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Ryan KM, McLoughlin DM. PARP1 and OGG1 in Medicated Patients With Depression and the Response to ECT. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 26:107-115. [PMID: 36472850 PMCID: PMC9926051 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and oxidation-induced DNA damage may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Two key mediators of base excision repair (BER) in response to oxidative damage of DNA are OGG1 and PARP1. Few studies have examined changes in OGG1 or PARP1 mRNA in patients with depression or following antidepressant treatment. We examined PARP1 and OGG1 mRNA levels in patients with depression at baseline/pre-electroconvulsive therapy (baseline/pre-ECT) vs in healthy controls and in patients following a course of ECT. METHODS PARP1 and OGG1 were examined in whole blood samples from medicated patients with depression and controls using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Exploratory subgroup correlational analyses were performed to determine associations between PARP1 and OGG1 and mood (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24-item version) scores as well as with vitamin B3, SIRT1, PGC1α, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels, as previously reported on in this cohort. RESULTS PARP1 levels were reduced in samples from patients with depression vs controls (P = .03), though no difference was noted in OGG1. ECT had no effect on PARP1 or OGG1. Higher baseline PARP1 weakly correlated with greater mood improvement post ECT (P = .008). Moreover, PARP1 positively correlated with SIRT1 at baseline and post ECT, and positive correlations were noted between change in PARP1 and change in OGG1 with change in tumor necrosis factor alpha post ECT. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of ECT on BER enzymes. A better understanding of BER enzymes and DNA repair in depression could unearth new mechanisms relevant to the pathophysiology of this condition and novel antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ryan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Declan M McLoughlin
- Correspondence: Declan M. McLoughlin, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick’s University Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland ()
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Israel-Elgali I, Hertzberg L, Shapira G, Segev A, Krieger I, Nitzan U, Bloch Y, Pillar N, Mayer O, Weizman A, Gurwitz D, Shomron N. Blood transcriptional response to treatment-resistant depression during electroconvulsive therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 141:92-103. [PMID: 34182381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently the first-line antidepressant drug treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Treatment-resistant depression (TRD), defined as failure to achieve remission despite adequate treatment, affects ~30% of persons with MDD. The current recommended treatment for TRD is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), while ketamine is an experimentally suggested treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the transcriptional differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) between individuals with TRD and a control group without a psychiatric illness; and between patients with TRD, treated with either standard antidepressant drugs alone, or in combination with ECT or ketamine. Additionally, PBMC transcriptomics were compared between treatment responders, following completion of their treatment protocols. Total RNA was extracted from PBMC of the TRD group at two time points, and RNA and miRNA expression were profiled. Multiple mRNAs and miRNAs were found to be modified, with two protein coding genes, FKBP5 and ITGA2B, which are up- and downregulated, respectively; and several miRNAs have shown changes following successful ECT treatment. Further analysis demonstrated the direct functional regulation of ITGA2B by miR-24-3p. Our findings suggest that PBMC expression levels of FKBP5, ITGA2B, and miR-24-3p should be further explored as tentative ECT response biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifat Israel-Elgali
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Libi Hertzberg
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel; Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviv Segev
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Israel Krieger
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Uri Nitzan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Yuval Bloch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
| | - Nir Pillar
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Mayer
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tiqva, Israel
| | - David Gurwitz
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Noam Shomron
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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