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Bakthavatchalam R, Bakthavatchalam S, Chandran I, Gaur A, Natarajaboopathy R, Geetha J, Reddy KS, Sindhura G, Varatharajan S. Association of Vitamin D with Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease. MAEDICA 2023; 18:563-570. [PMID: 38348080 PMCID: PMC10859193 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2023.18.4.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Introduction:Vitamin D safeguards cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation and susceptibility to atheroma. This study aimed to evaluate the association of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors like body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile with vitamin D. Methods:Patients of both genders aged over 18 years, who underwent coronary angiogram for cardiac symptoms such as chest pain, breathlessness, palpitation, or syncope, were enrolled in the present study. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected. Glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. The severity of CAD was analyzed along with the SYNTAX scoring. Results:The study population was divided into three groups based on vitamin D levels: Group I (vitamin D level <20 ng/mL), Group II (20-30 ng/mL) and Group III (>30 ng/mL). There was a significantly higher number of patients with diabetes mellitus and triple vessel disease in Group I. On multivariable suplogistic regression, vitamin D had a significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.21 (1.03-1.43) for single vessel disease and 0.92 (1.13-1.43) for triple vessel disease. SYNTAX score had a significant OR of 0.697 (0.557-0.873) for single vessel disease and 1.27 (1.13-1.43) for triple vessel disease. There was a significant negative correlation between HbA1c and vitamin D (r =-0.269, p= 0.008). Vitamin D levels negatively correlated with triple vessel disease (r =-0.252, p= 0.013). Conclusions:Incidence of diabetes mellitus and levels of HbA1c were both higher among patients with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was a risk factor for single and triple vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sriram Bakthavatchalam
- Department of Orthopedics, Vellore Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Indhu Chandran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Archana Gaur
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Jeganathan Geetha
- Department of General Medicine, KarpagaVinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Maduranthgam, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kotha Sugunakar Reddy
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gajula Sindhura
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sakthivadivel Varatharajan
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Akhlaghi B, Firouzabadi N, Foroughinia F, Nikparvar M, Dehghani P. Impact of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms (TaqI and BsmI) on the incidence and severity of coronary artery disease: a report from southern Iran. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:113. [PMID: 36882686 PMCID: PMC9993610 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03155-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been evaluated in various studies; however, the reported results were inconsistent. Hence, we aimed to investigate the impact of two VDR gene polymorphisms, TaqI (rs731236) and BsmI (rs1544410), on the incidence and severity of CAD in Iranian population. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 118 CAD patients underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 52 control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed for genotyping. SYTNAX score (SS) was calculated as a grading tool for complexity of CAD by an interventional cardiologist. RESULTS TaqI polymorphism of VDR was not associated with the incidence of CAD. A significant difference was observed between CAD patients and controls regarding BsmI polymorphism of VDR (p < 0.001). GA and AA genotypes was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CAD (p = 0.01, p-adjusted = 0.01 and p < 0.001, p-adjusted = 0.001 respectively). A allele of BsmI polymorphism was shown to have a protective effect against CAD (p < 0.001, p-adjusted = 0.002). No association was found between TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms of VDR and SS as a measure of CAD severity. CONCLUSION Association of BsmI genotypes with the incidence of CAD revealed that the genetic variation of VDR might play a role in the pathogenesis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshra Akhlaghi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Karafarin Street, PO Box 7146864685, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Foroughinia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Karafarin Street, PO Box 7146864685, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Nikparvar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Pouyan Dehghani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ismail HM, Algrafi AS, Amoudi O, Ahmed S, Al-Thagfan SS, Shora H, Aljohani M, Almutairi M, Alharbi F, Alhejaili A, Alamri M, Muhawish A, Abdallah A. Vitamin D and Its Metabolites Deficiency in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Case-Control Study. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2021; 17:471-480. [PMID: 34408425 PMCID: PMC8364363 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s312376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is considered an emerging health problem that affects at least one billion patients worldwide. Calcitriol 1,25(OH)2D3 has several systemic effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic impacts that explain its cardioprotective effects. The precise association between vitamin D and its metabolites and the value of supplements in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is still controversial. This study aims to search the association between vitamin D2, D3, and metabolites and ACS in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Materials and Methods This was a case–control study on 73 consecutive adult patients with ACS undergoing coronary angiography compared to 50 controls without coronary artery disease and matched for age and sex from June 2019 till July 2019. Echocardiography and coronary angiography were done for all cases. Plasma vitamin D and its metabolites were measured at admission for all participants along with chemistry profiles. Results Vitamin D and its metabolites were statistically significantly lower in ACS patients than the controls. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) significantly predicted ACS occurrence; the other significant predictors were high systolic blood pressure (BP), high total cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Interestingly, vitamin D2 and D3 did not significantly predict ACS (p>0.05). We did not find a statistically significant association between the number of affected coronary vessels and vitamin D metabolites. Moreover, there was no statistically significant correlation between vitamin D and its metabolites and left ventricular ejection fraction measured by echocardiography. Conclusion There was a strong association between vitamin D and all its metabolites with ACS. Significantly, low 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D predicted ACS, but vitamin D2 and D3 did not. Large randomized controlled trials are needed to verify the beneficial values of vitamin D supplementation in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein M Ismail
- Department of cardiology, College of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer S Algrafi
- Department of medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Amoudi
- Madinah Cardiac Center, Adult cardiology, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S Al-Thagfan
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Shora
- Department of molecular biology/biochemistry, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Aljohani
- Medical intern, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fahad Alharbi
- Medical intern, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majed Alamri
- Medical intern, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Muhawish
- Medical intern, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat Abdallah
- Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, National Liver Institute, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
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Wang L, Lv S, Li F, Yu X, Bai E, Yang X. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Metabolic Risk Factors in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shaanxi China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:171. [PMID: 32296394 PMCID: PMC7136495 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women at reproductive age, which is characterized by obesity, hyperandrogenemia, and insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to investigate the vitamin D status, and analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic risk factors in PCOS women in Shaanxi China. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 169 women diagnosed with PCOS and 114 control women without PCOS. The serum 25(OH)D and metabolic markers were measured. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D concentration less than 20 ng/mL. The primary outcome was the difference in vitamin D status between the PCOS and control groups, the secondary outcomes were correlations between serum 25(OH)D concentration and metabolic risk factors in women with PCOS. Results: The serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in women with PCOS than in controls (P < 0.05), and the prevalence rates of 25(OH)D deficiency and insufficiency were significantly higher in women with PCOS than in controls (P < 0.05). The serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly lower in PCOS women with obesity or IR than in women without obesity or IR (P < 0.05), and the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency in PCOS women with obesity or IR was significantly higher than in women without obesity or IR (P < 0.05). Serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P < 0.05). In comparison, serum 25(OH)D concentration was significantly positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Increased BMI and WHR, high levels of fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-C and hs-CRP were regarded as risk factors, but high level of HDL-C was considered to be protective factor of vitamin D deficiency in PCOS women. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in PCOS women in Shaanxi China, especially in those with obesity and IR. The serum 25(OH)D level was correlated with metabolic risk factors in PCOS women. Multi-center randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed to probe the metabolic effect of vitamin D supplementation in PCOS women.
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