1
|
Zahoor A, Kun R, Mao G, Farkas F, Sápi A, Kónya Z. Urgent needs for second life using and recycling design of wasted electric vehicles (EVs) lithium-ion battery: a scientometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:43152-43173. [PMID: 38896217 PMCID: PMC11222215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Currently, lithium-ion batteries are increasingly widely used and generate waste due to the rapid development of the EV industry. Meanwhile, how to reuse "second life" and recycle "extracting of valuable metals" of these wasted EVBs has been a hot research topic. The 4810 relevant articles from SCI and SSCI Scopus databases were obtained. Scientometric analysis about second life using and recycling methodologies of wasted EVBs was conducted by VOSviewer, Pajek, and Netdraw. According to analytical results, the research of second life using and recycling mythologies has been growing and the expected achievement will continue to increase. China, Germany, the USA, Italy, and the UK are the most active countries in this field. Tsinghua University in China, "Fraunhofer ISI, Karlsruhe" in Germany, and "Polytechnic di Torino" in Italy are the most productive single and collaborative institutions. The journals SAE technical papers and World Electric Vehicle Journal have the highest publication and citations than other journals. Chinese author "Li Y" has the highest number of 36 publications, and his papers were cited 589 times by other authors. By analyzing the co-occurrence and keywords, energy analysis, second life (stationary using, small industry), and treatment methods, (hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgical, electrochemical, bio-metallurgical) were the hot research topics. The S-curve from the article indicates hydrometallurgical and bio-metallurgical methods are attached with great potential in the near future. Further, different treatment methodologies are observed especially advanced techniques in hydrometallurgical, and spent medium bioleaching techniques in bio-metallurgical are good, economically cheap, has low CO2 emission, environmentally friendly, and has high recovery rate. Finally, this research provides information on second life use and top recycling methodology opportunities for future research direction for researchers and decision-makers who are interested in this research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aqib Zahoor
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Róbert Kun
- Solid-State Energy Storage Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem Rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Guozhu Mao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
- National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ferenc Farkas
- Solid-State Energy Storage Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Sápi
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér 1, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér 1, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu S, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Jiang Y, Qu X, Zhou Y, Zhao T, Cang F, Li Y. Cobalt-doped hollow polydopamine for oxygen generation and GSH consumption enhanced chemo-PTT combined cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213593. [PMID: 37657278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of therapeutics by introducing a plethora of nanomaterials capable of enhancing traditional drug efficacy or paving the way for innovative treatment methods. Within this domain, we propose a novel Cobalt-doped hollow polydopamine nanosphere system. This system, incorporating Doxorubicin loading and hyaluronic acid (HA) surface coating (CoHPDA@DOX-HA), is designed for combined tumor therapy. The overarching aim is to diminish the administration dosage, mitigate the cytotoxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs, augment chemosensitivity within neoplastic tissues, and attain superior results in tumor treatment via combined therapeutic strategies. The targeted molecule, hyaluronic acid (HA), amplifies the biocompatibility of CoHPDA@DOX-HA throughout circulation and fosters endocytosis of the nanoparticle system within cancer cells. This nanosphere system possesses pH sensitivity properties, allowing for a meticulous drug release within the acidic microenvironment of tumor cells. Concurrently, Polydopamine (PDA) facilitates proficient photothermal therapy upon exposure to 808 nm laser irradiation. This process further amplifies the Glutathione (GSH) depletion, and when coupled with the oxygen production capabilities of the Cobalt-doped hollow PDA, significantly enhances the chemo-photothermal therapeutic efficiency. Findings from the treatment of tumor-bearing mice substantiate that even at dosages equivalent to a singular DOX administration, the CoHPDA@DOX-HA can provide efficacious synergistic therapy. Therefore, it is anticipated that multifunctional nanomaterials with Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT) imaging capabilities, targeted delivery, and a controlled collaborative therapeutic framework may serve as promising alternatives for accurate diagnostics and efficacious treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Qiyao Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Feng Cang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-based Active Substances, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mousavinezhad S, Kadivar S, Vahidi E. Comparative life cycle analysis of critical materials recovery from spent Li-ion batteries. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117887. [PMID: 37031596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of new generations of electric vehicles is expected to drive the growth of lithium-ion batteries in the global market. