1
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Xu X, Sun B, Zhao C. Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 and parthanatos in neurological diseases: From pathogenesis to therapeutic opportunities. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106314. [PMID: 37783233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is the most extensively studied member of the PARP superfamily, with its primary function being the facilitation of DNA damage repair processes. Parthanatos is a type of regulated cell death cascade initiated by PARP-1 hyperactivation, which involves multiple subroutines, including the accumulation of ADP-ribose polymers (PAR), binding of PAR and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), release of AIF from the mitochondria, the translocation of the AIF/macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) complex, and massive MIF-mediated DNA fragmentation. Over the past few decades, the role of PARP-1 in central nervous system health and disease has received increasing attention. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of PARP-1 in neural cell proliferation and differentiation, memory formation, brain ageing, and epigenetic regulation. We then elaborate on the involvement of PARP-1 and PARP-1-dependant parthanatos in various neuropathological processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, autophagy damage, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additional highlight contains PARP-1's implications in the initiation, progression, and therapeutic opportunities for different neurological illnesses, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), multiple sclerosis (MS), epilepsy, and neuropathic pain (NP). Finally, emerging insights into the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the management of neurological diseases are provided. This review aims to summarize the exciting advancements in the critical role of PARP-1 in neurological disorders, which may open new avenues for therapeutic options targeting PARP-1 or parthanatos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
| | - Bowen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Big Data of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Tong J, Chen B, Tan PW, Kurpiewski S, Cai Z. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases as PET imaging targets for central nervous system diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1062432. [PMID: 36438061 PMCID: PMC9685622 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1062432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) constitute of 17 members that are associated with divergent cellular processes and play a crucial role in DNA repair, chromatin organization, genome integrity, apoptosis, and inflammation. Multiple lines of evidence have shown that activated PARP1 is associated with intense DNA damage and irritating inflammatory responses, which are in turn related to etiologies of various neurological disorders. PARP1/2 as plausible therapeutic targets have attracted considerable interests, and multitudes of PARP1/2 inhibitors have emerged for treating cancer, metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, PARP1/2 as imaging targets have been shown to detect, delineate, and predict therapeutic responses in many diseases by locating and quantifying the expression levels of PARP1/2. PARP1/2-directed noninvasive positron emission tomography (PET) has potential in diagnosing and prognosing neurological diseases. However, quantitative PARP PET imaging in the central nervous system (CNS) has evaded us due to the challenges of developing blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrable PARP radioligands. Here, we review PARP1/2's relevance in CNS diseases, summarize the recent progress on PARP PET and discuss the possibilities of developing novel PARP radiotracers for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhengxin Cai
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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3
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Boehi F, Manetsch P, Hottiger MO. Interplay between ADP-ribosyltransferases and essential cell signaling pathways controls cellular responses. Cell Discov 2021; 7:104. [PMID: 34725336 PMCID: PMC8560908 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling cascades provide integrative and interactive frameworks that allow the cell to respond to signals from its environment and/or from within the cell itself. The dynamic regulation of mammalian cell signaling pathways is often modulated by cascades of protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). ADP-ribosylation is a PTM that is catalyzed by ADP-ribosyltransferases and manifests as mono- (MARylation) or poly- (PARylation) ADP-ribosylation depending on the addition of one or multiple ADP-ribose units to protein substrates. ADP-ribosylation has recently emerged as an important cell regulator that impacts a plethora of cellular processes, including many intracellular signaling events. Here, we provide an overview of the interplay between the intracellular diphtheria toxin-like ADP-ribosyltransferase (ARTD) family members and five selected signaling pathways (including NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Wnt-β-catenin, MAPK, PI3K/AKT), which are frequently described to control or to be controlled by ADP-ribosyltransferases and how these interactions impact the cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flurina Boehi
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Cancer Biology PhD Program of the Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Manetsch
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Molecular Life Science PhD Program of the Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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4
