1
|
Sekhosana KE, Shumba M, Nyokong T. Electrochemical Detection of 4‐Chlorophenol Using Glassy Carbon Electrodes Modified with Thulium Double‐Decker Phthalocyanine Salts. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kutloano Edward Sekhosana
- Center for Nanotechnology and InnovationDepartment of ChemistryRhodes University, PO Box 94 Grahamstown 6140 South Africa
| | - Munyaradzi Shumba
- Center for Nanotechnology and InnovationDepartment of ChemistryRhodes University, PO Box 94 Grahamstown 6140 South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Center for Nanotechnology and InnovationDepartment of ChemistryRhodes University, PO Box 94 Grahamstown 6140 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Historic overview and new developments in synthetic methods for preparation of the rare-earth tetrapyrrolic complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
3
|
Chambrier I, Banerjee C, Remiro-Buenamañana S, Chao Y, Cammidge AN, Bochmann M. Synthesis of Porphyrin–CdSe Quantum Dot Assemblies: Controlling Ligand Binding by Substituent Effects. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:7368-80. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Chiranjib Banerjee
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | | | - Yimin Chao
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Andrew N. Cammidge
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pal C, Sharma AK, Cammidge AN, Cook MJ, Ray AK. Octaoctyl-substituted lutetium bisphthalocyanine for NADH biosensing. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15033-40. [PMID: 24205933 DOI: 10.1021/jp4078568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic voltammetric and Raman and UV-vis spectroscopic measurements were performed on thin films of nonperipherally substituted bis[1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(octyl)phthalocyaninato] lutetium(III) (R16LuPc2). Voltammograms exhibit one-electron quasi-reversible redox processes in 1.5 M LiClO4 aqueous solutions. The red-shift of the Q-band of R16LuPc2 in the UV-visible absorption spectra upon oxidation is attributed to the shortening of the inter-ring distance between the two phthalocyanine moieties. This observation is also consistent with the shift in the redox-sensitive vibrational modes in the Raman spectra due to the localization of the positive charge on phthalocyanine moieties. Neutralization of the oxidized R16LuPc2(+) film by dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) using different concentrations varying from 0.05 to 1 mM has been studied by UV-vis absorption and Raman spectroscopies. The reduction processes for a three month old film were found to be slower than those for freshly prepared films and showed a dependence upon NADH concentration. The data provide a basis for application of R16LuPc2 as a sensor for NADH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Pal
- The Wolfson Centre for Materials Processing, Brunel University , Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, U.K
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heeney MJ, Al-Raqa SA, Auger A, Burnham PM, Cammidge AN, Chambrier I, Cook MJ. Routes to some 3,6-disubstituted phthalonitriles and examples of phthalocyanines derived therefrom: An overview. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461330005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The paper reviews a selection of synthetic pathways that provide access to 3,6-disubstituted phthalonitriles, precursors for the synthesis of 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octasubstituted phthalocyanine derivatives. Early routes using Diels–Alder reactions for the synthesis of 3,6-dialkyl, 3,6-dialkoxymethyl, 3,6-dialkenyl and 3,6-diphenylphthalonitriles are appraised. However, the emphasis of the review focuses on the scope and applications of 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone as a starting material for obtaining 3,6-disubstituted phthalonitriles. The earliest example of the use of 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone concerned its O -alkylation to afford 3,6-dialkoxyphthalonitriles. These are immediate precursors to near-infrared absorbing phthalocyanine derivatives. Triflation of 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone extends the scope of the compound for phthalocyanine synthesis; the bis-triflate derivative is susceptible to S N Ar reactions and readily reacts with thiols to provide 3,6-bis(alkylsulfanyl) and 3,6-bis(arylsulfanyl)phthalonitriles. 3,6-Bis(phenylselenyl)phthalonitrile has also been obtained recently from the same precursor. Phthalocyanine derivatives obtained from them typically show a strongly bathochromically shifted Q-band absorption that is particularly sensitive to the central metal ion. The bis-triflate of 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone is also an ideal precursor for participation in cross-coupling reactions. Examples from the University of East Anglia group and elsewhere are presented which show the application of the nickel-catalyzed Negishi coupling reaction using alkylzinc halide derivatives. Yields of 3,6-dialkylphthalonitriles and 3,6-bis(substituted alkyl)phthalonitriles range from ca. 40 to 70%. Direct comparison for one example shows that the yield from the Negishi coupling method is higher than that using the Suzuki coupling protocol. Examples of the preparation of 3,6-diarylphthalonitriles from 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone bis-triflate using the Suzuki coupling reaction are reported with yields of the order of 65–70%. The review also includes a further application of 2,3-dicyanohydroquinone as a precursor to both monobromo and dibromo derivatives of 3,6-dibutoxyphthalonitrile. These compounds provide opportunities for cross-coupling at the brominated sites to provide more complex derivatives with the potential to serve as precursors of highly substituted phthalocyanine derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J. Heeney
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Shaya A. Al-Raqa
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Aurélien Auger
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Burnham
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N. Cammidge
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Cook
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chaure NB, Pal C, Barard S, Kreouzis T, Ray AK, Cammidge AN, Chambrier I, Cook MJ, Murphy CE, Cain MG. A liquid crystalline copper phthalocyanine derivative for high performance organic thin film transistors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33301e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|