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da Costa BFC, Ramalho A, Gonçalves-Pinho M, Freitas A. Suicide Mortality Rate as a Sustainable Development Goal (SDG): A Bibliometric Analysis. Psychiatr Q 2022; 93:15-26. [PMID: 33211227 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behaviors are a serious but potentially preventable cause of premature death. Increased awareness of the importance of mental health for global health has led to new initiatives, supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN). The suicide mortality rate is one of the indicators covered in the UN's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3. The aim of this study is to identify the scientific production and its temporal evolution related to the suicide mortality rate indicator in the context of mental disorders and as one of the SDG. A bibliometric analysis was performed in Scopus to assess the related research on suicide mortality rate, including on the context of the third SDG, from inception to September 2, 2020. The set of articles were analyzed for bibliometric measures. A total of 3126 documents about mental health and suicide mortality rate on the context of SDG were collected. Articles were the predominant type of literature on this area (78.3%), with significant expression on the last years, more evident around 2015, the year of adoption of SDGs. Despite a large volume of evidence, the debate about suicide mortality rate as an indicator of SDG is still very sparse suggesting a need for better consensus on its evaluation methods. This study presents useful characteristics for the formulation of new studies and provides specific targets for the construction or improvement of public policies on the context of the SDGs for further discussion on this strategy proposed by the UN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Filipe Coelho da Costa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Ramalho
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,2D4H-Secondary Data for Healthcare Research, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Gonçalves-Pinho
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,2D4H-Secondary Data for Healthcare Research, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Alberto Freitas
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,2D4H-Secondary Data for Healthcare Research, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Edifício Nascente - 2nd Floor -, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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Roberts LW, Kim JP. Receptiveness to participation in genetic research: A pilot study comparing views of people with depression, diabetes, or no illness. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 94:156-162. [PMID: 28719815 PMCID: PMC5621512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic research in human health relies on the participation of individuals with or at-risk for different types of diseases, including health conditions that may be stigmatized, such as mental illnesses. This preliminary study examines the differences in attitudes toward participation in genetic research among individuals with a psychiatric disorder, individuals with a physical disorder, and individuals with no known illness. METHODS Seventy-nine individuals with a history of diabetes or depression, or no known illness, underwent a simulated consent process for a hypothetical genetic research study. They were then surveyed about their willingness to participate in the hypothetical study and their attitudes about future and family participation in genetic research. RESULTS Participants with and without a history of depression ranked participating in genetic and medical research as very important and indicated that they were likely to participate in the hypothetical genetics study. Expressed willingness to participate was generally stable and consistent with future willingness. Individuals less strongly endorsed willingness to ask family members to participate in genetic research. CONCLUSION Individuals with and without a history of mental illness viewed genetic and medical research favorably and expressed willingness to participate in real-time and in the future. Informed consent processes ideally include an exploration of influences upon volunteers' enrollment decisions. Additional empirical study of influences upon genetic research participation is important to ensure that volunteers' rights are respected and that conditions that greatly affect the health of the public are not neglected scientifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Weiss Roberts
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94304, United States.