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Banfi F, Rubio A, Zaghi M, Massimino L, Fagnocchi G, Bellini E, Luoni M, Cancellieri C, Bagliani A, Di Resta C, Maffezzini C, Ianielli A, Ferrari M, Piazza R, Mologni L, Broccoli V, Sessa A. SETBP1 accumulation induces P53 inhibition and genotoxic stress in neural progenitors underlying neurodegeneration in Schinzel-Giedion syndrome. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4050. [PMID: 34193871 PMCID: PMC8245514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of genetic forms of juvenile neurodegeneration could shed light on the causative mechanisms of neuronal loss. Schinzel-Giedion syndrome (SGS) is a fatal developmental syndrome caused by mutations in the SETBP1 gene, inducing the accumulation of its protein product. SGS features multi-organ involvement with severe intellectual and physical deficits due, at least in part, to early neurodegeneration. Here we introduce a human SGS model that displays disease-relevant phenotypes. We show that SGS neural progenitors exhibit aberrant proliferation, deregulation of oncogenes and suppressors, unresolved DNA damage, and resistance to apoptosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that high SETBP1 levels inhibit P53 function through the stabilization of SET, which in turn hinders P53 acetylation. We find that the inheritance of unresolved DNA damage in SGS neurons triggers the neurodegenerative process that can be alleviated either by PARP-1 inhibition or by NAD + supplementation. These results implicate that neuronal death in SGS originates from developmental alterations mainly in safeguarding cell identity and homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Abnormalities, Multiple/metabolism
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/metabolism
- Craniofacial Abnormalities/pathology
- DNA Damage
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/genetics
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/metabolism
- Hand Deformities, Congenital/pathology
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/genetics
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/metabolism
- Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/pathology
- Humans
- Intellectual Disability/genetics
- Intellectual Disability/metabolism
- Intellectual Disability/pathology
- Mutation
- Nails, Malformed/genetics
- Nails, Malformed/metabolism
- Nails, Malformed/pathology
- Neural Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neural Stem Cells/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Organoids
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Banfi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Alicia Rubio
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Zaghi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fagnocchi
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bellini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cancellieri
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells service, Istituto Italiano di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Bagliani
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Ovest Milanese, Legnano Hospital, Legnano, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Resta
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Unit of Genomics for human disease diagnosis, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Maffezzini
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Ianielli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sessa
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Gavrilovici C, Jiang Y, Kiroski I, Sterley TL, Vandal M, Bains J, Park SK, Rho JM, Teskey GC, Nguyen MD. Behavioral Deficits in Mice with Postnatal Disruption of Ndel1 in Forebrain Excitatory Neurons: Implications for Epilepsy and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgaa096. [PMID: 33615226 PMCID: PMC7876307 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgaa096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of nuclear distribution element-like 1 (Ndel1) is associated with schizophrenia, a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and with seizures as comorbidity. The levels of Ndel1 are also altered in human and models with epilepsy, a chronic condition whose hallmark feature is the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent seizures and is typically associated with comorbid conditions including learning and memory deficits, anxiety, and depression. In this study, we analyzed the behaviors of mice postnatally deficient for Ndel1 in forebrain excitatory neurons (Ndel1 CKO) that exhibit spatial learning and memory deficits, seizures, and shortened lifespan. Ndel1 CKO mice underperformed in species-specific tasks, that is, the nest building, open field, Y maze, forced swim, and dry cylinder tasks. We surveyed the expression and/or activity of a dozen molecules related to Ndel1 functions and found changes that may contribute to the abnormal behaviors. Finally, we tested the impact of Reelin glycoprotein that shows protective effects in the hippocampus of Ndel1 CKO, on the performance of the mutant animals in the nest building task. Our study highlights the importance of Ndel1 in the manifestation of species-specific animal behaviors that may be relevant to our understanding of the clinical conditions shared between neuropsychiatric disorders and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezar Gavrilovici
- Departments of Neurosciences & Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Yulan Jiang
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ivana Kiroski
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Toni-Lee Sterley
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Milene Vandal
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jaideep Bains
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jong M Rho
- Departments of Neurosciences & Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - G Campbell Teskey
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Minh Dang Nguyen
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Cell Biology and Anatomy, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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6
