper tumor invasion and venous invasion, advanced cancer stage, and poor overall survival (P = 0.0021) and disease‐specific survival (P = 0.0013) compared with low MTH1 expression. Furthermore, high MTH1 expression was an independent predictor of poor disease‐specific survival (P = 0.0121). In contrast, 8‐oxo‐dG accumulation was not associated with any clinicopathological factor and poor prognosis. These results suggest that MTH1 overexpression is a predictor of ESCC progression and poor prognosis and that MTH1 can serve as a therapeutic target for treating patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Akiyama
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Makoto Iimori
- Department of Molecular OncologyGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitao
- Department of Molecular OncologyGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Innovative Anticancer Strategy for Therapeutics and Diagnosis GroupInnovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic PathologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yusaku Nakabeppu
- Division of Neurofunctional GenomicsDepartment of Immunobiology and NeuroscienceMedical Institute of BioregulationKyushu University, FukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Kakeji
- Division of Gastrointestinal SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Innovative Anticancer Strategy for Therapeutics and Diagnosis GroupInnovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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