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was utilized in this study to evaluate the environmental impacts of various hydrometallurgical processes in critical materials recovery from lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode powder. The main objective of this work was to fill the knowledge gap regarding the environmental sustainability of various processes in LIB recycling and to generate a comprehensive comparison of the environmental burdens caused by numerous hydrometallurgical methods. According to this investigation, leaching with acetic acid, formic acid, maleic acid, and DL-malic acid demonstrates lower environmental impacts compared to lactic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, trichloroacetic acid, and tartaric acid. Among inorganic acids, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid show higher environmental impacts compared to sulfuric acid. Furthermore, the results of this study indicate that leaching with some organic acids such as citric, succinic, ascorbic, trichloroacetic, and tartaric acids leads to higher negative environmental impacts in most environmental categories compared to inorganic acids like sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Therefore, not all organic acids utilized in the leaching of critical and strategic materials from cathode powder can enhance environmental sustainability in the recycling process. The results of the solvent extraction study as a downstream process of leaching show that sodium hydroxide, organic reagents, and kerosene have the highest environmental impact among all inputs in this process. Generally, solvent extraction has a greater environmental impact compared to the leaching process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedkamal Mousavinezhad
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - Saeede Kadivar
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
| | - Ehsan Vahidi
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu R, Xu W, Wang J, Liu F, Sun W, Yang Y. A Review on Regenerating Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries. Molecules 2022; 27:2285. [PMID: 35408680 PMCID: PMC9000613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted increasing attention for their great significance in environmental protection and cyclic resources utilization. Numerous studies focus on developing technologies for the treatment of spent LIBs. Among them, the regeneration of functional materials from spent LIBs has received great attention due to its short process route and high value-added product. This paper briefly summarizes the current status of spent LIBs recycling and details the existing processes and technologies for preparing various materials from spent LIBs. In addition, the benefits of material preparation from spent LIBs, compared with metals recovery only, are analyzed from both environmental and economic aspects. Lastly, the existing challenges and suggestions for the regeneration process are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (R.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Wei Xu
- Quzhou Huayou Cobalt New Material Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324002, China; (W.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Jinggang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (R.X.); (J.W.)
| | - Fengmei Liu
- Quzhou Huayou Cobalt New Material Co., Ltd., Quzhou 324002, China; (W.X.); (F.L.)
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (R.X.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-Containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (R.X.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-Containing Mineral Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang S, Wan X, Wei K, Ma W, Wang Z. Silicon recovery from diamond wire saw silicon powder waste with hydrochloric acid pretreatment: An investigation of Al dissolution behavior. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 120:820-827. [PMID: 33268045 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon recovery from diamond wire saw silicon powder (DWSSP) waste is of great significance for increasing production profits and alleviating hazardous effects on the ecological environment. The purity of recovered silicon powder is determined by the purification efficiency during acid leaching pretreatment. Because the metallic impurities present in DWSSP are mostly physically mixed rather than chemically bound, the reaction rate is very fast in the initial stage of acid leaching, whereas it is difficult to dissolve the retained impurities in the later stage with the depletion of metal fragments adhered on the surface of the silicon matrix. Many prior studies have failed to consider the retained metallic impurities that reside in the inner silicon particle surfaces. Therefore, this study investigates the dissolution behavior of retained impurities via the dissolution of Al in HCl solution as an example. Thermodynamic results indicate that the Al dissolution process is dominated by entropic changes (ΔS0), rather than enthalpic changes (ΔH0). Furthermore, the dissolution behavior of Al is in accordance with the diffusion-controlled step in the Avrami mode, and the kinetic parameters were found to be A=5.85×107, Ea=49.27kJ·mol-1, and m<1. The determined dissolution behavior provides a clear understanding of the removal of retained metallic impurities from DWSSP via an acid leaching pretreatment. This study provides enlightenment for the further purification of silicon recovered from DWSSP waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy/Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Xiaohan Wan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy/Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Kuixian Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy/Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Wenhui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy/Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Silicon Material Industry Research Institution (Innovation Center) of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|