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Maxi JK, Mercante D, Foret B, Oberhelman S, Ferguson TF, Bagby GJ, Nelson S, Amedee AM, Edwards S, Simon L, Molina PE. Chronic Binge Alcohol-Associated Differential Brain Region Modulation of Growth Factor Signaling Pathways and Neuroinflammation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Male Macaques. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 54:477-486. [PMID: 31322648 PMCID: PMC6751413 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Microarray analysis of hippocampal tissue from chronic binge alcohol (CBA)-administered, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected male macaques identified altered immune response and neurogenesis as potential mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in macaques. This study investigated the differential brain region associations between markers of neuroinflammation and growth factor signaling with microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) expression. METHODS Adult male rhesus macaques were administered CBA (13-14 g EtOH/kg/week, n = 8) or sucrose (SUC, n = 7) beginning 3 months prior to SIV infection and continued until animals reached end-stage disease criteria (3-24 months post infection). Expression of inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and viral loads were determined in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), caudate (CD), and hippocampus (HP). Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) expression and phosphorylation of intracellular kinases downstream of BDNF were investigated in the PFC. RESULTS Our results show reduced MAP2 expression in the PFC of longer-surviving, CBA/SIV macaques. BDNF expression was most closely associated with MAP2 expression in the PFC. In the caudate, significant positive associations were observed between MAP2 and BDNF, time to end-stage and set-point viral load and significant negative associations for CBA. In the hippocampus, positive associations were observed between MAP2 and inflammatory cytokines, and negative associations for brain viral load and CBA. CONCLUSIONS CBA differentially affects growth factor and inflammatory cytokine expression and viral load across brain regions. In the PFC, suppression of growth factor signaling may be an important neuropathological mechanism, while inflammatory processes may play a more important role in the CD and HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K Maxi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Don Mercante
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Brittany Foret
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Oberhelman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Gregory J Bagby
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Steve Nelson
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- School of Medicine
| | - Angela M Amedee
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Scott Edwards
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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7
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide suppresses epileptogenesis at an early stage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7321. [PMID: 28779137 PMCID: PMC5544671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiologic mechanisms of epileptogenesis are poorly understood, and no effective therapy exists for suppressing epileptogenesis. Numerous reports have shown that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has neuroprotective effects, suggesting its potential use for treating epileptogenesis. Here we evaluated the effects of NAD+ on epileptogenesis and the mechanisms underlying these effects. In pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) model mice, NAD+ was injected three times within 24.5 h after SE. NAD+ intervention significantly reduced the incidence of spontaneous recurrent seizure (SRS) and abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) activity, rescued contextual fear memory formation, reduced neuronal loss in the CA1 region of the hippocampus at SRS stage. Furthermore, exogenous supply of NAD+ distinctly reversed the seizure-induced depletion of endogenous NAD+, reduced neuronal apoptosis in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and reversed the augmented Acp53/p53 ratio at the early stage of epileptogenesis. Our findings demonstrated that early-stage intervention with NAD+ prevents epileptogenesis in pilocarpine-induced SE mice by suppressing neuronal apoptosis.
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8
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Lai YC, Baker JS, Donti T, Graham BH, Craigen WJ, Anderson AE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Mediated by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Activation Contributes to Hippocampal Neuronal Damage Following Status Epilepticus. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071502. [PMID: 28704930 PMCID: PMC5535992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the neuropathology associated with status epilepticus (SE) and is implicated in the development of epilepsy. While excitotoxic mechanisms are well-known mediators affecting mitochondrial health following SE, whether hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) also contributes to SE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction remains to be examined. Here we first evaluated the temporal evolution of poly-ADP-ribosylated protein levels in hippocampus following kainic acid-induced SE as a marker for PARP-1 activity, and found that PARP-1 was hyperactive at 24 h following SE. We evaluated oxidative metabolism and found decreased NAD+ levels by enzymatic cycling, and impaired NAD+-dependent mitochondrial respiration as measured by polarography at 24 h following SE. Stereological estimation showed significant cell loss in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subregions 72 h following SE. PARP-1 inhibition using N-(6-Oxo-5,6-dihydro-phenanthridin-2-yl)- N,N-dimethylacetamide (PJ-34) in vivo administration was associated with preserved NAD+ levels and NAD+-dependent mitochondrial respiration, and improved CA1 neuronal survival. These findings suggest that PARP-1 hyperactivation contributes to SE-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and CA1 hippocampal damage. The deleterious effects of PARP-1 hyperactivation on mitochondrial respiration are in part mediated through intracellular NAD+ depletion. Therefore, modulating PARP-1 activity may represent a potential therapeutic target to preserve intracellular energetics and mitochondrial function following SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Lai
