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Gao FF, Chen DQ, Jiang YT, Han CF, Lin BY, Yang Z, Quan JH, Xiong YH, Chen XT. Functional roles of circular RNAs in lung injury. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1354806. [PMID: 38601461 PMCID: PMC11004487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1354806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung injury leads to respiratory dysfunction, low quality of life, and even life-threatening conditions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs produced by selective RNA splicing. Studies have reported their involvement in the progression of lung injury. Understanding the roles of circRNAs in lung injury may aid in elucidating the underlying mechanisms and provide new therapeutic targets. Thus, in this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the characteristics and biological functions of circRNAs, and their roles in lung injury from existing research, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of circRNAs as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gao
- Stem Cell Research and Cellular Therapy Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Dian-Qing Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Hebei, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yue-Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Cui-Fei Han
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Bi-Yun Lin
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan-Hua Quan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Huan Xiong
- Biotissue Repository, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Tian Chen
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Zhong J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Li J, Kang L, Li X. CircFLNA/miR-214 modulates regulatory T cells by regulating PD-1 in acute lung injury induced by sepsis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2259131. [PMID: 37724530 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a major complication of death from bacterial infection. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important regulators in addressing lung injury. Considering the extensive research of circular RNAs (circRNAs), the role of circRNA in Treg modulation during ARDS remains unclear. In this study, patients with sepsis-induced ARDS along with non-ARDS controls were obtained, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected as clinical samples. Additionally, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed to construct a septic ARDS model, and lung tissues as well as peripheral blood were collected. mRNA expressions were measured by RT-qPCR. ELISA was carried out to measure the concentration of inflammatory factors. A combination of online bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter, and RND pull-down assays was performed to verify interactions between microRNA (miRNA) and circRNA/mRNA. Tregs were measured by flow cytometry. Our data suggested that circFLNA was aberrantly elevated in ARDS, and depletion of circFLNA upregulated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and decreased inflammatory response. Additionally, miR-214-5p which binds with circFLNA, reversed circFLNA-induced effects in ARDS. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a downstream target gene of miR-214-5p, and abrogated the effects of miR-214-5p on regulating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and inflammatory response. In a word, circFLNA/miR-214-5p/PD-1 signaling is a novel pathway that modulates Tregs in ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiyun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Li
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingkai Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
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Xu F, Hu L, Wang S, Shen Y, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhu L. Microarray profiling of circular RNAs in LPS-induced Beas-2B cells and identification of circ_2979 as a potential biomarker for ARDS. Cell Signal 2023; 103:110561. [PMID: 36528242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of high mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are widely expressed in numerous tissues and are associated with various diseases. However, the role of circRNAs in ARDS remains unclear. In this study, we found that cell viability and proliferation were reduced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Beas-2B cells. Microarray analysis identified 1131 differentially expressed circRNAs in LPS-treated Beas-2B cells, with 623 circRNAs significantly upregulated and 508 circRNAs strongly downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed significant enrichment and indicated potential functions and pathways of differentially expressed circRNAs. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis confirmed that expression of circ_2979, circ_5438, circ_4557 and circ_2066 in LPS-induced Beas-2B cells was consistent with the results obtained by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Additionally, we recruited 17 patients with ARDS and 13 healthy volunteers and found that expression of circ_2979 in serum was significantly increased in the patients with ARDS compared with healthy volunteers. Spearman's analyses indicated that circ_2979 was correlated with partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2), the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2), interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) and fibrinogen (FIB). The results suggested that circRNAs may play an important role in the progression of ARDS, and that circ_2979 may serve as a diagnosis and prognosis biomarker for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Hu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Sijiao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Hanhan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, 221 Yan An Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
