Management of traumatic laryngotracheal separation: Case series and review

[Management of blunt and penetrating laryngeal trauma]

Patients presenting with laryngotracheal trauma can be in a life-threatening situation. Early recognition of the severity of the injury and, if necessary, surgical intervention within the first 24-48 h increases the chance of achieving a good functional late result. Preservation or restoration of voice and swallowing function is the long-term therapeutic goal. Precise assessment of the extent of the injury can be achieved using a combination of computed tomography and flexible laryngotracheoscopy. Symptoms often do not reflect the extent of the injury, which can vary from endolaryngeal hemorrhage to complete laryngotracheal separation. Conservative treatment consists of observation with symptomatic therapy. On the other hand, surgery may include endolaryngeal repair and/or transcervical reconstruction; securing the airways is of utmost importance.

Laryngeal trauma: a review of current diagnostic and management strategies

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

The purpose of this review is to provide the most up to date information on evaluation and management of laryngeal trauma.

RECENT FINDINGS

Timely diagnosis and proper treatment of laryngeal fractures are imperative for preserving a functional larynx. This review will focus on evaluation and management strategies.

SUMMARY

The larynx provides significant functions including respiration, phonation, and airway protection. Algorithms have been developed in order to standardize the evaluation and management of these injuries to preserve a functional larynx. Physicians must diagnose and treat these laryngeal traumas in a timely fashion in order to prevent morbidity and, rarely, mortality.