- Departments of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - J Scott Baker
- Departments of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Taraka Donti
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Brett H Graham
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - William J Craigen
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Anne E Anderson
- Departments of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Departments of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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9
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Popova I, Malkov A, Ivanov AI, Samokhina E, Buldakova S, Gubkina O, Osypov A, Muhammadiev RS, Zilberter T, Molchanov M, Paskevich S, Zilberter M, Zilberter Y. Metabolic correction by pyruvate halts acquired epilepsy in multiple rodent models. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 106:244-254. [PMID: 28709994 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic intervention strategy of epilepsy treatment has been gaining broader attention due to accumulated evidence that hypometabolism, manifested in humans as reduced brain glucose consumption, is a principal factor in acquired epilepsy. Therefore, targeting deficient energy metabolism may be an effective approach for treating epilepsy. To confront this pathology we utilized pyruvate, which besides being an anaplerotic mitochondrial fuel possesses a unique set of neuroprotective properties as it: (i) is a potent reactive oxygen species scavenger; (ii) abates overactivation of Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1); (iii) facilitates glutamate efflux from the brain; (iv) augments brain glycogen stores; (v) is anti-inflammatory; (vi) prevents neuronal hyperexcitability; and (vii) normalizes the cytosolic redox state. In vivo, chronic oral pyruvate administration completely abolished established epileptic phenotypes in three accepted and fundamentally different rodent acquired epilepsy models. Our study reports metabolic correction by pyruvate as a potentially highly effective treatment of acquired epilepsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Popova
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A Malkov
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A I Ivanov
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - E Samokhina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - S Buldakova
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - O Gubkina
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - A Osypov
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R S Muhammadiev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | | | - M Molchanov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - S Paskevich
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - M Zilberter
- Neuronal Oscillations Lab, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Zilberter
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, 13005 Marseille, France.
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10
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Bian H, Zhou Y, Yu B, Shang D, Liu F, Li B, Qi J. Rho-kinase signaling pathway promotes the expression of PARP to accelerate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in ischemia/reperfusion. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2002-2008. [PMID: 28656263 PMCID: PMC5562013 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously reported that Rho-kinase (ROCK) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) serve critical roles in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Studies have additionally demonstrated that the activation of ROCK and the expression of PARP are increased in I/R. However, the effect and mechanism of the two proteins remains to be fully elucidated in I/R. In addition, whether they can be influenced by each other is unclear. In the present study, it was demonstrated that ischemia followed by reperfusion resulted in a significant increase in ROCK and PARP. In addition, Y-27632 (ROCK inhibitor) and 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB; PARP inhibitor) pretreatment rescued myocardial infarction size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The inhibitory role of Y-27632 was observed to be superior to that of the 3-AB group. In addition, Y-27632 and 3-AB diminished extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and the production of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6. Overall, the results of the present study suggested that the inhibition of ROCK leads to reduced myocardial infarction size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the PARP/ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Bian
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Deya Shang
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Fuli Liu
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Health Care, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Jianni Qi
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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11
