Pelvic splenosis presenting as posterior cervical mass

Pelvic splenosis misdiagnosed as a uterine sarcoma

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Splenosis is a rare complication of splenic trauma or splenectomy.

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Splenosis can be mistaken for gynecologic malignancy.

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Splenosis must be considered as a diagnosis in all patients with history of prior trauma or splenectomy.

[Diagnosis and treatment of pelvic splenosis during exploration of infertility]

Splenosis is the heterotopic autotransplantation of splenic tissue that usually follows traumatic splenectomy. Rare pelvic localizations are reported. We report here a case of a 36-year-old woman, followed for secondary infertility. On transvaginal ultrasound pelvic scanning hypervascular paracervical nodules were demonstrated. Pelvic splenosis was suspected regarding the patient's medical past (post-traumatic splenectomy). Surgical exploration and resection were decided considering the nodule localization, the risk during ovarian punction for IVF, and the hypothetical risk of bleeding at delivery. Generally, it is recommended to leave in place the splenic tissue, which may be immunologically functional.