| | - Jane Paik Kim
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA 94304
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Silverstone PH, Rittenbach K, Suen VYM, Moretzsohn A, Cribben I, Bercov M, Allen A, Pryce C, Hamza DM, Trew M. Depression Outcomes in Adults Attending Family Practice Were Not Improved by Screening, Stepped-Care, or Online CBT during a 12-Week Study when Compared to Controls in a Randomized Trial. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:32. [PMID: 28373846 PMCID: PMC5357781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is uncertainty regarding possible benefits of screening for depression in family practice, as well as the most effective treatment approach when depression is identified. Here, we examined whether screening patients for depression in primary care, and then treating them with different modalities, was better than treatment-as-usual (TAU) alone. Screening was carried out for depression using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with a score of ≥10 indicating significant depressive symptoms. PHQ-9 scores were given to family physicians prior to patients being seen (except for the Control group). Patients (n = 1,489) were randomized to one of four groups. Group #1 were controls (n = 432) in which PHQ-9 was administered, but results were not shared. Group #2 was screening followed by TAU (n = 426). Group #3 was screening followed by both TAU and the opportunity to use an online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment program (n = 440). Group #4 utilized an evidence-based Stepped-care pathway for depression (n = 191, note that this was not available at all clinics). Of the study sample 889 (60%) completed a second PHQ-9 rating at 12 weeks. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline PHQ-9 scores between these groups. Compared to baseline, mean PHQ-9 scores decreased significantly in the depressed patients over 12 weeks, but there were no statistically significant differences between any groups at 12 weeks. Thus, for those who were depressed at baseline Control group (Group #1) scores decreased from 15.3 ± 4.2 to 4.0 ± 2.6 (p < 0.001), Screening group (Group #2) scores decreased from 15.5 ± 3.9 to 4.6 ± 3.0 (p < 0.001), Online CBT group (Group #3) scores decreased from 15.4 ± 3.8 to 3.4 ± 2.7 (p < 0.01), and the Stepped-care pathway group (Group #4) scores decreased from 15.3 ± 3.6 to 5.4 ± 2.8 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings from this controlled randomized study do not suggest that using depression screening tools in family practice improves outcomes. They also suggest that much of the depression seen in primary care spontaneously resolves and do not support suggestions that more complex treatment programs or pathways improve depression outcomes in primary care. Replication studies are required due to study limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Silverstone
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Finance and Statistical Analysis, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Katherine Rittenbach
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Victoria Y M Suen
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | | | - Ivor Cribben
- Department of Finance and Statistical Analysis, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Marni Bercov
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Andrea Allen
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Catherine Pryce
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Deena M Hamza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Michael Trew
- Strategic Clinical Network for Addiction and Mental Health, Alberta Health Services , Edmonton, AB , Canada
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Carvalho AF, Rocha DQC, McIntyre RS, Mesquita LM, Köhler CA, Hyphantis TN, Sales PMG, Machado-Vieira R, Berk M. Adipokines as emerging depression biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 59:28-37. [PMID: 25183029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin, leptin and resistin may play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, differences in peripheral levels of these hormones are inconsistent across diagnostic and intervention studies. Therefore, we performed meta-analyses of diagnostic studies (i.e., MDD subjects versus healthy controls) and intervention investigations (i.e., pre-vs. post-antidepressant treatment) in MDD. Adiponectin (N = 1278; Hedge's g = -0.35; P = 0.16) and leptin (N = 893; Hedge's g = -0.018; P = 0.93) did not differ across diagnostic studies. Meta-regression analyses revealed that gender and depression severity explained the heterogeneity observed in adiponectin diagnostic studies, while BMI and the difference in BMI between MDD individuals and controls explained the heterogeneity of leptin diagnostic studies. Subgroup analyses revealed that adiponectin peripheral levels were significantly lower in MDD participants compared to controls when assayed with RIA, but not ELISA. Leptin levels were significantly higher in individuals with mild/moderate depression versus controls. Resistin serum levels were lower in MDD individuals compared to healthy controls (N = 298; Hedge's g = -0.25; P = 0.03). Leptin serum levels did not change after antidepressant treatment. However, heterogeneity was significant and sample size was low (N = 108); consequently meta-regression analysis could not be performed. Intervention meta-analyses could not be performed for adiponectin and resistin (i.e., few studies met inclusion criteria). In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis underscored that relevant moderators/confounders (e.g., BMI, depression severity and type of assay) should be controlled for when considering the role of leptin and adiponectin as putative MDD diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Davi Q C Rocha
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucas M Mesquita
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Cristiano A Köhler
- Memory Research Laboratory, Brain Institute (ICe), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Thomas N Hyphantis
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Ioaninna, Ioaninna, Greece
| | - Paulo M G Sales
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Machado-Vieira