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Hall AM, Brennan GP, Nguyen TM, Singh-Taylor A, Mun HS, Sargious MJ, Baram TZ. The Role of Sirt1 in Epileptogenesis. eNeuro 2017; 4:ENEURO.0301-16.2017. [PMID: 28197553 PMCID: PMC5301079 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0301-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which brain insults lead to subsequent epilepsy remain unclear. Insults, including trauma, stroke, tumors, infections, and long seizures [status epilepticus (SE)], create a neuronal state of increased metabolic demand or decreased energy supply. Neurons express molecules that monitor their metabolic state, including sirtuins (Sirts). Sirtuins deacetylate cytoplasmic proteins and nuclear histones, and their epigenetic modulation of the chromatin governs the expression of many genes, influencing neuronal properties. Thus, sirtuins are poised to enduringly modulate neuronal properties following SE, potentially contributing to epileptogenesis, a hypothesis supported by the epilepsy-attenuating effects of blocking a downstream target of Sirt1, Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor (NRSF) also know as REST (RE1-Silencing Transcription factor). Here we used an adult male rat model of epileptogenesis provoked by kainic acid-induced SE (KA-SE). We assessed KA-SE-provoked Sirt1 activity, infused a Sirt1 inhibitor (EX-527) after KA-SE, and examined for epileptogenesis using continuous digital video-EEG. Sirt1 activity, measured using chromatin immunoprecipitation for Sirt1 binding at a target gene, increased rapidly after SE. Post hoc infusion of the Sirt1 inhibitor prevented Sirt1-mediated repression of a target gene. Blocking Sirt1 activity transiently after KA-SE did not significantly influence the time- course and all of the parameters of epilepsy development. Specifically, latency to first seizure and seizure number, duration, and severity (using the Racine scale and EEG measures) as well as the frequency and duration of interictal spike series, were all unchanged. KA-SE provoked a robust inflammatory response and modest cell loss, yet neither was altered by blocking Sirt1. In conclusion, blocking Sirt1 activity after KA-SE does not abrogate epilepsy development, suggesting that the mechanisms of such acquired epileptogenesis are independent of Sirt1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M. Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Gary P. Brennan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Tiffany M. Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Akanksha Singh-Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Hyun-Seung Mun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Mary J. Sargious
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Tallie Z. Baram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
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Abstract
Increasing evidence places Schisandrin B (Sch B) at an important position in nerve protection, indicating that Sch B might play a positive role in the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is little information on it. Our studies showed that pretreatment with Sch B could reduce lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species release and significantly increase the cell viability and the superoxide dismutase level. Sch B (10 μM) markedly inhibited cell apoptosis, whereas LY294002 (20 μM), a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase inhibitor, blocked the antiapoptotic effect. More importantly, Sch B (10 μM) increased the phosphoprotein kinase B/protein kinase B (Akt) and B-cell lymphoma-2/Bcl-2 associated X protein ratios on preincubation with cells for 2 h, which was then inhibited by LY294002 (20 μM). Results indicate that Sch B can protect PC12 cells from apoptosis by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway and may emerge as a potential drug for neurodegenerative diseases.
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13
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Role of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Rat Hippocampal Neuronal Death After Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1739-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Turunc Bayrakdar E, Armagan G, Uyanikgil Y, Kanit L, Koylu E, Yalcin A. Ex vivoprotective effects of nicotinamide and 3-aminobenzamide on rat synaptosomes treated with Aβ(1-42). Cell Biochem Funct 2014; 32:557-64. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Turunc Bayrakdar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Guliz Armagan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Yigit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Lutfiye Kanit
- Center for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Ersin Koylu
- Center for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
| | - Ayfer Yalcin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Center for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences; Ege University; Bornova Izmir Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University; Topkapi Istanbul Turkey
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15
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Sriram CS, Jangra A, Kasala ER, Bodduluru LN, Bezbaruah BK. Targeting poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 in neurological diseases: A promising trove for new pharmacological interventions to enter clinical translation. Neurochem Int 2014; 76:70-81. [PMID: 25049175 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved abundant nuclear protein poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase1 (PARP1) functions at the center of cellular stress response and is mainly implied in DNA damage repair mechanism. Apart from its involvement in DNA damage repair, it does sway multiple vital cellular processes such as cell death pathways, cell aging, insulator function, chromatin modification, transcription and mitotic apparatus function. Since brain is the principal organ vulnerable to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, upon stress encounters robust DNA damage can occur and intense PARP1 activation may result that will lead to various CNS diseases. In the context of soaring interest towards PARP1 as a therapeutic target for newer pharmacological interventions, here in the present review, we are attempting to give a silhouette of the role of PARP1 in the neurological diseases and the potential of its inhibitors to enter clinical translation, along with its structural and functional aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekhar Sriram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India.
| | - Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Eshvendar Reddy Kasala
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Lakshmi Narendra Bodduluru
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
| | - Babul Kumar Bezbaruah
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India; Department of Pharmacology, III Floor, Guwahati Medical College, Narkachal Hilltop, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam 781032, India
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16
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Curtin N, Szabo C. Therapeutic applications of PARP inhibitors: anticancer therapy and beyond. Mol Aspects Med 2013; 34:1217-56. [PMID: 23370117 PMCID: PMC3657315 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to describe the current and potential clinical translation of pharmacological inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) for the therapy of various diseases. The first section of the present review summarizes the available preclinical and clinical data with PARP inhibitors in various forms of cancer. In this context, the role of PARP in single-strand DNA break repair is relevant, leading to replication-associated lesions that cannot be repaired if homologous recombination repair (HRR) is defective, and the synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors in HRR-defective cancer. HRR defects are classically associated with BRCA1 and 2 mutations associated with familial breast and ovarian cancer, but there may be many other causes of HRR defects. Thus, PARP inhibitors may be the drugs of choice for BRCA mutant breast and ovarian cancers, and extend beyond these tumors if appropriate biomarkers can be developed to identify HRR defects. Multiple lines of preclinical data demonstrate that PARP inhibition increases cytotoxicity and tumor growth delay in combination with temozolomide, topoisomerase inhibitors and ionizing radiation. Both single agent and combination clinical trials are underway. The final part of the first section of the present review summarizes the current status of the various PARP inhibitors that are in various stages of clinical development. The second section of the present review summarizes the role of PARP in selected non-oncologic indications. In a number of severe, acute diseases (such as stroke, neurotrauma, circulatory shock and acute myocardial infarction) the clinical translatability of PARP inhibition is supported by multiple lines of preclinical data, as well as observational data demonstrating PARP activation in human tissue samples. In these disease indications, PARP overactivation due to oxidative and nitrative stress drives cell necrosis and pro-inflammatory gene expression, which contributes to disease pathology. Accordingly, multiple lines of preclinical data indicate the efficacy of PARP inhibitors to preserve viable tissue and to down-regulate inflammatory responses. As the clinical trials with PARP inhibitors in various forms of cancer progress, it is hoped that a second line of clinical investigations, aimed at testing of PARP inhibitors for various non-oncologic indications, will be initiated, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Curtin
- Department of Experimental Cancer Therapy, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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17
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Wang S, Yang X, Lin Y, Qiu X, Li H, Zhao X, Cao L, Liu X, Pang Y, Wang X, Chi Z. Cellular NAD depletion and decline of SIRT1 activity play critical roles in PARP-1-mediated acute epileptic neuronal death in vitro. Brain Res 2013; 1535:14-23. [PMID: 23994215 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intense poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation was implicated as a major cause of caspase-independent cell death in the hippocampal neuronal culture (HNC) model of acute acquired epilepsy (AE). The molecular mechanisms are quite complicated. The linkage among neuronal death, cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) translocation, SIRT1 expression and activity were investigated here. The results showed that PARP-1 over-activation caused by Mg²⁺-free stimuli led to cellular NAD depletion which could block AIF translocation from mitochondria to nucleus and attenuate neuronal death. Also, SIRT1 deacetylase activity was reduced by Mg²⁺-free treatment, accompanied by elevated ratio of neuronal death, which could be rescued by NAD repletion. These data demonstrated that cellular NAD depletion and decline of SIRT1 activity play critical roles in PARP-1-mediated epileptic neuronal death in the HNC model of acute AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, China
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18
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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition protects epileptic hippocampal neurons from apoptosis via suppressing Akt-mediated apoptosis-inducing factor translocation in vitro. Neuroscience 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Wang S, Wang H, Davis BC, Liang J, Cui R, Chen SJ, Xu ZX. PARP1 inhibitors attenuate AKT phosphorylation via the upregulation of PHLPP1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 412:379-84. [PMID: 21821012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) inhibitors are emerging as an important class of drugs for treating BRCA-deficient cancers. Recent discoveries have shown that PARP1 inhibitors may treat other cancer patients in addition to the relatively small proportion of patients carrying BRCA mutations. However, the additional targets by which PARP1 inhibitor-mediated tumor suppression remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that two PARP1 inhibitors, PJ-34 and 3-AB, attenuate AKT phosphorylation at serine 473 (S473) independent of DNA repair impairment. These inhibitors decrease the AKT-associated phosphorylation of FOXO3A, enhance the nuclear retention of FOXO3A, and activate its transcriptional activity. We further demonstrate that treatment with PJ-34 or 3-AB dramatically increases the level of PHLPP1. Overexpression of PHLPP1 enhances the PARP1 inhibitor-induced downregulation of AKT phosphorylation and increases tumor cell death. In contrast, knockdown of PHLPP1 abrogates the PARP1 inhibitor-mediated AKT inhibition and desensitizes cells to its treatment. Therefore, our findings not only show the robust role of PARP1 inhibitors in AKT inhibition but also develop a novel strategy to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment via PARP1 inhibitor-induced PHLPP1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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20
