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Niu B, Fu G. Response of plant diversity and soil microbial diversity to warming and increased precipitation in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168878. [PMID: 38029973 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversity and soil microbial diversity are closely related, and they maintain the health and stability of terrestrial ecosystems. As a hotspot region of global biodiversity research, both air temperature and precipitation of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau tend to increase in future. Based on an overview of the responses of grassland/alpine ecosystems to seasonal asymmetric warming and increased precipitation worldwide, we elaborated the advancements and uncertainties on the responses of plant diversity and soil microbial diversity to warming and increased precipitation in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The future research focus of plant diversity and soil microbial diversity in the alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau under climate warming and increased precipitation was proposed. Generally, previous studies found that the responses of plant species diversity and soil microbial species diversity to warming and increased precipitation differed between alpine meadows and alpine steppes, but few studies focused on their responses to warming and increased precipitation in alpine desert steppes. Previous studies mainly focused on species diversity, although phylogenetic and functional diversities are also important aspects of biodiversity. Previous studies mainly explained responses of plant diversity and soil microbial diversity to warming and increased precipitation based on niche theory, although neutral theory is also the other important mechanism in regulating biodiversity. Moreover, previous studies almost ignored the coupling relationship between plant diversity and soil microbial diversity. Therefore, the following four aspects need to be strengthened, including the responses of plant diversity and soil microbial diversity to warming and increased precipitation in alpine desert steppes, the responses of plant and soil microbial phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity to warming and increased precipitation, combining the niche theory and neutral theory to examining the mechanism of biodiversity, and the coupling relationships between plant diversity and soil microbial diversity under warming and increased precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gang Fu
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Liu Z, Liu K, Zhang J, Yan C, Lock TR, Kallenbach RL, Yuan Z. Fractional coverage rather than green chromatic coordinate is a robust indicator to track grassland phenology using smartphone photography. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sun Q, Li B, Jiang Y, Chen X, Zhou G. Declined trend in herbaceous plant green-up dates on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau caused by spring warming slowdown. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:145039. [PMID: 33770902 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There has been much debate on the temporal change trend and existence of a turning point in spring green-up date (GUD) of plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Most previous studies on the QTP used remote sensing data, which have large uncertainties. In this study, using a large amount of long-term ground observation data at 27 phenological stations across the QTP (1694 GUD records), we showed that on the whole, QTP herbaceous plant GUD insignificantly advanced during 1982-2017. Although the direction of the GUD trend did not change from 1982 to 2017, the magnitude of the advancing trend greatly weakened after 1999. According to our estimated results from 28 paired GUD time series, the overall GUD trend shifted from -2.70 days/decade during 1982-1999 to -0.56 days/decade during 2000-2017. This finding contrasts with the conclusions of previous satellite-based studies, which either reported a continuous significant advancement of GUD or a turning point in the mid-to-late 1990s. Through partial correlation analysis and partial least squares regression, we found that winter and spring air temperatures were the primary climatic factors that influenced the temporal change in GUD, and both had negative effects on GUD. The decreased GUD trend was mainly attributable to the warming slowdown in spring. On average, the spring warming rate decreased by 52.43% after 1999, whereas the winter warming rate displayed no obvious change. This study also found that the GUD of forbs showed stronger sensitivity to air temperature change than that of sedges and grasses. This indicates that forbs are more competitive in adaptation to climate warming, which might shift plant community structure and affect ecosystem service function. Moreover, the declined advancement in GUD implies that the spring phenologically driven increase in carbon uptake may have also slowed in the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Sun
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yuhao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiuzhi Chen
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Guoyi Zhou
- School of Applied Meteorology, Institute of Ecology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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Wang H, Liu H, Cao G, Ma Z, Li Y, Zhang F, Zhao X, Zhao X, Jiang L, Sanders NJ, Classen AT, He JS. Alpine grassland plants grow earlier and faster but biomass remains unchanged over 35 years of climate change. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:701-710. [PMID: 32052555 PMCID: PMC7154776 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Satellite data indicate significant advancement in alpine spring phenology over decades of climate warming, but corresponding field evidence is scarce. It is also unknown whether this advancement results from an earlier shift of phenological events, or enhancement of plant growth under unchanged phenological pattern. By analyzing a 35‐year dataset of seasonal biomass dynamics of a Tibetan alpine grassland, we show that climate change promoted both earlier phenology and faster growth, without changing annual biomass production. Biomass production increased in spring due to a warming‐induced earlier onset of plant growth, but decreased in autumn due mainly to increased water stress. Plants grew faster but the fast‐growing period shortened during the mid‐growing season. These findings provide the first in situ evidence of long‐term changes in growth patterns in alpine grassland plant communities, and suggest that earlier phenology and faster growth will jointly contribute to plant growth in a warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guangmin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yikang Li
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Fawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xinquan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA
| | - Nathan J Sanders
- Environmental Program, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Aimée T Classen