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, USA; Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM-27, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, USP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Applied Neuroscience (NAPNA), USP, Brazil
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Australia; Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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Prahlow JA. Investigation of Deaths of Chronically Disabled Persons and Institutionalized Persons. Acad Forensic Pathol 2014. [DOI: 10.23907/2014.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of deaths involving chronically disabled and/or institutionalized persons represents an important challenge to the medicolegal death investigation community. For the purposes of this review, the chronically disabled and/or institutionalized are considered to include three non-mutually exclusive subcategories: the disabled elderly, the severely disabled, and psychiatric patients. Because deaths within certain of these populations tend to be common and expected, a very important goal when such deaths occur is the appropriate referral of cases to the medical examiner/coroner. Although each subcategory has distinct issues of importance regarding death investigation, there is also a reasonable amount of overlap between the three groups. This review provides an overview of the three subcategories, the reasons such persons may be at risk for premature, unexpected, or unnatural death, the many important issues of concern when investigating deaths within these vulnerable populations, and important preventative strategies within each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Prahlow
- Forensic Pathologist at The Medical Foundation in South Bend, IN, and a Professor of Pathology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend
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Cimini MD, Rivero EM, Bernier JE, Stanley JA, Murray AD, Anderson DA, Wright HR, Bapat M. Implementing an audience-specific small-group gatekeeper training program to respond to suicide risk among college students: a case study. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2014; 62:92-100. [PMID: 24456511 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2013.849709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This case study evaluated the effectiveness of an audience-specific, single-session, small-group interactive gatekeeper training program conducted at a large northeastern public university. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 335 faculty, staff, and students completing gatekeeper training programs tailored to their group needs. METHODS Baseline assessments of knowledge about suicide, risk factors, resources for assistance, and comfort in intervening with a student in distress were administered to participants prior to the small-group training sessions; posttest assessments of knowledge and comfort in intervening with students in distress were administered upon completion of training and at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS There was a statistically significant increase in knowledge and comfort upon completion of training for both faculty/staff and student groups, although degradation of training effects at 3-month follow-up was evident. CONCLUSIONS There are benefits associated with the implementation of audience-specific gatekeeper training programs. Booster training sessions to address skill degradation over time are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dolores Cimini
- a University Counseling Center, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , New York
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Abstract
There is a serious shortage of psychiatrists and poor recruitment of new psychiatry trainees worldwide. Low and middle income countries suffer disproportionately on many accounts. A negative attitude towards psychiatry is thought to contribute to poor recruitment of psychiatry trainees. Previous reviews have focused on the attitudes of medical students in high income countries, but factors relevant to attitude and recruitment may be different in lower income countries. Here we review studies of medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry from low and lower-middle income countries, summarize key themes which negatively influence attitudes, and suggest strategies for overcoming them. Major themes include stigma, perceived status of psychiatry, lack of psychiatric trainers, local cultural beliefs, poor working conditions, and quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Nortje
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Stellenbosch , South Africa
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Abstract
By design or by default, primary care providers (PCPs)are frequently the vanguard in the fight against suicide. Recent studies have highlighted programs to improve screening and prevention of suicidality in the medical home, particularly among high-risk patients, such as adolescents, the elderly, and veterans. Increasing efforts are also being paid to improving the PCP's skill in assessing for suicidality. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that screening alone will not significantly lower suicide rates until it occurs within a well-integrated system that facilitates timely referral to more intensive mental health services for those patients who need them. Unfortunately, such systems are sorely lacking in many, if not most, areas of the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michael Bostwick
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Erickson JA, Cho MK. Ethical Considerations and Risks in Psychiatric Genetics: Preliminary Findings of a Study on Psychiatric Genetic Researchers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/21507716.2011.628958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kalkman HO. Circumstantial evidence for a role of glutamine-synthetase in suicide. Med Hypotheses 2011; 76:905-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Bae SB, Woo JM. Suicide prevention strategies from medical perspective. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2011. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2011.54.4.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Bin Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Stress Research Institute, Inje University, Seoul, Korea
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