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Li WJ, Zhou J, Li B, Wang H, Peng YB, Wang Z. PARP Inhibition Restores Erectile Function by Suppressing Corporal Smooth Muscle Apoptosis in Diabetic Rats. J Sex Med 2011; 8:1072-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.02176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Szanto A, Hellebrand EE, Bognar Z, Tucsek Z, Szabo A, Gallyas F, Sumegi B, Varbiro G. PARP-1 inhibition-induced activation of PI-3-kinase-Akt pathway promotes resistance to taxol. Biochem Pharmacol 2009; 77:1348-57. [PMID: 19426673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors combined with DNA-damage inducing cytostatic agents can lead to effective tumor therapy. However, inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1; EC 2.4.2.30) induces the activation of PI-3-kinase-Akt pathway, which can counteract the effectiveness of this therapy. To understand the role of Akt activation in the combined use of cytostatic agent and PARP inhibition, we used taxol (paclitaxel) as an antineoplastic agent, which targets microtubules and up-regulates mitochondrial ROS production, together with (i) pharmacological inhibition (PJ-34), (ii) siRNA knock-down and (iii) transdominant expression of the DNA binding domain of PARP-1. In all cases, PARP-1 inhibition leads to suppressed poly-ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins, prevention of NAD(+) depletion and significant resistance against taxol induced caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel induced a moderate increase in Akt activation, which was significantly augmented by PARP inhibition, suggesting that PARP inhibition-induced Akt activation could be responsible for the cytostatic resistance. When activation of the PI-3-kinase-Akt pathway was prevented by LY-294002 or Akt Inhibitor IV, the cytoprotective effect of PARP inhibition was significantly diminished showing that the activation of PI-3-kinase-Akt cascade had significantly contributed to the cytostatic resistance. Our study demonstrates that drug-induced drug resistance can be responsible for the reduced efficacy of antitumor treatment. Although inhibition of PARP-1 can promote cell death in tumor cells by the inhibition of DNA repair, PARP-inhibition promoted activation of the PI-3-kinase-Akt pathway can counteract this facilitating effect, and can cause cytostatic resistance. We suggest augmenting PARP inhibition by the inhibition of the PI-3-kinase-Akt pathway for antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szanto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
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22
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Parp and cell death or protection in rat primary astroglial cell cultures under LPS/IFNgamma induced proinflammatory conditions. Neurochem Res 2008; 33:2583-92. [PMID: 18758954 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-008-9835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) has a leader role in the DNA damage survey mechanisms by its nick-sensor function, but it is also involved in the early events of the programmed cell death, particularly during inflammatory injury, as a coactivator of NF-kB. In the present study, we evaluated the PARP involvement in the mechanisms of protection and/or cell death in rat astroglial cell cultures during the early phase of proinflammatory commitment after lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma treatment. According with the recent findings that PARP-1 phosphorylation by MAPK/ERK-2 pathway seems to modulate PARP activation, in time course experiments we demonstrated that a very early PARP activation and expression is able to trigger a cell death pathway, DNA damage independent, during strong proinflammatory insults, maintaining its role of guardian of the genome stability only during the normal cell cycling.
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Chi LY, Wang SJ, Li XG. Poly(ADP-ribose) signal in seizures-induced neuron death. Med Hypotheses 2008; 71:283-5. [PMID: 18417297 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 02/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) is found to be involved in many physiological or pathological processes. It is mainly modulated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Either PARP or PARG is associated with the neuronal death in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Cumulative data have suggested that poly(ADP-ribose) regulation might have a therapeutic value in neurotoxicity-induced neuron damage, probably due to the inhibition of apoptosis, suppressing of inflammation and activation of cell survival signaling. We hypothesize poly(ADP-ribose) play an important role in seizures-induced neuron death. Seizures can lead to neuron degeneration as for the exitotoxity of glutamate. Recently, it is indicated seizures also can trigger PARP activation. Further investigation is needed to determine whether poly(ADP-ribose) signal is a therapeutic target for seizures-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yi Chi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan 250012, PR China
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