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Yu J, Xu C, Wen Z, Wang G, Gil Silva AA, Brown MJ, Sanchez PG, Wang X. Shock lung is not "wet" but characterized as necroptotic inflammation in a mouse model of hypotension. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 165:e40-e53. [PMID: 35850733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypotension episodes before or after donor brain death are assumed to trigger hypoxia-reoxygenation, causing diffuse alveolar-capillary damage via necrosis. However, alveolar-capillary membranes have direct access to oxygen in alveoli. We hypothesized hypotension-induced lung injury is not diffuse alveolar-capillary damage but interstitial inflammation resulting from nonhypoxic lung ischemia and systemic responses to hypoxic extrapulmonary ischemia. METHODS The 4-hour hypotension model was established by subjecting C57BL/6J mice to 4-hour hypotension at 15 ± 5 mm Hg of mean artery pressure and resuscitated with whole shed blood and norepinephrine. Nonhypoxic lung ischemia model was established by 4-hour left pulmonary artery ligation. At 24 hours postprocedure, an arterial blood gas analysis and a gastroduodenal occult blood test were conducted. Lung samples were assessed for histology, cytokine transcripts, regulated cell death, and alveolar-capillary permeability. RESULTS The 4-hour hypotension model had an intraoperative mortality rate of 17.7% (41/231) and a stress-ulcer bleeding rate of 15.3% (29/190). No signs of alveolar flooding were observed in both models. Four-hour hypotension without stress ulcer showed normal oxygenation and permeability but increased interstitial infiltration, transcription of Tnf and Il1b, phosphorylation of MLKL and RIPK3, and cleaved caspase 3 compared with 4-hour pulmonary artery ligation and naïve control. Animals that developed stress ulcer presented with worse pulmonary infiltration, intracellular edema, and oxygenation but just slightly increased permeability. Immunoblotting showed significant upregulations of protein expression and phosphorylation of MLKL and RIPK3, cleaved Caspase-3, but not its prototype in 4-hour hypotension with stress ulcer. CONCLUSIONS Hypotensive lung injury is essentially a nonhypoxic ischemia-reperfusion injury enhanced by systemic responses. It is predominated by necroptosis-induced inflammation rather than necrosis-induced diffuse alveolar-capillary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Breast Neoplastic Surgery (25th Ward), Hunan Tumor Hospital, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Che Xu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongmei Wen
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Agustin Alejandro Gil Silva
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Mark J Brown
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Pablo G Sanchez
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Xingan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Acute Lung Injury Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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Jia B, Ye J, Gan L, Li R, Zhang M, Sun D, Weng L, Xiong Y, Xu J, Zhang P, Huang W, Zheng M, Wang T. Mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1 decreases inflammation following hemorrhagic shock by protecting myocardial mitochondria. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1047909. [PMID: 36467681 PMCID: PMC9709459 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1047909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a type of hypovolemic shock characterized by hemodynamic instability, tissue hypoperfusion and cellular hypoxia. In pathophysiology, the gradual accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damages the mitochondria, leading to irreversible cell damage and the release of endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including mitochondrial DAMPs (MTDs), eventually triggering the inflammatory response. The novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (Visomitin) effectively eliminate excessive intracellular ROS and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects; however, the specific role of SkQ1 in HS has not yet been explicated. Methods and results: A 40% fixed-blood-loss HS rat model was established in this study. Transmission electron microscopy showed that after HS, the myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure was damaged and the mtDNA release in circulation was increased and the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in mitochondrial and ROS-related pathways. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 attenuated the increased ROS induced by HS in myocardial tissues and by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in cardiomyocytes. Ultrastructurally, SkQ1 protected the myocardial mitochondrial structure and reduced the release of the peripheral blood mtDNA after HS. RNA-seq transcriptome analysis showed that 56.5% of the inflammation-related genes, which altered after HS, could be significantly reversed after SkQ1 treatment. Moreover, ELISA indicated that SkQ1 significantly reversed the HS-induced increases in the TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 protein levels in rat peripheral blood. Conclusion: HS causes damage to the rat myocardial mitochondrial structure, increases mtDNA release and ROS contents, activates the mitochondrial and ROS-related pathways, and induces systemic inflammatory response. The mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1 can improve rat myocardial mitochondria ultrastructure, reduce mtDNA and ROS contents, and decrease inflammation by protecting myocardial mitochondria, thereby playing a novel protective role in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jia
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Ye
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lebin Gan
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Diya Sun
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Weng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tianbing Wang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
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