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.,Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Institute of Innovation Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Suonan J, Classen AT, Zhang Z, He J. Asymmetric winter warming advanced plant phenology to a greater extent than symmetric warming in an alpine meadow. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Suonan
- Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing China
- The Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Aimée T. Classen
- The Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Rubenstein School of Environment & Natural Resources University of Vermont Burlington VT USA
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China
| | - Jin‐Sheng He
- Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China
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Zhou J, Cai W, Qin Y, Lai L, Guan T, Zhang X, Jiang L, Du H, Yang D, Cong Z, Zheng Y. Alpine vegetation phenology dynamic over 16years and its covariation with climate in a semi-arid region of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 572:119-128. [PMID: 27494658 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation phenology is a sensitive indicator of ecosystem response to climate change, and plays an important role in the terrestrial biosphere. Improving our understanding of alpine vegetation phenology dynamics and the correlation with climate and grazing is crucial for high mountains in arid areas subject to climatic warming. Using a time series of SPOT Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 1998 to 2013, the start of the growing season (SOS), end of the growing season (EOS), growing season length (GSL), and maximum NDVI (MNDVI) were extracted using a threshold-based method for six vegetation groups in the Heihe River headwaters. Spatial and temporal patterns of SOS, EOS, GSL, MNDVI, and correlations with climatic factors and livestock production were analyzed. The MNDVI increased significantly in 58% of the study region, whereas SOS, EOS, and GSL changed significantly in <5% of the region. The MNDVI in five vegetation groups increased significantly by a range from 0.045 to 0.075. No significant correlation between SOS and EOS was observed in any vegetation group. The SOS and GSL were highly correlated with temperature in May and April-May, whereas MNDVI was correlated with temperature in August and July-August. The EOS of different vegetation groups was correlated with different climatic variables. Maximum and minimum temperature, accumulated temperature, and effective accumulated temperature showed stronger correlations with phenological metrics compared with those of mean temperature, and should receive greater attention in phenology modeling in the future. Meat and milk production were significantly correlated with the MNDVI of scrub, steppe, and meadow. Although the MNDVI increased in recent years, ongoing monitoring for rangeland degradation is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wentao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liming Lai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tianyu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lianhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Hui Du
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Dawen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhentao Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanrun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Plants, Beijing Botanical Garden, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Liu L, Zhang X, Donnelly A, Liu X. Interannual variations in spring phenology and their response to climate change across the Tibetan Plateau from 1982 to 2013. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2016; 60:1563-1575. [PMID: 26936843 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Land surface phenology has been widely used to evaluate the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in recent decades. Climate warming on the Tibetan Plateau (1960-2010, 0.2 °C/decade) has been found to be greater than the global average (1951-2012, 0.12 °C/decade), which has had a significant impact on the timing of spring greenup. However, the magnitude and direction of change in spring phenology and its response to warming temperature and precipitation are currently under scientific debate. In an attempt to explore this issue further, we detected the onset of greenup based on the time series of daily two-band enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) from the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) long-term data record (LTDR; 1982-1999) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Climate Modeling Grid (CMG; 2000-2013) using hybrid piecewise logistic models. Further, we examined the temporal trend in greenup onset in both individual pixels and ecoregions across the entire Tibetan Plateau over the following periods: 1982-1999, 2000-2013, and 1982-2013. The interannual variation in greenup onset was linked to the mean temperature and cumulative precipitation in the preceding month, and total precipitation during winter and spring, respectively. Finally, we investigated the relationship between interannual variation in greenup onset dates and temperature and precipitation from 1982 to 2013 at different elevational zones for different ecoregions. The results revealed no significant trend in the onset of greenup from 1982 to 2013 in more than 86 % of the Tibetan Plateau. For each study period, statistically significant earlier greenup trends were observed mainly in the eastern meadow regions while later greenup trends mainly occurred in the southwestern steppe and meadow regions both with areal coverage of less than 8 %. Although spring phenology was negatively correlated with spring temperature and precipitation in the majority of pixels (>60 %), only 15 % and 10 % of these correlations were significant (P < 0.1), respectively. Climate variables had varying effects on the ecoregions with altitude. In the meadow ecoregion, greenup onset was significantly affected by both temperature and precipitation from 3500 to 4000 m altitude and by temperature alone from 4000 to 4500 m. In contrast, greenup onset across all elevational zones, in the steppe ecoregion, was not directly driven by either spring temperature or precipitation, which was likely impacted by soil moisture associated with warming temperature. These findings highlight the complex impacts of climate change on spring phenology in the Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- Geospatial Sciences Center of Excellence (GSCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Geospatial Sciences Center of Excellence (GSCE), South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
- Department of Geography, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Alison Donnelly
- Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201-0413, USA
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
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Climatic Controls on Spring Onset of the Tibetan Plateau Grasslands from 1982 to 2008. REMOTE SENSING 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/rs71215847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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