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Kumari A, Kumar C, Wasnik N, Mylavarapu SVS. Dynein light intermediate chains as pivotal determinants of dynein multifunctionality. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268315. [PMID: 34014309 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal cells, a single cytoplasmic dynein motor mediates microtubule minus-end-directed transport, counterbalancing dozens of plus-end-directed kinesins. The remarkable ability of dynein to interact with a diverse cargo spectrum stems from its tightly regulated recruitment of cargo-specific adaptor proteins, which engage the dynactin complex to make a tripartite processive motor. Adaptor binding is governed by the homologous dynein light intermediate chain subunits LIC1 (DYNC1LI1) and LIC2 (DYNC1LI2), which exist in mutually exclusive dynein complexes that can perform both unique and overlapping functions. The intrinsically disordered and variable C-terminal domains of the LICs are indispensable for engaging a variety of structurally divergent adaptors. Here, we hypothesize that numerous spatiotemporally regulated permutations of posttranslational modifications of the LICs, as well as of the adaptors and cargoes, exponentially expand the spectrum of dynein-adaptor-cargo complexes. We thematically illustrate the possibilities that could generate a vast set of biochemical variations required to support the wide range of dynein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Kumari
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Chandan Kumar
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Neeraj Wasnik
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Sivaram V S Mylavarapu
- Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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Murai Y, Jo U, Murai J, Jenkins LM, Huang SYN, Chakka S, Chen L, Cheng K, Fukuda S, Takebe N, Pommier Y. SLFN11 Inactivation Induces Proteotoxic Stress and Sensitizes Cancer Cells to Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme Inhibitor TAK-243. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3067-3078. [PMID: 33863777 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Schlafen11 (SLFN11) inactivation occurs in approximately 50% of cancer cell lines and in a large fraction of patient tumor samples, which leads to chemoresistance. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed to target SLFN11-deficient cancers. To that effect, we conducted a drug screen with the NCATS mechanistic drug library of 1,978 compounds in isogenic SLFN11-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) leukemia cell lines. Here we report that TAK-243, a first-in-class ubiquitin activating enzyme UBA1 inhibitor in clinical development, causes preferential cytotoxicity in SLFN11-KO cells; this effect is associated with claspin-mediated DNA replication inhibition by CHK1 independently of ATR. Additional analyses showed that SLFN11-KO cells exhibit consistently enhanced global protein ubiquitylation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response (UPR), and protein aggregation. TAK-243 suppressed global protein ubiquitylation and activated the UPR transducers PERK, phosphorylated eIF2α, phosphorylated IRE1, and ATF6 more effectively in SLFN11-KO cells than in WT cells. Proteomic analysis using biotinylated mass spectrometry and RNAi screening also showed physical and functional interactions of SLFN11 with translation initiation complexes and protein folding machinery. These findings uncover a previously unknown function of SLFN11 as a regulator of protein quality control and attenuator of ER stress and UPR. Moreover, they suggest the potential value of TAK-243 in SLFN11-deficient tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: This study uncovers that SLFN11 deficiency induces proteotoxic stress and sensitizes cancer cells to TAK-243, suggesting that profiling SLFN11 status can serve as a therapeutic biomarker for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Murai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ukhyun Jo
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Junko Murai
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Lisa M Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shar-Yin N Huang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sirisha Chakka
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Functional Genomics Laboratory, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lu Chen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Functional Genomics Laboratory, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ken Cheng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Functional Genomics Laboratory, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Gaur P, Fenteany G, Tyagi C. Mode of inhibitory binding of epigallocatechin gallate to the ubiquitin-activating enzyme Uba1 via accelerated molecular dynamics. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8264-8276. [PMID: 35423322 PMCID: PMC8695214 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09847g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and some of its analogs potently inhibit the ubiquitin-activating enzyme Uba1. In an effort to understand the possible molecular basis of inhibitory activity of EGCG, we conducted a molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation study. We found that EGCG and its two selected analogs, (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) and (−)-epigallocatechin (EGC), bind favorably at two likely hot spots for small-molecule ligand binding on human Uba1. The compounds bind with energetics that mirror their experimental potency for inhibition of Uba1∼ubiquitin thioester formation. The binding of EGCG, ECG, and EGC at one of the hot spots, in particular, recapitulates the rank order of potency determined experimentally and suggests a possible mechanism for inhibition. A hinge-like conformational change of the second catalytic cysteine domain and the opposing ubiquitin-fold domain observed during accelerated molecular dynamics simulations of the EGCG-bound Uba1 complex that results in disruption of the ubiquitin-binding interfaces could explain the compounds' inhibitory activity. These results shed light on the possible molecular mechanism of EGCG and related catechins in the inhibition of Uba1. The hinge-like movement of the SCCH domain upon ligand binding closes the ubiquitin binding site and disrupts the interfaces crucial for thioester bond formation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Gaur
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre Temesvári krt. 62 6726 Szeged Hungary.,Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 Szeged 6726 Hungary
| | - Gabriel Fenteany
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre Temesvári krt. 62 6726 Szeged Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 Szeged 6726 Hungary .,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged Közép fasor 52 6726 Szeged Hungary
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Wang L, Li M, Sha B, Hu X, Sun Y, Zhu M, Xu Y, Li P, Wang Y, Guo Y, Li J, Shi J, Li P, Hu T, Chen P. Inhibition of deubiquitination by PR-619 induces apoptosis and autophagy via ubi-protein aggregation-activated ER stress in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 54:e12919. [PMID: 33129231 PMCID: PMC7791184 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Targeting the deubiquitinases (DUBs) has become a promising avenue for anti-cancer drug development. However, the effect and mechanism of pan-DUB inhibitor, PR-619, on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells remain to be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of PR-619 on ESCC cell growth and cell cycle was evaluated by CCK-8 and PI staining. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was performed to detect apoptosis. LC3 immunofluorescence and acridine orange staining were applied to examine autophagy. Intercellular Ca2+ concentration was monitored by Fluo-3AM fluorescence. The accumulation of ubi-proteins and the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related protein and CaMKKβ-AMPK signalling were determined by immunoblotting. RESULTS PR-619 could inhibit ESCC cell growth and induce G2/M cell cycle arrest by downregulating cyclin B1 and upregulating p21. Meanwhile, PR-619 led to the accumulation of ubiquitylated proteins, induced ER stress and triggered apoptosis by the ATF4-Noxa axis. Moreover, the ER stress increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ and then stimulated autophagy through Ca2+ -CaMKKβ-AMPK signalling pathway. Ubiquitin E1 inhibitor, PYR-41, could reduce the accumulation of ubi-proteins and alleviate ER stress, G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in PR-619-treated ESCC cells. Furthermore, blocking autophagy by chloroquine or bafilomycin A1 enhanced the cell growth inhibition effect and apoptosis induced by PR-619. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal an unrecognized mechanism for the cytotoxic effects of general DUBs inhibitor (PR-619) and imply that targeting DUBs may be a potential anti-ESCC strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhao Wang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beibei Sha
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuanyu Hu
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Sun
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingda Zhu
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Guo
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Precision Medicine Center, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Multilevel structure-activity profiling reveals multiple green tea compound families that each modulate ubiquitin-activating enzyme and ubiquitination by a distinct mechanism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12801. [PMID: 31488855 PMCID: PMC6728334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed and implemented a reconstituted system to screen for modulators of the ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a process that activates pathways of DNA damage tolerance and drug resistance. We identified the primary putatively health-beneficial green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and certain related small molecules as potent inhibitors of ubiquitination. EGCG directly and reversibly targets the ubiquitin-activating enzyme Uba1, blocking formation of the Uba1~ubiquitin thioester conjugate and thus ubiquitination and in the cell. Structure–activity relationship profiles across multiple biochemical and cellular assays for a battery of EGCG analogues revealed distinct chemical and mechanism-of-action clusters of molecules, with catechin gallates, alkyl gallates, and myricetin potently inhibiting ubiquitination. This study defines a number of related though distinct first-in-class inhibitors of ubiquitination, each series with its own unique activity pattern and mechanistic signature.
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