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Cheng YH, Chen KH, Sung YT, Yang CC, Chien CT. Intrarenal Arterial Transplantation of Dexmedetomidine Preconditioning Adipose Stem-Cell-Derived Microvesicles Confers Further Therapeutic Potential to Attenuate Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through miR-122-5p/Erythropoietin/Apoptosis Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1702. [PMID: 36139786 PMCID: PMC9495781 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) attenuate renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury but with major drawbacks, including the lack of a specific homing effect after systemic infusion, cell trapping in the lung, and early cell death in the damaged microenvironment. We examined whether intrarenal arterial transplantation of dexmedetomidine (DEX) preconditioning ADSC-derived microvesicles (DEX-MVs) could promote further therapeutic potential to reduce renal IR injury. We evaluated the effect of DEX-MVs on NRK-52E cells migration, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell death, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount and renal IR model in rats. IR was established by bilateral 45 min ischemia followed by 4 h reperfusion. Intrarenal MVs or DEX-MVs were administered prior to ischemia. Renal oxidative stress, hemodynamics and function, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and tubular injury scores were determined. The miR-122-5p expression in kidneys was analyzed using microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR and its action target was predicted by TargetScan. DEX-MVs were more efficient than MVs to increase migration capability and to further decrease H/R-induced cell death and ROS level in NRK-52E cells. Consistently, DEX-MVs were better than MV in increasing CD44 expression, improving IR-depressed renal hemodynamics and renal erythropoietin expression, inhibiting IR-enhanced renal ROS level, tubular injury score, miR-122-5p expression, pNF-κB expression, Bax/caspase 3/poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-mediated apoptosis, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. The use of NRK-52E cells confirmed that miR-122-5p mimic via inhibiting erythropoietin expression exacerbated Bax-mediated apoptosis, whereas miR-122-5p inhibitor via upregulating erythropoietin and Bcl-2 expression reduced apoptosis. In summary, intrarenal arterial DEX-MV conferred further therapeutic potential to reduce renal IR injury through the miR-122-5p/erythropoietin/apoptosis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-T.S.)
| | - Kuo-Hsin Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22056, Taiwan;
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Sung
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-T.S.)
| | - Chih-Ching Yang
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-T.S.)
- Office of Public Relation of Ministry of Health and Welfare, No. 488, Section 6, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Nangang District, Taipei 115204, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City 11260, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Tingzhou Road, Taipei 11677, Taiwan; (Y.-H.C.); (Y.-T.S.)
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Wu WY, Lee SP, Chiang BJ, Lin WY, Chien CT. Urothelial Calcium-Sensing Receptor Modulates Micturition Function via Mediating Detrusor Activity and Ameliorates Bladder Hyperactivity in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14100960. [PMID: 34681183 PMCID: PMC8537609 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The urothelium displays mechano- and chemosensory functions via numerous receptors and channels. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) detects extracellular calcium and modulates several physiological functions. Nonetheless, information about the expression and the role of CaSR in lower urinary tract has been absent. We aimed to determine the existence of urothelial CaSR in urinary bladder and its effect on micturition function. We utilized Western blot to confirm the expression of CaSR in bladder and used immunofluorescence to verify the location of the CaSR in the bladder urothelium via colocalization with uroplakin III A. The activation of urothelial CaSR via the CaSR agonist, AC-265347 (AC), decreased urinary bladder smooth muscle (detrusor) activity, whereas its inhibition via the CaSR antagonist, NPS-2143 hydrochloride (NPS), increased detrusor activity in in vitro myography experiments. Cystometry, bladder nerve activities recording, and bladder surface microcirculation detection were conducted to evaluate the effects of the urothelial CaSR via intravesical administrations. Intravesical AC inhibited micturition reflex, bladder afferent and efferent nerve activities, and reversed cystitis-induced bladder hyperactivity. The urothelial CaSR demonstrated a chemosensory function, and modulated micturition reflex via regulating detrusor activity. This study provided further evidence of how the urothelial CaSR mediated micturition and implicated the urothelial CaSR as a potential pharmacotherapeutic target in the intervention of bladder disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Wu
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Pin Lee
- Department of Public Health, International College, Krirk University, Bangkok 10220, Thailand;
| | - Bing-Juin Chiang
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 23148, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-J.C.); (W.-Y.L.); (C.-T.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77496312 (C.-T.C.)
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei Hospital, New Taipei City 24213, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (B.-J.C.); (W.-Y.L.); (C.-T.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77496312 (C.-T.C.)
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (B.-J.C.); (W.-Y.L.); (C.-T.C.); Tel.: +886-2-77496312 (C.-T.C.)
