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Xu J, Chen J, Yu W, Zhang H, Wang F, Zhuang W, Yang J, Bai Z, Xu L, Sun J, Jin G, Nian Y, Qin M, Chen M. Noninvasive and portable stroke type discrimination and progress monitoring based on a multichannel microwave transmitting-receiving system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21647. [PMID: 33303768 PMCID: PMC7728752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hemorrhagic and the ischemic types of stroke have similar symptoms in the early stage, but their treatments are completely different. The timely and effective discrimination of the two types of stroke can considerable improve the patients' prognosis. In this paper, a 16-channel and noncontact microwave-based stroke detection system was proposed and demonstrated for the potential differentiation of the hemorrhagic and the ischemic stroke. In animal experiments, 10 rabbits were divided into two groups. One group consisted of five cerebral hemorrhage models, and the other group consisted of five cerebral ischemia models. The two groups were monitored by the system to obtain the Euclidean distance transform value of microwave scattering parameters caused by pathological changes in the brain. The support vector machine was used to identify the type and the severity of the stroke. Based on the experiment, a discrimination accuracy of 96% between hemorrhage and ischemia stroke was achieved. Furthermore, the potential of monitoring the progress of intracerebral hemorrhage or ischemia was evaluated. The discrimination of different degrees of intracerebral hemorrhage achieved 86.7% accuracy, and the discrimination of different severities of ischemia achieved 94% accuracy. Compared with that with multiple channels, the discrimination accuracy of the stroke severity with a single channel was only 50% for the intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemia stroke. The study showed that the microwave-based stroke detection system can effectively distinguish between the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral ischemia models. This system is very promising for the prehospital identification of the stroke type due to its low cost, noninvasiveness, and ease of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Jin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Nian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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Godoy D, Piñero G, Cruz-Flores S, Alcalá Cerra G, Rabinstein A. Malignant hemispheric infarction of the middle cerebral artery. Diagnostic considerations and treatment options. Neurologia 2013; 31:332-43. [PMID: 23601756 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant hemispheric infarction (MHI) is a specific and devastating type of ischemic stroke. It usually affects all or part of the territory of the middle cerebral artery although its effects may extend to other territories as well. Its clinical outcome is frequently catastrophic when only conventional medical treatment is applied. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to analyse the available scientific evidence on the treatment of this entity. DEVELOPMENT MHI is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Its clinical characteristics are early neurological deterioration and severe hemispheric syndrome. Its hallmark is the development of space-occupying cerebral oedema between day 1 and day 3 after symptom onset. The mass effect causes displacement, distortion, and herniation of brain structures even when intracranial hypertension is initially absent. Until recently, MHI was thought to be fatal and untreatable because mortality rates with conventional medical treatment could exceed 80%. In this unfavourable context, decompressive hemicraniectomy has re-emerged as a therapeutic alternative for selected cases, with reported decreases in mortality ranging between 15% and 40%. CONCLUSIONS In recent years, several randomised clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit of decompressive hemicraniectomy in patients with MHI. This treatment reduces mortality in addition to improving functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Godoy
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital San Juan Bautista, Catamarca, Argentina; Unidad de Cuidados Neurointensivos, Sanatorio Pasteur, Catamarca, Argentina.
| | - G Piñero
- Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Municipal Leonidas Lucero, Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Cruz-Flores
- Department of Neurology & Psychiatry, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Estados Unidos
| | - G Alcalá Cerra
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - A Rabinstein
- Neuroscience ICU and Regional Acute Stroke Program Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, Estados Unidos
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