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Fan Y, Ma M, Feng X, Song T, Wei Q, Lin T. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 in renal tubular epithelial cells alleviates pyroptosis. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2340-2350. [PMID: 34295721 PMCID: PMC8261442 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe renal ischemia-reperfusion injury results in worse outcomes of kidney transplantation. Compared to the collecting duct, the proximal tubule is more likely to exhibit severe pyroptosis and damage during renal ischemia-reperfusion. Aquaporins were reported of having regulatory roles in pyroptosis. We explored whether aquaporin 2 overexpression in proximal tubular cells could alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury related pyroptosis. Methods A renal ischemia-reperfusion model of mice was established, and human kidney 2 cells were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation. Aquaporin 2 overexpression was achieved in human kidney 2 cells transfected with lentivirus, which were then cultured with murine cells. Renal tissues and serum of the mice, and human kidney 2 cells were subjected to histological, molecular, and biochemical examinations. Results Compared with the sham group, the renal function of the ischemia-reperfusion group was significantly decreased, and the tissue injury was severe and accompanied by more nuclear dissolved and necrosis. Besides, the expression of aquaporin 1-5 decreased significantly, while the expression of Toll-like receptor 4, caspase-1, kim-1 and interleukin 1β and 18 increased significantly in ischemia-reperfusion group. Similar results were observed in the human kidney 2 cells test. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 partially reversed the cell damage, pyroptosis, and molecular expression changes of human kidney 2 cells induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that aquaporin 2 overexpression can potentially reduce pyroptosis in proximal tubular cells, and thus might be a novel target for relieving pyroptosis and injury in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Turun Song
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhao S, Cheng CK, Zhang CL, Huang Y. Interplay Between Oxidative Stress, Cyclooxygenases, and Prostanoids in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:784-799. [PMID: 32323554 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Endothelial cells lining the lumen of blood vessels play an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular functions through releasing both vasoconstricting and vasodilating factors. The production and function of vasoconstricting factors are largely elevated in hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are the major enzymes producing five different prostanoids that act as either contracting or relaxing substances. Under conditions of increased oxidative stress, the expressions and activities of COX isoforms are altered, resulting in changes in production of various prostanoids and thus affecting vascular tone. This review briefly summarizes the relationship between oxidative stress, COXs, and prostanoids, thereby providing new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Recent Advances: Many new drugs targeting oxidative stress, COX-2, and prostanoids against common CVDs have been evaluated in recent years and they are summarized in this review. Critical Issues: Comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between oxidative stress, COXs, and prostanoids in CVDs helps develop more effective measures against cardiovascular pathogenesis. Future Directions: Apart from minimizing the undesired effects of harmful prostanoids, future studies shall investigate the restoration of vasoprotective prostanoids as a means to combat CVDs. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 784-799.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhao
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhang
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lee SP, Wu WY, Hsiao JK, Zhou JH, Chang HH, Chien CT. Aromatherapy: Activating olfactory calcium-sensing receptors impairs renal hemodynamics via sympathetic nerve-mediated vasoconstriction. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13157. [PMID: 29939497 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study determines whether the activation of olfactory calcium-sensing receptor initiates a sympathetic activation-dependent neurovascular reflex subsequently contributing to renal hemodynamic depression. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and nose-loading calcium-sensitive dye were used to explore the location and function of calcium-sensing receptor on the olfactory sensory neuron. The renal sympathetic nervous activity, renal hemodynamics and the microcirculation of kidney, liver and intestine were evaluated after liquid-phase intranasal administrations of saline, lidocaine, calcium-sensing receptor agonists and antagonist in sham and bilateral renal denervated rats. Real-time renal glomerular filtration rate was measured by a magnetic resonance renography. RESULTS Calcium-sensing receptors were expressed on the cilia the olfactory sensory neuron and their activation depolarized olfactory sensory neuron and induced the calcium influx in the terminal side on olfactory glomeruli. Activating olfactory calcium-sensing receptors significantly increased arterial blood pressure and renal sympathetic nervous activities and subsequently decreased renal blood flow, renal, hepatic and enteral microcirculation. Cotreatments with calcium-sensing receptor antagonist or lidocaine inhibited these physiological alterations. The renal hemodynamic depressions by olfactory calcium-sensing receptor activation were significantly blocked by bilateral renal denervation. The intranasal manganese administration decreased the glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION Calcium-sensing receptor acts as a functional chemosensory receptor on olfactory sensory neuron, and its activation causes the global sympathetic enhancement contributing to systematic vasoconstriction and subsequently depresses renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. These data implicate a possibly clinical aspect that several environmental stimuli may activate olfactory calcium-sensing receptors to evoke a sympathetic nervous system-mediated neurovascular reflex to depress renal hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Pin Lee
- Department of Life Science; National Taiwan Normal University; Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Wu
- Department of Life Science; National Taiwan Normal University; Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging; Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital; Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; New Taipei City Taiwan
- School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hao Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging; Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital; Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation; New Taipei City Taiwan
- School of Medicine; Tzu Chi University; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Life Science; National Taiwan Normal University; Taipei City Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine; National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine; Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Ting Chien
- Department of Life Science; National Taiwan Normal University; Taipei City Taiwan
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Abstract
Elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and tau hyperphosphorylation. However, the gaps in our knowledge of the roles of COX-2 and PGs in AD have not been filled. Here, we summarized the literature showing that COX-2 dysregulation obviously influences abnormal cleavage of β-amyloid precursor protein, aggregation and deposition of Aβ in β-amyloid plaques and the inclusion of phosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, neurotoxicity, autophagy, and apoptosis have been assessed to elucidate the mechanisms of COX-2 regulation of AD. Notably, an imbalance of these factors ultimately produces cognitive decline. The current review substantiates our understanding of the mechanisms of COX-2-induced AD and establishes foundations for the design of feasible therapeutic strategies to treat AD.-Guan, P.-P., Wang, P. Integrated communications between cyclooxygenase-2 and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Guan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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